Arsenic pentafluoride

Arsenic pentafluoride is a chemical compound of arsenic and fluorine. It is a toxic, colorless gas. The oxidation state of arsenic is +5.

Arsenic pentafluoride
Structural formula
Ball-and-stick model
Names
IUPAC name
Arsenic pentafluoride
Other names
Arsenic(V) fluoride,
Arsorane, pentafluoro-
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.146
UNII
Properties
AsF5
Molar mass 169.9136 g mol−1
Appearance colorless gas
Density 2.138 kg/m3 (g/L)[1]
Melting point −79.8 ˚C[1]
Boiling point −52.8 ˚C[1]
Solubility Ethanol, Dimethylether, Benzene
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word Danger
GHS hazard statements
 H280, H319, H350, H361, H370, H372
P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P280, P281, P305+351+338, P307+311, P308+313, P314, P321, P337+313, P405, P410+403, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterHealth code 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasReactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
4
1
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 [1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m3[2]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute][2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [5 mg/m3 (as As)][2]
Related compounds
Related group 5 fluorides
 Phosphorus pentafluoride
Antimony pentafluoride
Bismuth pentafluoride
Related compounds
 Arsenic pentachloride
Arsenic trifluoride
Arsenic pentoxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Synthesis

Arsenic pentafluoride can be prepared by direct combination of arsenic and fluorine:[3]

2As + 5F2 → 2AsF5

It can also be prepared by the reaction of arsenic trifluoride and fluorine:

AsF3 + F2 → AsF5

or the addition of fluorine to arsenic pentoxide or arsenic trioxide.

2As2O5 + 10F2 → 4AsF5 + 5O2
2As2O3 + 10F2 → 4AsF5 + 3O2

Properties

Arsenic pentafluoride is a colourless gas and has a trigonal bipyramidal structure.[3] In the solid state the axial As−F bond lengths are 171.9 pm and the equatorial 166.8 pm. [3] Its point group is D3h.

Reactions

Arsenic pentafluoride forms halide complexes and is a powerful acceptor as shown by the reaction with sulfur tetrafluoride forming an ionic complex.[4]

AsF5 + SF4 → SF3+ + AsF6−

Safety

Arsenic pentafluoride is an extremely dangerous toxin, mainly poisoning liver cells. It has a smell that is similar to vinyl chloride gas.

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See also

References
  1. Record of Arsenic(V) fluoride in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 24/12/2007.
  2. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  4. An investigation of the structures of the adducts of SF4 with BF3, PF5, AsF5, and SbF5 in the solid state and in solution in HF, M. Azeem, M. Brownstein, and R. J. Gillespie Can. J. Chem. 47(22): 4159–4167 (1969), doi:10.1139/v69-689
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