List of state leaders in 2000
This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 2000.
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Africa
Algeria - President - Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–2019)
- Prime Minister -
- Ahmed Benbitour, Prime Minister of Algeria (1999–2000)
- Ali Benflis, Prime Minister of Algeria (2000–2003)
Angola - - President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–2017)
Benin - President - Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1996–2006)
Botswana - President - Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998–2008)
Burkina Faso - President - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–2014)
- Prime Minister -
- Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (1996–2000)
- Paramanga Ernest Yonli, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2000–2007)
Burundi - President - Pierre Buyoya, President of Burundi (1996–2003)
Cameroon - President - Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
- Prime Minister - Peter Mafany Musonge, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1996–2004)
Cape Verde - President - António Mascarenhas Monteiro, President of Cape Verde (1991–2001)
- Prime Minister -
- Carlos Veiga, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1991–2000)
- Gualberto do Rosário, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2000–2001)
Central African Republic - President - Ange-Félix Patassé, President of the Central African Republic (1993–2003)
- Prime Minister - Anicet-Georges Dologuélé, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (1999–2001)
Chad - President - Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
- Prime Minister - Nagoum Yamassoum, Prime Minister of Chad (1999–2002)
Comoros - President - Azali Assoumani, President of the Comoros (1999–2002)
- Prime Minister -
- Bianrifi Tarmidi, Prime Minister of the Comoros (1999–2000)
- Hamada Madi, Prime Minister of the Comoros (2000–2002)
Anjouan (unrecognized secessionist state) - President - Said Abeid, President of Anjouan (1999–2001)
Congo–Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo) - President - Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo) - President - Laurent-Désiré Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1997–2001)
Côte d'Ivoire - President -
- Robert Guéï, President of Côte d'Ivoire (1999–2000)
- Laurent Gbagbo, President of Côte d'Ivoire (2000–2011)
- Prime Minister -
- Seydou Diarra, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire (2000)
- Affi N'Guessan, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire (2000–2003)
- President -
Djibouti - - President - Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978–2001)
Egypt - President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–2011)
- Prime Minister - Atef Ebeid, Prime Minister of Egypt (1999–2004)
Equatorial Guinea - President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
- Prime Minister - Ángel Serafín Seriche Dougan, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (1996–2001)
Eritrea - President - Isaias Afewerki, President of Eritrea (1991–present)[1]
Ethiopia - President - Negasso Gidada, President of Ethiopia (1995–2001)
- Prime Minister - Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–2012)
Gabon - President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
- Prime Minister - Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane, Prime Minister of Gabon (1999–2006)
The Gambia - President - Yahya Jammeh, President of The Gambia (1994–2017)
Ghana - President - Jerry Rawlings, President of Ghana (1981–2001)
Guinea - President - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–2008)
- Prime Minister - Lamine Sidimé, Prime Minister of Guinea (1999–2004)
Guinea-Bissau - President -
- Malam Bacai Sanhá, Acting President of Guinea-Bissau (1999–2000)
- Kumba Ialá, President of Guinea-Bissau (2000–2003)
- Prime Minister -
- Francisco Fadul, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (1998–2000)
- Caetano N'Tchama, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2000–2001)
- President -
Kenya - President - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978–2002)
Lesotho - Monarch - Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
- Prime Minister - Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–2012)
Liberia - President - Charles Taylor, President of Liberia (1997–2003)
Libya - De facto Head of State - Muammar Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
- Nominal Head of State - Muhammad az-Zanati, General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (1992–2008)
- Head of Government -
Madagascar - President - Didier Ratsiraka, President of Madagascar (1997–2002)
- Prime Minister - Tantely Andrianarivo, Prime Minister of Madagascar (1998–2002)
Malawi - President - Bakili Muluzi, President of Malawi (1994–2004)
Mali - President - Alpha Oumar Konaré, President of Mali (1992–2002)
- Prime Minister -
- Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, Prime Minister of Mali (1994–2000)
- Mandé Sidibé, Prime Minister of Mali (2000–2002)
Mauritania - President - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, President of Mauritania (1984–2005)
- Prime Minister - Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Prime Minister of Mauritania (1998–2003)
Mauritius - President - Cassam Uteem, President of Mauritius (1992–2002)
- Prime Minister -
- Navin Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1995–2000)
- Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2000–2003)
Mayotte (Territorial collectivity of France) - Prefect - Pierre Bayle, Prefect of Mayotte (1998–2001)
- President of the General Council - Younoussa Bamana, President of the General Council of Mayotte (1991–2004)
Morocco - Monarch - Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Abderrahmane Youssoufi, Prime Minister of Morocco (1998–2002)
Western Sahara (self-declared, partially recognized state) - President - Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1976–2016)
- Prime Minister - Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (1999–2003)
Mozambique - President - Joaquim Chissano, President of Mozambique (1986–2005)
- Prime Minister - Pascoal Mocumbi, Prime Minister of Mozambique (1994–2004)
Namibia - President - Sam Nujoma, President of Namibia (1990–2005)
- Prime Minister - Hage Geingob, Prime Minister of Namibia (1990–2002)
Niger - President - Mamadou Tandja, President of Niger (1999–2010)
- Prime Minister -
- Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki, Prime Minister of Niger (1997–2000)
- Hama Amadou, Prime Minister of Niger (2000–2007)
Nigeria - President - Olusegun Obasanjo, President of Nigeria (1999–2007)
Rwanda - President -
- Pasteur Bizimungu, President of Rwanda (1994–2000)
- Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
- Prime Minister -
- Pierre-Célestin Rwigema, Prime Minister of Rwanda (1995–2000)
- Bernard Makuza, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2000–2011)
- President -
Saint Helena and Dependencies (British dependent territory) - Governor - David Hollamby, Governor of Saint Helena (1999–2004)
São Tomé and Príncipe - President - Miguel Trovoada, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1995–2001)
- Prime Minister - Guilherme Posser da Costa, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (1999–2001)
Senegal - President -
- Abdou Diouf, President of Senegal (1981–2000)
- Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal (2000–2012)
- Prime Minister
- Mamadou Lamine Loum, Prime Minister of Senegal (1998–2000)
- Moustapha Niasse, Prime Minister of Senegal (2000–2001)
- President -
Seychelles - President - France-Albert René, President of Seychelles (1977–2004)
Sierra Leone - President - Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, President of Sierra Leone (1998–2007)
Somalia - President - Abdiqasim Salad Hassan, President of Somalia (2000–2004)
- Prime Minister - Ali Khalif Galaydh, Prime Minister of Somalia (2000–2001)
Somaliland (unrecognized secessionist state) - President - Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal, President of Somaliland (1993–2002)
Puntland (self-declared autonomous state, de facto independent) - President - Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, President of Puntland (1998–2001)
South Africa - President - Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa (1999–2008)
Sudan - President - Omar al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1989–2019)
Swaziland - Monarch - Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
- Prime Minister - Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (1996–2003)
Tanzania - President - Benjamin Mkapa, President of Tanzania (1995–2005)
- Prime Minister - Frederick Sumaye, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1995–2005)
Togo - President - Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967–2005)
- Prime Minister -
- Eugene Koffi Adoboli, Prime Minister of Togo (1999–2000)
- Agbéyomé Kodjo, Prime Minister of Togo (2000–2002)
Tunisia - President - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–2011)
- Prime Minister - Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–2011)
Uganda - President - Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
- Prime Minister - Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999–2011)
Zambia - President - Frederick Chiluba, President of Zambia (1991–2002)
Zimbabwe - President - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–2007)
Asia
- Afghanistan
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) (mostly unrecognized government, controlling about 90% of the country) - De facto leader - Mullah Mohammed Omar, Commander of the Faithful of Afghanistan (1996–2001)
- Head of State - Mullah Mohammad Rabbani, Head of the Supreme Council of Afghanistan (1996–2001)
Islamic State of Afghanistan (Northern Alliance) (internationally recognized government, controlling about 10% of the country) - President - Burhanuddin Rabbani, President of Afghanistan (1992–2001)
- Prime Minister - Ravan A. G. Farhâdi, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1997–2001)
Bahrain - Monarch - Sheikh Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa, Emir of Bahrain (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970–present)[2]
Bangladesh - President - Shahabuddin Ahmed, President of Bangladesh (1996–2001)
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Hasina, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (1996–2001)
Bhutan - Monarch - Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972–2006)
- Prime Minister -
- Sangay Ngedup, Prime Minister of Bhutan (1999–2000)
- Yeshey Zimba, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2000–2001)
Brunei - Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)[3]
- Prime Minister - Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
Cambodia - Monarch - Norodom Sihanouk, King of Cambodia (1993–2004)
- Prime Minister - Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–present)[4]
China (People's Republic of China) - Communist Party Leader - Jiang Zemin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (1989–2002)
- President - Jiang Zemin, President of China (1993–2003)
- Premier - Zhu Rongji, Premier of the State Council of China (1998–2003)
East Timor (under UN administration) - Special Representative - Sérgio Vieira de Mello, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for East Timor (1999–2002)
India - President - K. R. Narayanan, President of India (1997–2002)
- Prime Minister - Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Prime Minister of India (1998–2004)
Indonesia - President - Abdurrahman Wahid, President of Indonesia (1999–2001)
Iran - Supreme Leader - Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
- President - Mohammad Khatami, President of Iran (1997–2005)
Iraq - President - Saddam Hussein, President of Iraq (1979–2003)
- Prime Minister - Saddam Hussein, Prime Minister of Iraq (1994–2003)
Israel - President
- Ezer Weizman, President of Israel (1993–2000)
- Avraham Burg, Interim President of Israel (2000)
- Moshe Katsav, President of Israel (2000–2007)
- Prime Minister - Ehud Barak, Prime Minister of Israel (1999–2001)
Palestinian Authority (non-state administrative authority) - President - Yasser Arafat, President of the Palestinian Authority (1994–2004)
- President
Japan - Monarch - Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–2019)
- Prime Minister -
- Keizō Obuchi, Prime Minister of Japan (1998–2000)
- Yoshirō Mori, Prime Minister of Japan (2000–2001)
Jordan - Monarch - Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
- Prime Minister -
- Abdelraouf al-Rawabdeh, Prime Minister of Jordan (1999–2000)
- Ali Abu al-Ragheb, Prime Minister of Jordan (2000–2003)
Kazakhstan - President - Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan (1990–2019)[5]
- Prime Minister - Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (1999–2002)
North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) - Communist Party Leader - Kim Jong-il, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (1997–2011)
- De facto Head of State - Kim Jong-il, Chairman of the National Defence Commission of North Korea (1993–2011)[6]
- Nominal Head of State - Kim Yong-nam, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1998–2019)
- Premier - Hong Song-nam, Premier of the Cabinet of North Korea (1997–2003)
South Korea (Republic of Korea) - President - Kim Dae-jung, President of South Korea (1998–2003)
- Prime Minister -
- Kim Jong-pil, Prime Minister of South Korea (1998–2000)
- Park Tae-joon, Prime Minister of South Korea (2000)
- Lee Hun-jai, Acting Prime Minister of South Korea (2000)
- Lee Han-dong, Prime Minister of South Korea (2000–2002)
Kuwait - Monarch - Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1977–2006)[7]
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1978–2003)[8]
Kyrgyzstan - President - Askar Akayev, President of Kyrgyzstan (1990–2005)[9]
- Prime Minister -
- Amangeldy Muraliyev, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (1999–2000)
- Kurmanbek Bakiyev, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2000–2002)
Laos - Communist Party Leader - Khamtai Siphandon, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (1992–2006)
- President - Khamtai Siphandon, President of Laos (1998–2006)
- Premier - Sisavath Keobounphanh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Laos (1998–2001)
Lebanon - President - Émile Lahoud, President of Lebanon (1998–2007)
- Prime Minister -
Malaysia - Monarch - Sultan Salahuddin, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (1999–2001)
- Prime Minister - Mahathir Mohamad, Prime Minister of Malaysia (1981–2003)
Maldives - President - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of the Maldives (1978–2008)
Mongolia - President - Natsagiin Bagabandi, President of Mongolia (1997–2005)
- Prime Minister -
- Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal, Prime Minister of Mongolia (1999–2000)
- Nambaryn Enkhbayar, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2000–2004)
Myanmar - Head of State - Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council of Myanmar (1992–2011)
- Prime Minister - Than Shwe, Prime Minister of Myanmar (1992–2003)
Nepal - Monarch - Birendra, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
- Prime Minister -
- Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, Prime Minister of Nepal (1999–2000)
- Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime Minister of Nepal (2000–2001)
Oman - Monarch - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
- Prime Minister - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
Pakistan - President - Mohammad Rafiq Tarar, President of Pakistan (1998–2001)
- Head of Government - Pervez Musharraf, Chief Executive of Pakistan (1999–2002)
Philippines - President - Joseph Estrada, President of the Philippines (1998–2001)
Qatar - Monarch - Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1995–2013)
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Abdullah bin Khalifa Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (1996–2007)
Saudi Arabia - Monarch - Fahd, King of Saudi Arabia (1982–2005)
- Prime Minister - Fahd, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1982–2005)
Singapore - President - S.R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999–2011)
- Prime Minister - Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Singapore (1990–2004)
Sri Lanka - President - Chandrika Kumaratunga, President of Sri Lanka (1994–2005)
- Prime Minister -
- Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (1994–2000)
- Ratnasiri Wickremanayake, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2000–2001)
Syria - President -
- Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (1971–2000)
- Abdul Halim Khaddam, Acting President of Syria (2000)
- Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria (2000–present)
- Prime Minister -
- Mahmoud Zuabi, Prime Minister of Syria (1987–2000)
- Muhammad Mustafa Mero, Prime Minister of Syria (2000–2003)
- President -
Taiwan (Republic of China) - President -
- Lee Teng-hui, President of Taiwan (1988–2000)
- Chen Shui-bian, President of Taiwan (2000–2008)
- Premier -
- President -
Tajikistan - President - Imamoli Rakhmanov, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
- Prime Minister - Oqil Oqilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–2013)
Thailand - Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–2016)
- Prime Minister - Chuan Leekpai, Prime Minister of Thailand (1997–2001)
Turkey - President -
- Süleyman Demirel, President of Turkey, (1993–2000)
- Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President of Turkey (2000–2007)
- Prime Minister - Bülent Ecevit, Prime Minister of Turkey (1999–2002)
- President -
Turkmenistan - President - Saparmurat Niyazov, President for Life of Turkmenistan (1990–2006)[10]
United Arab Emirates - President - Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (1976–2004)
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1990–2006)
Uzbekistan - President - Islam Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (1990–2016)[11]
- Prime Minister - O‘tkir Sultonov, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (1995–2003)
Vietnam - Communist Party Leader - Lê Khả Phiêu, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1997–2001)
- President - Trần Đức Lương, President of Vietnam (1997–2006)
- Prime Minister - Phan Văn Khải, Prime Minister of Vietnam (1997–2006)
Yemen - President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1978–2012)[12]
- Prime Minister - Abd al-Karim al-Iryani, Prime Minister of Yemen (1998–2001)
Europe
Albania - President - Rexhep Meidani, President of Albania (1997–2002)
- Prime Minister - Ilir Meta, Prime Minister of Albania (1999–2002)
Andorra - Monarchs
- French Co-Prince - Jacques Chirac, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1995–2007)
- Co-Prince's Representative - Frédéric de Saint-Sernin (1999–2002)
- Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Martí i Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971–2003)
- Co-Prince's Representative - Nemesi Marqués Oste (1993–2012)
- French Co-Prince - Jacques Chirac, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1995–2007)
- Prime Minister - Marc Forné Molné, Head of Government of Andorra (1994–2005)
- Monarchs
Armenia - President - Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–2008)
- Prime Minister -
- Aram Sargsyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (1999–2000)
- Robert Kocharyan, Acting Prime Minister of Armenia (2000)
- Andranik Margaryan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2000–2007)
Austria - President - Thomas Klestil, Federal President of Austria (1992–2004)
- Chancellor -
- Viktor Klima, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1997–2000)
- Wolfgang Schüssel, Federal Chancellor of Austria (2000–2007)
Azerbaijan - President - Heydar Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (1993–2003)
- Prime Minister - Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (1996–2003)
Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognized, secessionist state) - President - Arkadi Ghukasyan, President of Nagorno-Karabakh (1997–2007)
- Prime Minister - Anushavan Danielyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (1999–2007)
Belarus - President - Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
- Prime Minister -
- Sergey Ling, Prime Minister of Belarus (1996–2000)
- Vladimir Yermoshin, Prime Minister of Belarus (2000–2001)
Belgium - Monarch - Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–2013)
- Prime Minister - Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
Bosnia and Herzegovina - Head of State - Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Serb member - Živko Radišić (1998–2002), Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2000–2001)
- Bosniak member -
- Alija Izetbegović (1996–2000), Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2000)
- Halid Genjac (2000–2001)
- Croat member - Ante Jelavić (1998–2001), Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1999–2000)
- Premier -
- High Representative - Wolfgang Petritsch, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (1999–2002)
- Head of State - Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria - President - Petar Stoyanov, President of Bulgaria (1997–2002)
- Prime Minister - Ivan Kostov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1997–2001)
Croatia - President -
- Vlatko Pavletić, Acting President of Croatia (1999–2000)
- Zlatko Tomčić, Acting President of Croatia (2000)
- Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–2010)
- Prime Minister -
- Zlatko Mateša, Prime Minister of Croatia (1995–2000)
- Ivica Račan, Prime Minister of Croatia (2000–2003)
- President -
Cyprus - President - Glafcos Clerides, President of Cyprus (1993–2003)
Northern Cyprus (unrecognized, secessionist state) - President - Rauf Denktaş, President of Northern Cyprus (1975–2005)
- Prime Minister - Derviş Eroğlu, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (1996–2004)
Czech Republic - President - Václav Havel, President of the Czech Republic (1993–2003)
- Prime Minister - Miloš Zeman, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (1998–2002)
Denmark - Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
- Prime Minister - Poul Nyrup Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (1993–2001)
Estonia - President - Lennart Meri, President of Estonia (1992–2001)
- Prime Minister - Mart Laar, Prime Minister of Estonia (1999–2002)
Finland - President -
- Martti Ahtisaari, President of Finland (1994–2000)
- Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–2012)
- Prime Minister - Paavo Lipponen, Prime Minister of Finland (1995–2003)
- President -
France - President - Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–2007)
- Prime Minister - Lionel Jospin, Prime Minister of France (1997–2002)
Georgia - President - Eduard Shevardnadze, President of Georgia (1995–2003)
- Prime Minister -
- Vazha Lortkipanidze, Minister of State of Georgia (1998–2000)
- Giorgi Arsenishvili, Minister of State of Georgia (2000–2001)
Abkhazia (unrecognized secessionist state) - President - Vladislav Ardzinba, President of Abkhazia (1990–2005)[13]
- Prime Minister - Viacheslav Tsugba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (1999–2001)
South Ossetia (unrecognized secessionist state) - President - Lyudvig Chibirov, President of South Ossetia (1993–2001)
- Prime Minister - Merab Chigoev, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (1998–2001)
Germany - President - Johannes Rau, Federal President of Germany (1999–2004)
- Chancellor - Gerhard Schröder, Federal Chancellor of Germany (1998–2005)
Greece - President - Konstantinos Stephanopoulos, President of Greece (1995–2005)
- Prime Minister - Costas Simitis, Prime Minister of Greece (1996–2004)
Hungary - President -
- Árpád Göncz, President of Hungary (1990–2000)
- Ferenc Mádl, President of Hungary (2000–2005)
- Prime Minister - Viktor Orbán, Prime Minister of Hungary (1998–2002)
- President -
Iceland - President - Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–2016)
- Prime Minister - Davíð Oddsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1991–2004)
Ireland - President - Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–2011)
- Prime Minister - Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach of Ireland (1997–2008)
Italy - President - Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of Italy (1999–2006)
- Prime Minister -
Latvia - President - Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, President of Latvia (1999–2007)
- Prime Minister -
- Andris Šķēle, Prime Minister of Latvia (1999–2000)
- Andris Bērziņš, Prime Minister of Latvia (2000–2002)
Liechtenstein - Monarch - Hans Adam II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
- Prime Minister - Mario Frick, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1993–2001)
Lithuania - President - Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (1998–2003)
- Prime Minister -
- Andrius Kubilius, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1999–2000)
- Rolandas Paksas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2000–2001)
Luxembourg - Monarch -
- Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964–2000)
- Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
- Regent - Hereditary Grand Duke Henri, Lieutenant Representative of Luxembourg (1998–2000)
- Prime Minister - Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–2013)
- Monarch -
Macedonia - President - Boris Trajkovski, President of Macedonia (1999–2004)
- Prime Minister - Ljubčo Georgievski, President of the Government of Macedonia (1998–2002)
Malta - President - Guido de Marco, President of Malta (1999–2004)
- Prime Minister - Eddie Fenech Adami, Prime Minister of Malta (1998–2004)
Moldova - President - Petru Lucinschi, President of Moldova (1997–2001)
- Prime Minister - Dumitru Braghiş, Prime Minister of Moldova (1999–2001)
Transnistria (unrecognized, secessionist state) - President - Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1990–2011)[14]
Monaco - Monarch - Rainier III, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
- Head of Government -
- Michel Lévêque, Minister of State of Monaco (1997–2000)
- Patrick Leclercq, Minister of State of Monaco (2000–2005)
Kingdom of the Netherlands - Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–2013)
Netherlands (constituent country) - Prime Minister - Wim Kok, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1994–2002)
Netherlands Antilles (constituent country) - see under North America
Aruba (constituent country) - see under North America
Norway - Monarch - Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
- Prime Minister -
- Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister of Norway (1997–2000)
- Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway (2000–2001)
Poland - President - Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of Poland (1995–2005)
- Prime Minister - Jerzy Buzek, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1997–2001)
Portugal - President - Jorge Sampaio, President of Portugal (1996–2006)
- Prime Minister - António Guterres, Prime Minister of Portugal (1995–2002)
Romania - President -
- Emil Constantinescu, President of Romania (1996–2000)
- Ion Iliescu, President of Romania (2000–2004)
- Prime Minister -
- Mugur Isărescu, Prime Minister of Romania (1999–2000)
- Adrian Năstase, Prime Minister of Romania (2000–2004)
- President -
Russia - President - Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–2008)
- Prime Minister -
- Vladimir Putin, Chairman of the Government of Russia (1999–2000)
- Mikhail Kasyanov, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2000–2004)
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (unrecognized secessionist state) - the capital was retaken by Russian forces and most of the government went into exile
- President - Aslan Maskhadov, President of Ichkeria (1997–2000)[15]
- Prime Minister – Aslan Maskhadov, Prime Minister of Ichkeria (1998–2000)
San Marino - Captains-Regent -
- Marino Bollini and Giuseppe Arzilli, Captains-Regent of San Marino (1999–2000)
- Maria Domenica Michelotti and Gian Marco Marcucci, Captains-Regent of San Marino (2000)
- Gianfranco Terenzi and Enzo Colombini, Captains-Regent of San Marino (2000–2001)
- Captains-Regent -
Slovakia - President - Rudolf Schuster, President of Slovakia (1999–2004)
- Prime Minister - Mikuláš Dzurinda, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1998–2006)
Slovenia - President - Milan Kučan, President of Slovenia (1990–2002)[16]
- Prime Minister -
- Janez Drnovšek, Prime Minister of Slovenia (1992–2000)
- Andrej Bajuk, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2000)
- Janez Drnovšek, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2000–2002)
Spain - Monarch - Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–2014)
- Prime Minister - José María Aznar, President of the Government of Spain (1996–2004)
Sweden - Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
- Prime Minister - Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1996–2006)
Switzerland - Federal Council[17] -
- Adolf Ogi (1987–2000, President), Kaspar Villiger (1989–2003), Ruth Dreifuss (1993–2002), Moritz Leuenberger (1995–2010), Pascal Couchepin (1998–2009), Ruth Metzler (1999–2003), Joseph Deiss (1999–2006)
- Federal Council[17] -
Ukraine - President - Leonid Kuchma, President of Ukraine (1994–2005)
- Prime Minister - Viktor Yushchenko, Prime Minister of Ukraine (1999–2001)
United Kingdom - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
- Prime Minister - Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–2007)
Guernsey (British Crown dependency) - Lieutenant-Governor -
- Sir John Coward, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1994–2000)
- Sir John Foley, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (2000–2005)
- Bailiff - de Vic Carey, Bailiff of Guernsey (1999–2005)
- Lieutenant-Governor -
Jersey (British Crown dependency) - Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Michael Wilkes, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1995–2001)
- Bailiff - Sir Philip Bailhache, Bailiff of Jersey (1995–2009)
Isle of Man (British Crown dependency) - Lieutenant Governor -
- Sir Timothy Daunt, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (1995–2000)
- Ian Macfadyen, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2000–2005)
- Chief minister - Donald Gelling, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (1996–2001)
- Lieutenant Governor -
Gibraltar (British dependent territory) - Governor -
- Sir Richard Luce, Governor of Gibraltar (1997–2000)
- Sir David Durie, Governor of Gibraltar (2000–2003)
- Chief Minister - Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–2011)
- Governor -
Vatican City - Monarch - Pope John Paul II, Sovereign of Vatican City (1978–2005)
- President of the Governorate - Cardinal Edmund Szoka, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1997–2006)
- Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
- Secretary of State - Cardinal Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–2006)
FR Yugoslavia - President -
- Slobodan Milošević, President of Yugoslavia (1997–2000)
- Vojislav Koštunica, President of Yugoslavia (2000–2003)
- Prime Minister -
- Momir Bulatović, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1998–2000)
- Zoran Žižić, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (2000–2001)
Kosovo (Self-Governing Entity under UN administration 1999-2008) / Republic of Kosova (unrecognized secessionist state 1991-2000) - UN Special Representative - Bernard Kouchner, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Kosovo (1999–2001)
- President - Ibrahim Rugova, President of the Republic of Kosova (1992–2000)
- Prime Minister -
- Bujar Bukoshi, Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosova (1991–2000)
- Hashim Thaçi (in opposition), Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosova (1999–2000)
- President -
North America
Anguilla (British dependent territory) - Governor -
- Robert Harris, Governor of Anguilla (1996–2000)
- Roger Cousins, Acting Governor of Anguilla (2000)
- Peter Johnstone, Governor of Anguilla (2000–2004)
- Chief Minister -
- Hubert Hughes, Chief Minister of Anguilla (1994–2000)
- Osbourne Fleming, Chief Minister of Anguilla (2000–2010)
- Governor -
Antigua and Barbuda - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
- Governor-General - Sir James Carlisle, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (1993–2007)
- Prime Minister - Lester Bird, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (1994–2004)
Aruba (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands) - Governor - Olindo Koolman, Governor of Aruba (1992–2004)
- Prime Minister - Henny Eman, Prime Minister of Aruba (1994–2001)
The Bahamas - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Orville Turnquest, Governor-General of the Bahamas (1995–2001)
- Prime Minister - Hubert Ingraham, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (1992–2002)
Barbados - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Clifford Husbands, Governor-General of Barbados (1996–2011)
- Prime Minister - Owen Arthur, Prime Minister of Barbados (1994–2008)
Belize - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Colville Young, Governor-General of Belize (1993–present)
- Prime Minister - Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize (1998–2008)
Bermuda (British dependent territory) - Governor - Thorold Masefield, Governor of Bermuda (1997–2002)
- Premier - Jennifer M. Smith, Premier of Bermuda (1998–2003)
British Virgin Islands (British dependent territory) - Governor - Frank Savage, Governor of the British Virgin Islands (1998–2002)
- Chief Minister - Ralph T. O'Neal, Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands (1995–2003)
Canada - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
- Governor General - Adrienne Clarkson, Governor General of Canada (1999–2005)
- Prime Minister - Jean Chrétien, Prime Minister of Canada (1993–2003)
Cayman Islands (British dependent territory) - Governor - Peter Smith, Governor of the Cayman Islands (1999–2002)
- Head of Government -
Costa Rica - President - Miguel Ángel Rodríguez, President of Costa Rica (1998–2002)
Cuba - Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro, First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (1965–2011)
- President - Fidel Castro, President of the Council of State of Cuba (1976–2008)
- Premier - Fidel Castro, President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba (1959–2008)
Dominica - - President - Vernon Shaw, President of Dominica (1998–2003)
- Prime Minister -
- Edison James, Prime Minister of Dominica (1995–2000)
- Rosie Douglas, Prime Minister of Dominica (2000)
- Pierre Charles, Prime Minister of Dominica (2000–2004)
Dominican Republic - President
- Leonel Fernández, President of the Dominican Republic (1996–2000)
- Hipólito Mejía, President of the Dominican Republic (2000–2004)
- President
El Salvador - President - Francisco Flores Pérez, President of El Salvador (1999–2004)
Grenada - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada (1974–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Daniel Williams, Governor-General of Grenada (1996–2008)
- Prime Minister - Keith Mitchell, Prime Minister of Grenada (1995–2008)
Guatemala - President -
- Álvaro Arzú, President of Guatemala (1996–2000)
- Alfonso Portillo, President of Guatemala (2000–2004)
- President -
Haiti - President - René Préval, President of Haiti (1996–2001)
- Prime Minister - Jacques-Édouard Alexis, Prime Minister of Haiti (1999–2001)
Honduras - President - Carlos Roberto Flores, President of Honduras (1998–2002)
Jamaica - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Howard Cooke, Governor-General of Jamaica (1991–2006)
- Prime Minister - P. J. Patterson, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1992–2006)
Mexico - President -
- Ernesto Zedillo, President of Mexico (1994–2000)
- Vicente Fox, President of Mexico (2000–2006)
- President -
Montserrat (British dependent territory) - Governor - Tony Abbott, Governor of Montserrat (1997–2001)
- Chief Minister - David Brandt, Chief Minister of Montserrat (1997–2001)
Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands) - Governor - Jaime Saleh, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (1990–2002)
- Prime Minister - Miguel Arcangel Pourier, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1999–2002)
Nicaragua - President - Arnoldo Alemán, President of Nicaragua (1997–2002)
Panama - President - Mireya Moscoso, President of Panama (1999–2004)
Saint Kitts and Nevis - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Cuthbert Sebastian, Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1996–2013)
- Prime Minister - Denzil Douglas, Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1995–2015)
Saint Lucia - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Lucia (1979–present)
- Governor-General - Dame Pearlette Louisy, Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1997–2017)
- Prime Minister - Kenny Anthony, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (1997–2006)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Territorial collectivity of France) - Prefect - Francis Spitzer, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1999–2001)
- President of the General Council -
- Bernard Le Soavec, President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1996–2000)
- Marc Plantegenest, President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2000–2005)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Charles Antrobus, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1996–2002)
- Prime Minister -
- Sir James Fitz-Allen Mitchell, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1984–2000)
- Arnhim Eustace, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2000–2001)
Trinidad and Tobago - President - A. N. R. Robinson, President of Trinidad and Tobago (1997–2003)
- Prime Minister - Basdeo Panday, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1995–2001)
Turks and Caicos Islands (British dependent territory) - Governor -
- John Kelly, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (1996–2000)
- Mervyn Jones, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2000–2002)
- Chief Minister - Derek Hugh Taylor, Chief Minister of the Turks and Caicos Islands (1995–2003)
- Governor -
United States of America - President - Bill Clinton, President of the United States (1993–2001)
Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of the United States) - Governor - Pedro Rosselló, Governor of Puerto Rico (1993–2001)
United States Virgin Islands (Insular area of the United States) - Governor - Charles Wesley Turnbull, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (1999–2007)
Oceania
American Samoa (unorganized, unincorporated territory of the United States) - Governor - Tauese Sunia, Governor of American Samoa (1997–2003)
Australia - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952– present)
- Governor-General - Sir William Deane, Governor-General of Australia (1996–2001)
- Prime Minister - John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia (1996–2007)
Christmas Island (external territory of Australia) - Administrator - Bill Taylor, Administrator of Christmas Island (1999–2003)
- Shire President - Dave McLane, Shire president of Christmas Island (1998–2001)
- Cocos (Keeling) Islands (external territory of Australia)
- Administrator - Bill Taylor, Administrator of Cocos (Keeling) Islands (1999–2003)
- Shire President - Mohammad Said Chongkin, Shire president of Cocos (Keeling) Islands (1999–2001)
Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia) - Administrator - Tony Messner, Administrator of Norfolk Island (1997–2003)
- Chief Minister -
- George Charles Smith, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (1997–2000)
- Ronald Coane Nobbs, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (2000–2001)
Fiji - President -
- Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, President of Fiji (1993–2000)
- Frank Bainimarama, Head of the Interim Military Government of Fiji (2000)
- Ratu Josefa Iloilo, President of Fiji (2000–2009)
- Prime Minister -
- Mahendra Chaudhry, Prime Minister of Fiji (1999–2000)
- Tevita Momoedonu, Prime Minister of Fiji (2000)
- Laisenia Qarase, Interim Prime Minister of Fiji (2000–2001)
- President -
French Polynesia (French overseas territory) - High Commissioner - Jean Aribaud, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (1997–2001)
- President of the Government - Gaston Flosse, President of the Government of French Polynesia (1991–2004)
Guam (Insular area of the United States) - Governor - Carl T.C. Gutierrez, Governor of Guam (1995–2003)
Kiribati - President - Teburoro Tito, President of Kiribati (1994–2003)
Marshall Islands - President -
- Imata Kabua, President of the Marshall Islands (1997–2000)
- Kessai Note, President of the Marshall Islands (2000–2008)
- President -
Micronesia - President - Leo Falcam, President of Micronesia (1999–2003)
Nauru - President -
- René Harris, President of Nauru (1999–2000)
- Bernard Dowiyogo, President of Nauru (2000–2001)
- President -
New Caledonia (Sui Generis Collectivity of France) - High Commissioner - Thierry Lataste, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (1999–2002)
- Head of Government - Jean Lèques, President of the Government of New Caledonia (1999–2001)
New Zealand - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Michael Hardie Boys, Governor-General of New Zealand (1996–2001)
- Prime Minister - Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1999–2008)
Cook Islands (Associated state of New Zealand) - Queen's Representative -
- Sir Apenera Short, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (1990–2000)
- Lawrence Murray Greig, Acting Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (2000–2001)
- Prime Minister - Terepai Maoate, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (1999–2002)
- Queen's Representative -
Niue (associated state of New Zealand) - Premier - Sani Lakatani, Premier of Niue (1999–2002)
Tokelau (dependent territory of New Zealand) - Administrator - Lindsay Watt, Administrator of Tokelau (1993–2003)
- Head of Government -
- Pio Tuia, Head of Government of Tokelau (1999–2000)
- Kolouei O'Brien, Head of Government of Tokelau (2000–2001)
Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth of the United States) - Governor - Pedro Tenorio, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (1998–2002)
Palau - President - Kuniwo Nakamura, President of Palau (1993–2001)[18]
Papua New Guinea - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Silas Atopare, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (1997–2003)
- Prime Minister - Mekere Morauta, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (1999–2002)
Pitcairn Islands (British dependent territory) - Governor - Martin Williams, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (1998–2001)
- Mayor - Steve Christian, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (1999–2004)
Samoa - Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa (1962–2007)
- Prime Minister - Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister of Samoa (1998–present)
Solomon Islands - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
- Governor-General - Sir John Lapli, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (1999–2004)
- Prime Minister -
- Bartholomew Ulufa'alu, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (1997–2000)
- Manasseh Sogavare, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2000–2001)
Tonga - Monarch - Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006)[19]
- Prime Minister -
- Baron Vaea, Prime Minister of Tonga (1991–2000)
- Prince Lavaka Ata 'Ulukalala, Prime Minister of Tonga (2000–2006)
Tuvalu - Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Tomasi Puapua, Governor-General of Tuvalu (1998–2003)
- Prime Minister -
- Ionatana Ionatana, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (1999–2000)
- Lagitupu Tuilimu, Acting Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2000–2001)
Vanuatu - President - John Bani, President of Vanuatu (1999–2004)
- Prime Minister - Barak Sopé, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (1999–2001)
Wallis and Futuna (French overseas territory) - Administrator-Superior -
- Christian Dors, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (1998–2000)
- Alain Waquet, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2000–2002)
- President of the Territorial Assembly - Soane Mani Uhila, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (1999–2001)
- Administrator-Superior -
South America
Argentina - President - Fernando de la Rúa, President of Argentina (1999–2001)
Bolivia - President - Hugo Banzer, President of Bolivia (1997–2001)
Brazil - President - Fernando Henrique Cardoso, President of Brazil (1995–2002)
Chile - President -
- Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, President of Chile (1994–2000)
- Ricardo Lagos, President of Chile (2000–2006)
- President -
Colombia - President - Andrés Pastrana Arango, President of Colombia (1998–2002)
Ecuador - President -
- Jamil Mahuad, President of Ecuador (1998–2000)
- Gustavo Noboa, President of Ecuador (2000–2003)
- President -
Falkland Islands (British dependent territory) - Governor - Donald Lamont, Governor of the Falkland Islands (1999–2002)
- Chief Executive - Michael Blanch, Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands (2000–2003)
Guyana - President - Bharrat Jagdeo, President of Guyana (1999–2011)
- Prime Minister - Sam Hinds, Prime Minister of Guyana (1999–2015)
Paraguay - President - Luis Ángel González Macchi, President of Paraguay (1999–2003)
Peru - President -
- Alberto Fujimori, President of Peru (1990–2000)
- Valentín Paniagua, Interim President of Peru (2000–2001)
- Prime Minister -
- Alberto Bustamante Belaunde, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1999–2000)
- Federico Salas, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2000)
- Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2000–2001)
- President -
Suriname - President -
- Jules Wijdenbosch, President of Suriname (1996–2000)
- Ronald Venetiaan, President of Suriname (2000–2010)
- President -
Uruguay - President -
- Julio María Sanguinetti, President of Uruguay (1995–2000)
- Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, President of Uruguay (2000–2005)
- President -
Venezuela - President - Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela (1999–2002)
References
- Eritrea only became independent in 1993.
- Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- Brunei only became independent in 1984.
- Hun Sen was titled Second Prime Minister between 1993 and 1998.
- Kazakhstan only became independent in 1991.
- The position of the Chairman was declared to be the "highest office of state" by the constitution that came into effect on September 5, 1998.
- In exile between 1990 and 1991.
- In exile between 1990 and 1991.
- Kyrgyzstan only became independent in 1991.
- Turkmenistan only became independent in 1991.
- Uzbekistan only became independent in 1991.
- Ali Abdullah Saleh was President of North Yemen until 1990.
- Abkhazia only declared independence on 23 July 1992.
- Transnistria only declared independence in 1991.
- The capital was retaken by Russia in 2000 and Maskhadov was in hiding afterwards. President in exile until 2005.
- Slovenia only became independent in 1991.
- The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
- Palau only became independent in 1994.
- Tonga only became independent in 1970.
External links
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