Gipuzkoa (Basque Parliament constituency)

Gipuzkoa (Spanish: Guipúzcoa) is one of the three constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Basque Parliament, the regional legislature of the Basque Autonomous Community. The constituency currently elects 25 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Gipuzkoa. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see Gipuzkoa (Congress of Deputies constituency). For the Senate constituency, see Gipuzkoa (Senate constituency).

Gipuzkoa
Basque Parliament Electoral Constituency
Location of Gipuzkoa within the Basque Country
Province	Gipuzkoa
Autonomous community	Basque Country
Population	723,576 (2019)[1]
Electorate	584,905 (2020)[2]
Major settlements	Donostia-San Sebastián, Irún
Current constituency
Created	1980
Seats	20 (1980–1984) 25 (1984–present)
Member(s)	PNV (10)      EH Bildu (9)      PSE–EE (3)      Podemos (1)      EzAn–IU (1)      PP (1)

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Statute of Autonomy for the Basque Country of 1979 and was first contested in the 1980 regional election. The Statute provided for the three provinces in the Basque Country—Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa—to be established as multi-member districts in the Basque Parliament, with this regulation being maintained under the 1983 and 1990 regional electoral laws. Each constituency is allocated a fixed number of 25 seats each, to provide for an equal representation of the three provinces in Parliament as required under the regional Statute. The exception was the 1980 election, when this number was 60.[3][4][5]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Basques abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).[6] Seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of three percent of valid votes—which, until 1983 and from 1990 includes blank ballots; also and until a 2000 reform, the threshold was set at five percent—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold are not taken into consideration for seat distribution.[3][4][5] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[7]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1983; and only the signature of 500 electors from 1983 to 1990—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[4][5][8][9]

Deputies

Deputies 1980–present
Parliament	Election	Distribution
1st	1980	4 3 3 9 1
2nd	1984	5 2 6 11 1
3rd	1986	6 3 6 6 4
4th	1990	6 2 5 5 6 1
5th	1994	6 2 4 4 6 3
6th	1998	7 4 4 6 4
7th	2001	4 1 4 12 4
8th	2005	5 1 1 5 10 3
9th	2009	1 2 8 1 10 3
10th	2012	9 5 9 2
11th	2016	8 3 3 9 2
12th	2020	9 2 3 10 1

Elections

2020 regional election

Summary of the 12 July 2020 Basque Parliament election results in Gipuzkoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	109,554	36.08	+1.99	10	+1
	Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)	106,027	34.92	+6.24	9	+1
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	38,795	12.78	+1.03	3	±0
	United We Can–United Left (Podemos/Ahal Dugu, Ezker Anitza–IU)	21,568	7.10	–7.09	2	–1
	People's Party+Citizens (PP+Cs)^1	14,086	4.64	–4.23	1	–1
	Vox (Vox)	4,020	1.32	New	0	±0
	Equo Greens–Basque Country Greens (Equo Berdeak–Verdes)	3,439	1.13	New	0	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA)	1,357	0.45	–0.29	0	±0
	Blank Seats (EB/AZ)	911	0.30	New	0	±0
	Zero Cuts–The Greens–Municipalists (Recortes Cero–LV–M)	362	0.12	–0.11	0	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	208	0.07	New	0	±0
	Libertarian Party (P–LIB)	176	0.06	New	0	±0
	Free for the Basque Country (LxE/EaL)	171	0.06	New	0	±0
	Spanish Christian Democratic Union (UCDE)	121	0.04	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,874	0.95	+0.33
Total		303,669			25	±0
Valid votes		303,669	99.50	–0.19
Invalid votes		1,531	0.50	+0.19
Votes cast / turnout		305,200	52.18	–7.20
Abstentions		279,706	47.82	+7.20
Registered voters		584,906
Sources[10]

2016 regional election

Summary of the 25 September 2016 Basque Parliament election results in Gipuzkoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	117,260	34.09	+2.51	9	±0
	Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)	98,663	28.68	–3.08	8	–1
	United We Can (Podemos, Ezker Anitza–IU, Equo)^1	48,800	14.19	+10.79	3	+3
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	40,425	11.75	–7.27	3	–2
	People's Party (PP)	24,766	7.20	–1.21	2	±0
	Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)	5,730	1.67	New	0	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA)	2,535	0.74	+0.37	0	±0
	Let's Win the Basque Country: Yes We Can (Ganemos Irabazi)	1,856	0.54	New	0	±0
	Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)	806	0.23	New	0	±0
	Family and Life Party (PFyV)	805	0.23	New	0	±0
	Navarrese Freedom (Ln)	191	0.06	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,119	0.62	–0.68
Total		343,956			25	±0
Valid votes		343,956	99.69	+0.27
Invalid votes		1,064	0.31	–0.27
Votes cast / turnout		345,020	59.38	–3.90
Abstentions		236,002	40.62	+3.90
Registered voters		581,022
Sources[10][11]

2012 regional election

Summary of the 21 October 2012 Basque Parliament election results in Gipuzkoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)^1	115,086	31.76	+16.41	9	+6
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	114,446	31.58	–4.91	9	–1
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	68,915	19.02	–11.16	5	–3
	People's Party (PP)	30,461	8.41	–2.05	2	–1
	United Left–The Greens: Plural Left (IU–LV)	9,630	2.66	New	0	±0
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	5,231	1.44	–0.29	0	±0
	United Left–Greens (EB–B)	5,040	1.39	–2.27	0	–1
	Blank Seats (EB/AZ)	3,573	0.99	New	0	±0
	Equo Greens–Basque Ecologists (Equo)^2	2,682	0.74	+0.18	0	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA)	1,345	0.37	New	0	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	679	0.19	–0.15	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	335	0.09	New	0	±0
	Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)	223	0.06	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		4,721	1.30	+0.07
Total		362,367			25	±0
Valid votes		362,367	99.42	+12.91
Invalid votes		2,099	0.58	–12.91
Votes cast / turnout		364,466	63.28	+1.52
Abstentions		211,469	36.72	–1.52
Registered voters		575,935
Sources[10][11]

2009 regional election

Summary of the 1 March 2009 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)^1	112,101	36.49	n/a	10	+4
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	92,714	30.18	+10.04	8	+3
	People's Party (PP)	32,123	10.46	–2.76	3	±0
	Aralar (Aralar)	31,262	10.18	+6.25	2	+1
	Basque Solidarity (EA)^1	15,885	5.17	n/a	1	–3
	United Left–Greens (EB–B)	11,240	3.66	–1.55	1	±0
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	5,327	1.73	New	0	±0
	The Greens (B/LV)	1,708	0.56	New	0	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	1,048	0.34	New	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK)	n/a	n/a	–18.09	0	–5
Blank ballots		3,793	1.23	+0.50
Total		307,201			25	±0
Valid votes		307,201	86.51	–13.19
Invalid votes		47,908	13.49	+13.19
Votes cast / turnout		355,109	61.76	–5.86
Abstentions		219,875	36.72	+5.86
Registered voters		574,984
Sources[10][11]

2005 regional election

Summary of the 17 April 2005 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA)	148,884	38.02	–6.31	10	–2
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	78,871	20.14	+4.01	5	+1
	Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK)^1	70,834	18.09	+2.97	5	+1
	People's Party (PP)	51,780	13.22	–4.82	3	–1
	United Left–Greens (EB–B)^2	20,388	5.21	+0.04	1	±0
	Aralar (Aralar)	15,396	3.93	New	1	+1
	Greens–Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (B–PACMA)	1,333	0.34	New	0	±0
	Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)	621	0.16	New	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	500	0.13	–0.14	0	±0
	Alavese Unity (UA)	136	0.03	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,851	0.73	–0.07
Total		391,594			25	±0
Valid votes		391,594	99.70	+0.13
Invalid votes		1,182	0.30	–0.13
Votes cast / turnout		392,776	67.62	–11.06
Abstentions		188,124	32.38	+11.06
Registered voters		580,900
Sources[10][11]

2001 regional election

Summary of the 13 May 2001 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA)^1	203,445	44.33	+8.69	12	+2
	People's Party (PP)^2	82,792	18.04	+1.49	4	±0
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	74,042	16.13	+0.09	4	±0
	Basque Citizens (EH)	69,409	15.12	–10.09	4	–3
	United Left (IU/EB)	23,731	5.17	+0.58	1	+1
	Humanist Party (PH)	1,252	0.27	+0.02	0	±0
	Carlist Party (EKA/PC)	310	0.07	New	0	±0
	Freedom (Askatasuna)	269	0.06	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		3,669	0.80	–0.61
Total		458,919			25	±0
Valid votes		458,919	99.57	+0.03
Invalid votes		1,969	0.43	–0.03
Votes cast / turnout		460,888	78.68	+8.63
Abstentions		124,862	21.32	–8.63
Registered voters		585,750
Sources[10][11]

1998 regional election

Summary of the 25 October 1998 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Citizens (EH)^1	103,057	25.21	+2.08	7	+1
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	88,857	21.74	–0.56	6	±0
	People's Party (PP)	67,112	16.42	+4.54	4	+1
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	65,548	16.04	–0.34	4	±0
	Basque Solidarity (EA)	56,821	13.90	–2.82	4	±0
	United Left (IU/EB)	18,744	4.59	–2.49	0	–2
	Natural Law Party (PLN/LNA)	1,339	0.33	New	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	1,009	0.25	New	0	±0
	Alavese Unity (UA)	520	0.13	–0.13	0	±0
Blank ballots		5,770	1.41	–0.74
Total		408,777			25	±0
Valid votes		408,777	99.54	+0.09
Invalid votes		1,870	0.46	–0.09
Votes cast / turnout		410,647	70.05	+11.92
Abstentions		175,539	29.95	–11.92
Registered voters		586,186
Sources[10][11]

1994 regional election

Summary of the 23 October 1994 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Popular Unity (HB)	75,294	23.13	–0.45	6	±0
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	72,602	22.30	+1.93	6	±0
	Basque Solidarity (EA)	54,426	16.72	–1.27	4	–1
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))^1	53,320	16.38	–11.45	4	–3
	People's Party (PP)	38,677	11.88	+5.46	3	+2
	United Left (IU/EB)	23,042	7.08	+6.07	2	+2
	Alavese Unity (UA)	839	0.26	+0.22	0	±0
	Coalition for a New Socialist Party (NPS)^2	375	0.12	+0.08	0	±0
Blank ballots		7,001	2.15	+1.29
Total		325,576			25	±0
Valid votes		325,576	99.45	–0.14
Invalid votes		1,790	0.55	+0.14
Votes cast / turnout		327,366	58.13	–3.94
Abstentions		235,841	41.87	+3.94
Registered voters		563,207
Sources[10][11]

1990 regional election

Summary of the 28 October 1990 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Popular Unity (HB)	79,224	23.58	+1.97	6	±0
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	68,457	20.37	+4.39	6	+2
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)	63,922	19.02	–0.92	5	–1
	Basque Solidarity (EA)	60,449	17.99	–5.14	5	–1
	Basque Country Left (EE)	29,596	8.81	–3.05	2	–1
	People's Party (PP)^1	21,556	6.42	+2.85	1	+1
	United Left (IU/EB)	3,380	1.01	+0.67	0	±0
	Basque Country Greens (EHB)	1,242	0.37	New	0	±0
	The Ecologist Greens (LVE)	1,181	0.35	New	0	±0
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	1,175	0.35	–2.04	0	±0
	Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE)	1,020	0.30	New	0	±0
	Workers' Socialist Party (PST)	667	0.20	+0.08	0	±0
	Socialist Democracy (DS)	496	0.15	New	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	254	0.08	±0.00	0	±0
	Revolutionary Communist League–Communist Movement (LKI–EMK)	230	0.07	New	0	±0
	Alliance for the Republic (AxR)^2	144	0.04	–0.05	0	±0
	Alavese Unity (UA)	134	0.04	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,891	0.86	+0.48
Total		336,018			25	±0
Valid votes		336,018	99.59	+0.31
Invalid votes		1,367	0.41	–0.31
Votes cast / turnout		337,385	62.07	–7.06
Abstentions		206,204	37.93	+7.06
Registered voters		543,589
Sources[10][11]

1986 regional election

Summary of the 30 November 1986 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Solidarity (EA)	85,905	23.13	New	6	+6
	Popular Unity (HB)	80,255	21.61	+2.88	6	+1
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)	74,040	19.94	–2.11	6	±0
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	59,339	15.98	–24.81	4	–7
	Basque Country Left (EE)	44,030	11.86	+2.97	3	+1
	People's Alliance–Liberal Party (AP–PL)^1	13,258	3.57	–3.19	0	–1
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	8,863	2.39	New	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)	1,391	0.37	–0.55	0	±0
	United Left (IU/EB)	1,266	0.34	New	0	±0
	Republican Popular Unity (UPR)^2	562	0.15	+0.08	0	±0
	Workers' Socialist Party (PST)	457	0.12	New	0	±0
	Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)	325	0.09	New	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	307	0.08	New	0	±0
Blank ballots^3		1,406	0.38	–0.01
Total		371,404			25	±0
Valid votes		371,404	99.28	–0.16
Invalid votes		2,676	0.72	+0.16
Votes cast / turnout		374,080	69.13	–0.24
Abstentions		167,030	30.87	+0.24
Registered voters		541,110
Sources[10][11]

1984 regional election

Summary of the 26 February 1984 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	144,684	40.79	+3.53	11	+2
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)	78,208	22.05	+8.29	6	+3
	Popular Unity (HB)	66,443	18.73	+1.15	5	+1
	Basque Country Left (EE)	31,538	8.89	–4.56	2	–1
	People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL)^1	23,994	6.76	+4.09	1	+1
	Neighborhood Labor (Auzolan)^2	4,989	1.41	–0.80	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)	3,247	0.92	–2.10	0	±0
	Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))	252	0.07	New	0	±0
	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	N/A		–7.56	0	–1
Blank ballots^3		1,387	0.39	+0.12
Total		354,742			25	+5
Valid votes		354,742	99.44	+0.30
Invalid votes		2,001	0.56	–0.30
Votes cast / turnout		356,743	69.37	+11.40
Abstentions		157,488	30.63	–11.40
Registered voters		514,231
Sources[10][11]

1980 regional election

Summary of the 9 March 1980 Basque Parliament election results in Guipúzcoa

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	111,411	37.26	n/a	9	n/a
	People's Unity (HB)	52,559	17.58	n/a	4	n/a
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)	41,148	13.76	n/a	3	n/a
	Basque Country Left (EE)	40,210	13.45	n/a	3	n/a
	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	22,598	7.56	n/a	1	n/a
	Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)	9,017	3.02	n/a	0	n/a
	People's Alliance (AP)	7,975	2.67	n/a	0	n/a
	Communist Movement of the Basque Country (EMK/MCE)	4,508	1.51	n/a	0	n/a
	Basque Socialists' Unity Force (ESEI)	3,571	1.19	n/a	0	n/a
	Revolutionary Communist League (LKI/LCR)	2,092	0.70	n/a	0	n/a
	Workers' Party of the Basque Country (ORT–PTE)	1,318	0.44	n/a	0	n/a
	Carlist Party (EKA/PC)	1,289	0.43	n/a	0	n/a
	Communist Unity (UC)	546	0.18	n/a	0	n/a
Blank ballots		797	0.27	n/a
Total		299,039			20	n/a
Valid votes		299,039	99.14	n/a
Invalid votes		2,579	0.86	n/a
Votes cast / turnout		301,618	57.97	n/a
Abstentions		218,698	42.03	n/a
Registered voters		520,316
Sources[10][11]

References

1. "Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por provincias y por sexo". ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
2. "Elecciones al Parlamento del País Vasco y al Parlamento de Galicia del 12 de julio de 2020" (PDF). www.ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. 22 May 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
3. "Ley Orgánica 3/1979, de 18 de diciembre, de Estatuto de Autonomía para el País Vasco". Organic Law No. 3 of 18 December 1979. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 July 2017.
4. "Ley 28/1983, de 25 de noviembre, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco". Law No. 28 of 25 November 1983. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 August 2017.
5. "Ley 5/1990, de 15 de junio, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco". Law No. 5 of 15 June 1990. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 July 2017.
6. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
7. Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
8. "Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales". Royal Decree-Law No. 20 of 18 March 1977. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 December 2019.
9. "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 January 2020.
10. "Election Results Archive". euskadi.eus (in Spanish). Basque Government. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
11. "Basque Parliament elections since 1980". historiaelectoral.com (in Spanish). Electoral History. Retrieved 24 September 2017.