Doubs

Doubs (French: [du] (listen); Francoprovençal: Dubs) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in Eastern France. Named after the Doubs River, it had a population of 538,549 in 2016. Its prefecture is Besançon and subprefectures are Montbéliard and Pontarlier.

This article is about the French department. For the commune in this department, see Doubs, Doubs. For other uses, see Doubs (disambiguation).

Doubs

Dubs  (Arpitan)
Department of France
Prefecture building in Besançon
Location of Doubs in France
Coordinates: 47°10′N 06°25′E
CountryFrance
RegionBourgogne-Franche-Comté
PrefectureBesançon
SubprefecturesMontbéliard
Pontarlier
Government
 • President of the Departmental CouncilChristine Bouquin (DVD)
Area
 • Total5,232.6 km2 (2,020.3 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)
 • Total539,067
 • Rank50th
 • Density100/km2 (270/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number25
Arrondissements3
Cantons19
Communes573
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2

History
Main article: Franche-Comté

As early as the 13th century, inhabitants of the northern two-thirds of Doubs spoke Franc-Comtois, a dialect of the langues d'oïl. Residents of the southern third of Doubs spoke a dialect of the Arpitan language. Both languages co-existed with French, the official language of law and commerce, and continued to be spoken frequently in rural areas into the 20th century. They are both still spoken today but not on a daily basis.

Doubs was important as a portal to Switzerland through the pass at Cluse de Pontarlier. Many famous people, including Mirabeau, Toussaint Louverture and Heinrich von Kleist, were imprisoned in the Château de Joux.

Doubs is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from part of the former province of Franche-Comté. The prefecture (capital) is Besançon.

In 1793, the republic of Mandeure was annexed by France and incorporated into the department. This district was passed between various territories and departments in the ensuing administrative reorganisations and wars, but was restored to Doubs in 1816 when the former principality of Montbéliard was also added to the department.

However, the commune of Le Cerneux-Péquignot was annexed by the Canton of Neuchâtel under the terms of the 1814 Treaty of Paris, and since remained Swiss territory.

Between the defeat of France at the Battle of Waterloo and November 1818, Doubs was included in the area occupied by Austrian troops.

Victor Hugo, Gustave Courbet, and Auguste and Louis Lumière are among the famous people born in Doubs.

Geography

Doubs is part of the current region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and is surrounded by the French departments of Jura, Haute-Saône, and Territoire de Belfort, and the Swiss cantons of Vaud, Neuchâtel, and Jura.

The department is dominated by the Jura mountains, which rise east of Besançon.

Politics

The President of the Departmental Council is Christine Bouquin (DVD).

Partyseats
• The Republicans24
Socialist Party14

Current National Assembly Representatives
ConstituencyMember[1]Party
Doubs's 1st constituency Fannette Charvier La République En Marche!
Doubs's 2nd constituency Éric Alauzet La République En Marche!
Doubs's 3rd constituency Denis Sommer La République En Marche!
Doubs's 4th constituency Frédéric Barbier La République En Marche!
Doubs's 5th constituency Annie Genevard The Republicans

Demographics

The inhabitants of the department are called Doubiens.

Population development since 1791:

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1791219,642—    
1801216,226−0.16%
1806226,040+0.89%
1821242,663+0.47%
1831265,535+0.90%
1841286,236+0.75%
1851296,679+0.36%
1861296,280−0.01%
1872291,251−0.16%
1881310,827+0.73%
1891303,081−0.25%
1901298,864−0.14%
1911299,935+0.04%
1921285,022−0.51%
1931305,500+0.70%
1936304,812−0.05%
1946298,255−0.22%
1954327,187+1.16%
1962384,881+2.05%
1968426,363+1.72%
1975471,082+1.44%
1982477,163+0.18%
1990484,770+0.20%
1999499,062+0.32%
2006516,823+0.50%
2016538,549+0.41%
source:[2]

Economy

The Doubs department is at the same time the greenest and the most industrialized in France.

It is the birthplace of the automotive manufacturer Peugeot.

Tourism

The castle of Joux and Besançon are important tourist destinations.

See also

Bibliography
  • Hoffmann, Michael, Die französischen Konservativen in der katholischen Provinz Parteigenese und politische Kultur im Doubs (1900–1930) (Frankfurt am Main u.a., Peter Lang, 2008) (Moderne Geschichte und Politik, 22).

References
  1. http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/
  2. Site sur la Population et les Limites Administratives de la France
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