White City, Greater Manchester
White City is a retail park on Chester Road in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, England. At the southeast corner of the docks area and southeast of Manchester United's ground, it is the site of the former Manchester Botanic Gardens which hosted the Art Treasures Exhibition of 1857. The gateway of the Botanic Gardens still stands at the edge of the retail park. During its history, White City has also been the site of an amusement park and a sports stadium for athletics, greyhound and stock car racing.[1]
History of the site
In 1827 the Botanical and Horticultural Society was founded in Manchester to encourage the study of botany and horticulture.[2] The society built a botanical garden on the site covering 16 acres (65,000 m2). The site was chosen by John Dalton for the society as it was down-wind of pollution from the city. The land, which was owned by Thomas de Trafford, was leased to the society at a price of the society's choosing.[3][4]
The gardens featured a complex of plant houses and a conservatory that was built by Clarke and Jones of Birmingham. The building was 321 feet (98 m) in length and the conservatory had a 40 feet (12 m) high dome. The buildings were heated by a system of hot water flowing through pipes.[4][5] The Grade II listed gateway that still faces Chester Road was the entrance to the gardens.[6]
In 1857 the gardens hosted the Art Treasures Exhibition which was opened by Prince Albert. The exhibition was visited by 1.3million visitors in 142-days. A further exhibition was held in 1887 to celebrate Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee. This exhibition attracted 4.74 million people over 192-days.[4]
By the end of the 19th century, interest in the gardens was waning as the wealthy were moving away from the city centre. In 1907, part of the garden's site was leased to White City Limited, a company set up by Heathcote and Brown. The company opened the "White City Amusement Park" on the site on 20 May 1907.[7]
The remaining 11 acres (45,000 m2) was sold to Canine Sports Ltd on 1 November 1927 for the construction of a stadium.[4] The site held its first motorcycle speedway race on 16 July 1928. With the stadium being completed and greyhound racing starting in 1930.[8] In July 1953, a 6-lane cinder track for athletics was made. The stadium was sold to a developer at the end of 1981, it was left vacant, fell into disrepair and closed in 1982.[8]
Stadium
The stadium ran as a greyhound track from 1927 until 1982, speedway from 1928–1932 and stock cars from 1972–1982.
References
Notes
- http://manchesterhistory.net/manchester/gone/whitecity.html
- Worthington 2002, p. 261
- Percy & Timbs 1832, pp. 129–130
- Archive of the Royal Botanical and Horticultural Society of Manchester and the Northern Counties, Archives Hub, retrieved 3 December 2010
- Love 1839, pp. 121–123
- Entrance Portal And Lodges To Former White City Greyhound Track, Heritage Gateway, retrieved 3 December 2010
- http://manchesterhistory.net/whitecity/amusementpark.html
- http://manchesterhistory.net/whitecity/stock.html
Bibliography
- Love, Benjamin (1839), Manchester as it is, Love and Barton
- Percy, Reuben; Timbs, John (3 March 1832), The Mirror of literature, amusement, and instruction, 19, J. Limbird
- Worthington, Barry (2002), Discovering Manchester, Sigma Leisure, ISBN 978-1-85058-774-3
See also
- Art Treasures Exhibition, Manchester 1857
- Botanical Gardens Cricket Ground
- Royal Jubilee Exhibition, Manchester 1887
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