West Ham (UK Parliament constituency)

West Ham is a constituency[n 1] created in 1997 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2005 by Lyn Brown, a member of the Labour Party.[n 2]

West Ham
Borough constituency for the House of Commons
Boundary of West Ham in Greater London
County	Greater London
Electorate	86,400 (December 2010)[1]
Major settlements	Canning Town, Forest Gate, Maryland Plaistow, Stratford and West Ham
Current constituency
Created	1997
Member of Parliament	Lyn Brown (Labour)
Number of members	One
Created from	Newham North West, Newham South

Boundaries

1997–2010: The London Borough of Newham wards of Bemersyde, Forest Gate, Hudsons, New Town, Park, Plaistow, Plashet, Stratford, Upton, and West Ham.

2010–present: The London Borough of Newham wards of Canning Town North, Canning Town South, Custom House, Forest Gate North, Forest Gate South, Green Street West, Plaistow North, Plaistow South, Stratford and New Town, and West Ham.

The constituency covers the western half of Newham stretching from the Thames just east of Canary Wharf to Stratford. The boundary changes that took effect for the 2010 general election expanded the constituency by adding Canning Town from the abolished Poplar and Canning Town constituency, whilst losing Silvertown to the redrawn East Ham. The boundary with the East Ham constituency was modified to align with local government ward boundaries.[2]

History

The seat was created in 1997 by the fourth periodic review (following the first such review in 1945), undertaken by the Boundary Commission, from portions of the Newham North West and Newham South seats.

The area's elections to date, including both forerunner seats have returned safe majorities for the Labour Party since the last Conservative for the smaller, denser divisions from 1931-1934;[n 3] going back further, West Ham South had in 1892 sent Keir Hardie to the Commons who co-founded the party.

Banks held this seat at the 2001 general election with nearly 70% of the vote and a local record majority of 53.5% of the vote.

The 2010 result, not only on the notional result, accommodating boundary changes, but also on predecessor-successor seat analysis shows that the main beneficiary of the runner-up Respect vote, as they did not have a candidate in that year, was the Labour candidate. The 2015 result made the seat the 14th safest of Labour's 232 seats by percentage of majority.[3]

The first member Tony Banks served the main predecessor seat, Newham North West from 1983 until his retirement in 2005, and was Minister for Sport (1997-1999).

Constituency profile

Helped by proximity to the City of London and exporting businesses in areas such as Hackney, Shoreditch and the Thames Gateway, the area is only gradually recovering in terms of employment rates from the deep East End decline, particularly decline of the dockers' industry here of the 1950s to the 1980s, with an immediate boost from the 2010 creation of the London Olympic Village and Park. In November 2012, workless claimants who were registered jobseekers were significantly higher than the national average of 3.8%, at 7.7% of the population based on a statistical compilation by The Guardian, though not the highest in London. Within this figure is a skew toward male unemployment which was at 9.8%[4]

Now that the Olympic stadium has become West Ham United's home the club is located in the constituency that shares its name; their previous ground at Upton Park was actually in the neighbouring East Ham seat.

Demographics

In the 1991 census just over 43% of residents were non-white.[5] By the time of the 2001 census, people who identified as white made up 44.1% of the population and 35.3% of residents were born outside the UK, and in the 2011 census the borough saw an increase in those of mixed colour ethnicity, at 4.6% and saw the lowest proportion of people of solely white ethnicity at 29.0%, the figure for those of black ethnicity had fallen to 19.6%, and those of South Asian ethnicity had risen to 43.5% of the population.[6][7]

In terms of religion the British Asian population is more than 50% Muslim in this constituency. By the time of the 2005 general election, only seven of the 646 constituencies had more Muslims than West Ham.[8] Respect fielded a candidate for the 2005 election, hoping to benefit from opposition to the Iraq war; in the end this was not enough to unseat Labour's replacement for Banks, Lyn Brown, but Respect managed to take nearly 20% of the vote.[8]

Members of Parliament

Election		Member[9]	Party
	1997	Tony Banks	Labour
	2005	Lyn Brown	Labour

Election results

Elections in the 2010s

2019 general election: West Ham[10]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Lyn Brown	42,181	70.1	-6.7
	Conservative	Sara Kumar	9,793	16.3	+0.1
	Liberal Democrats	Eimear O’Casey	4,161	6.9	+3.9
	Green	Danny Keeling	1,780	3.0	+1.4
	Brexit Party	Emma Stockdale	1,679	2.8	N/A
	Christian Peoples Alliance	Paul Jobson	463	0.8	+0.2
	Communities United	Humera Kamran	143	0.2	N/A
Majority			32,388	53.8	-6.7
Turnout			60,234	61.5	-4.2
Registered electors			97,942
	Labour hold		Swing	-3.4

2017 general election: West Ham[11][12] [13]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Lyn Brown	46,591	76.7	+8.3
	Conservative	Patrick Spencer	9,837	16.2	+0.8
	Liberal Democrats	Paul Reynolds	1,836	3.0	+0.3
	UKIP	Rosamund Beattie	1,134	1.9	-5.6
	Green	Michael Spracklin	957	1.6	-3.4
	Christian Peoples Alliance	Kayode Shedowo	353	0.6	-0.1
Majority			36,754	60.5	+7.5
Turnout			60,708	65.7	+7.5
Registered electors			92,418
	Labour hold		Swing	+3.8

2015 general election: West Ham[14]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Lyn Brown	36,132	68.4	+5.8
	Conservative	Festus Akinbusoye	8,146	15.4	+0.8
	UKIP	Jamie Ross-McKenzie[15]	3,950	7.5	+5.9
	Green	Rachel Collinson[16]	2,651	5.0	+3.6
	Liberal Democrats	Paul Reynolds[17]	1,430	2.7	-8.8
	Christian Peoples Alliance	Andy Uzoka	369	0.7	-2.1
	Communities United	Cydatty Bogie	115	0.2	+0.2
Majority			27,986	53.0	+5.0
Turnout			52,793	58.2	+3.2
Registered electors			90,640
	Labour hold		Swing	+2.5

2010 general election: West Ham

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Lyn Brown	29,422	62.7	+10.9[n 4]
	Conservative	Virginia Morris	6,888	14.7	+2.6
	Liberal Democrats	Martin Pierce	5,392	11.5	+1.3
	Christian Peoples Alliance	Stan Gain	1,327	2.8	+1.7
	Independent	Kamran Malik	1,245	2.7	N/A
	National Front	Michael Davidson	1,089	2.3	N/A
	UKIP	Kim Gandy	766	1.6	+0.6
	Green	Jane Lithgow	645	1.4	-1.6
	Independent	Grace Agbogun-Toko	177	0.4	N/A
Majority			22,534	48.0	+16.3
Turnout			46,951	55.0	+10.2
Registered electors			85,313
	Labour hold		Swing	+4.2

The Green Party originally selected Jane Lithgow as their candidate for the 2010 election.[18]

Elections in the 2000s

2005 general election: West Ham

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Lyn Brown	15,840	51.2	-18.7
	Respect	Lindsey German	6,039	19.5	N/A
	Conservative	Chris L. Whitbread	3,618	11.7	-4.7
	Liberal Democrats	Alexandra E. Sugden	3,364	10.9	+3.5
	Green	Jane A. Lithgow	894	2.9	-1.2
	Christian Peoples Alliance	Stephen C. Hammond	437	1.4	N/A
	UKIP	Henry E.B. Mayhew	409	1.3	-0.9
	Veritas	Generoso Alcantara	365	1.2	N/A
Majority			9,801	31.7	-21.8
Turnout			30,966	49.8	+0.9
Registered electors			62,188
	Labour hold		Swing	-19.1

2001 general election: West Ham

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Tony Banks	20,449	69.9	-3.0
	Conservative	Syed Kamall	4,804	16.4	+1.4
	Liberal Democrats	Paul J. Fox	2,166	7.4	+0.0
	Green	Jackie M. Chandler-Oatts	1,197	4.1	N/A
	UKIP	Gerard Batten	657	2.2	N/A
Majority			15,645	53.5	-4.4
Turnout			29,273	48.9	-9.5
Registered electors			59,828
	Labour hold		Swing	-2.2

Elections in the 1990s

1997 general election: West Ham

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Tony Banks	24,531	72.9	N/A
	Conservative	Mark MacGregor	5,037	15.0	N/A
	Liberal Democrats	Samantha L.C. McDonough	2,479	7.4	N/A
	BNP	Kenneth Francis	1,198	3.6	N/A
	Monster Raving Loony	Toby Jug	300	0.9	N/A
	Rainbow Dream Ticket	Jonathan P. Rainbow	116	0.3	N/A
Majority			14,494	57.9	N/A
Turnout			33,361	58.5	N/A
Registered electors			57,589
	Labour win (new seat)

See also

• List of Parliamentary constituencies in Greater London

Notes and references

Notes

1. A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
2. As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
3. Upton
4. Percentages are notional (based on extrapolation from combining two whole constituency results overlaid onto the redrawn constituency), with the Canning Town vote therefore deemed to be slightly stronger towards Labour rather than the Conservative and Liberal Democrat parties than in the non-identical seat in 2005.

References

1. "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
2. "Boundary Commission for England Fifth Periodical Report Cm 7032" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-08-04.
3. List of Labour MPs elected in 2015 by % majority UK Political.info. Retrieved 2017-01-29
4. Unemployment claimants by constituency The Guardian
5. "West Ham profile, BBC Vote 2001, accessed 25 January 2010". BBC News. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
6. "2011 census interactive maps". Archived from the original on January 29, 2016.
7. "UK polling report". UK polling report. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
8. Casciani, Dominic (2005-05-06). "Muslim vote shifts against Labour, BBC Vote 2005". BBC News. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
9. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "W" (part 2)
10. "West Ham Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
11. "West Ham parliamentary constituency". BBC News.
12. "Research Briefings" (PDF). UK Parliament.
13. "West Ham - UK Parliament Constituency - Election Polling". www.electionpolling.co.uk.
14. "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
15. "UKIP Election Leaflet". 25 April 2015. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-22.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
17. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-02-20. Retrieved 2015-02-20.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
18. "Jane Lithgow". Yournextmp.com. Retrieved 2016-08-04.

External links

• Politics Resources (Election results from 1922 onwards)
• Electoral Calculus (Election results from 1955 onwards)
• BBC Election 2005: West Ham