Weather beacon

A weather beacon is a beacon that indicates the local weather forecast in a code of colored or flashing lights. Often, a short poem or jingle accompanies the code to make it easier to remember.[1][2]

"Weatherball" redirects here. For the antenna-protecting structure, see Radome.

Weather beacon barometer atop the Westpac Place building in Sydney

The beacon is usually on the roof of a tall building in a central business district, but some are attached to towers. The beacons are most commonly owned by financial services companies and television stations and are part of advertising and public relations programs. They provide a very basic forecast for the general public and not as an aid to navigation.

In addition to displaying weather forecasts, some weather beacons have been used to signal victory or defeat for a professional sports home team.

History

Precursors

In 1898 on the orders of U.S. President William McKinley, coastal warning display towers were installed along the coast of the United States. In 1936, the Weather Girl sculptures were installed in City Hall Square in Copenhagen. In 1938, Douglas Leigh, designed a Coca-Cola billboard with a weather forecast display at Columbus Circle in New York City.[3]

Weather beacons

The first attempt to create a weather beacon as a form of advertising was from Douglas Leigh, who, in 1941, arranged a lighting scheme for the Empire State Building to display a weather forecast code with a decoder to be packaged with Coca-Cola bottles. The plan was never implemented because of the attack on Pearl Harbor later that year.[4] Leigh resurrected his idea in Minneapolis in October 1949 with the Northwestern National Bank Weatherball.[5]

In Australia, the Mutual Life and Citizens insurance company installed weather beacons atop its buildings in 1957 and 1958.[6]

Weather beacons were most popular during the 1950s and 1960s.

Similar devices

• Coastal warning display tower
• Signal station
• Time ball
• Paris balloon
• Hibernia Bank Building (New Orleans)
• Harbinger at The Met Condos, Toronto, is a colored beacon on the roof that indicates the current wind speed.[7]

List of weather beacons

Australia

• New South Wales
  • St. George Co-operative Building Society, Hurstville (16 March 1973 − ????)
  • MLC Building, 105 North Miller Street, North Sydney (31 December 1957 − ????)[8]
  • Westpac Place, Sydney[9]
• Queensland
  • Hitachi Building (MLC Building), 239 George Street, Brisbane (1976 – 6pm, 26 November 2007)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  • Old MLC Building, 243 Edward Street, Brisbane (28 July 1958 – ????; non-functioning)
• South Australia
  • MLC Building (now Beacon House), Victoria Square, Adelaide (June 1958 – December 1979)[16][17]
• Victoria
  • Carlton & United Brewery, Abbotsford (May 1958 − ????)[6]
  • IOOF Building (formerly MLC), 303 Collins Street, Melbourne (1973 – ????; non-functioning)[6][18]
  • 888 Collins Street, Melbourne (2016 − present)[19]
• Western Australia
  • MLC Building (now Kingsgate Apartments), 171 St Georges Terrace, Perth (October 1957 – ????; dismantled)

Austria

• Wetterleuchtturm, Ringturm, Vienna

Belgium

• Who's afraid of Red, Green and Blue: Weather Tower, Dexia Tower, Brussels (22 October 2007 – 22 December 2007)[20]

Canada

• Capilano Brewery, 1550 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia (1953 − ????)[21]
• White Rose weather beacon, 570 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba (25 June 1964 − ????)
• Kitchener City Hall, Kitchener, Ontario
• Canada Life Building, Toronto, Ontario (9 August 1951 – present)
• Canada Life, 505 Boulevard René-Lévesque Ouest, Montreal, Quebec (12 April 1956 – January 1976)[22][23][24][25][26]
• The Plains Hotel, Regina, Saskatchewan (???? − 2011)[27][28]

China

• Gutzlaff Signal Tower, Shanghai

Denmark

• vejrpigen (Weather Girl), Richshuset, The City Hall Square, Copenhagen (1936 − present)
• Tomorrow's Weather, Aller Media, Havneholmen, Copenhagen[29] (2009 − present)

Finland

• Näsinneula tower, Tampere

Germany

• Wettersäule Aachen[30]

Japan

• Tempozan Ferris Wheel, Osaka[31]

Russia

• Boiler House Weather Beacon, Ufa[32]

Sweden

• Tomorrow's Weather, Stockholm Central Station, Stockholm[33]

Turkey

• Beyazıt Tower, Istanbul[34]

United Kingdom

• Light Towers Project (Coventry Point, Mercia House, Hillman House), Coventry[35][36][37]
• Castlemilk Lighting Project, Castlemilk, Glasgow[38]
• Empire Square Tower, Southwark, London[39][40][41]

United States

• Arizona
  • St. Luke's Medical Center, Phoenix (1960 − February 1969 on The Arizona Bank; March 1969 − ????; dismantled)
• California
  • Mattei Building (formerly Guarantee Savings), Fresno (1965 – 1994)[42][43]
  • ABC10 Weather Tower, KXTV, Sacramento (24 August 2001 – 2014; non-functioning)[44]
  • One Rincon Hill South Tower, San Francisco (8 December 2008 – present)[45]
• Colorado
  • National Farmers Union, 1575 Sherman Street, Denver (1956 − 1970; dismantled)[46]
• Florida
  • Mercantile National Bank, 420 Lincoln Road, Miami Beach (23 February 1957 − ????; dismantled)
  • American Federal Savings and Loan Association weather ball, Fidelity Storage building, 53 W. Jackson St., Orlando (1963 – 1974; dismantled)[47][48]
  • First Federal Savings & Loan, Fourth Street and Central Avenue, St. Petersburg (1953 – 6 April 1970; dismantled)
• Illinois
  • Weather Bell, Bell Federal Savings (now Walgreens), 79 West Monroe Street, Chicago (???? − present)[49][50][51]
    • Bell Federal Savings branch office, 180 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago (???? − 1996; dismantled)
  • WLS-TV Thermometer, Marina City, Chicago (1964 – 1978; dismantled)[52]
  • WFRL weather beacon, State Bank Center, 50 West Douglas Street, Freeport (1974 − ????; dismantled)
• Iowa
  • KCCI, Des Moines (1960 − 1973, 1988 − 2012; non-functioning)[53][54]
  • American Trust Tower, Dubuque (???? − present)[55][56]
  • KCAU-TV Weather Ball, Terra Centre, Sioux City (???? − present)[57]
  • National Bank of Waterloo, 315 East Fifth Street, Waterloo (???? − ????; dismantled)
• Kentucky
  • WLWT Weather Lights, Cincinnati Radisson, Covington[58]
  • Tomorrow's Weather, 21c Museum Hotel, Lexington (2016 − present)[59][60]
• Louisiana
  • Falstaff Brewery Weather Ball, 2601 Gravier St, New Orleans (1 August 1952 – 7 December 1978; 2008 – present)[61][62][63][64]
• Massachusetts
  • Berkeley Building, Boston (15 March 1950 – present)[65]
• Michigan
  • Citizens Bank (currently Huntington Bank) Weatherball, Flint (30 October 1956 – present)[66]
  • 13 Weatherball, WZZM-TV, Grand Rapids (August 1967 – 1987 as Michigan National Bank; 2003 – present)[67][68][69][70]
• Minnesota
  • KCCO Weatherball, Alexandria (???? − March 2006)
  • WEBC Weather Beacon, 331 W. Superior Street, Duluth[71]
  • Northwestern National Bank Weatherball, Minneapolis (7 October 1949 – 25 November 1982; dismantled)[72][73][74][75][76][77]
    • Nicollet Island/East Bank branch office, 430 East Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis (dismantled)
    • Riverside branch office, 401 Cedar Avenue, Minneapolis (dismantled)
    • Uptown branch office, 3006 Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis (dismantled)
    • Hastings branch office, 111 E. 3rd Street, Hastings (dismantled)
    • Montevideo branch office, 109 N. 1st Street, Montevideo (dismantled)
    • Rochester branch office, 15 2nd Street, SW, Rochester (dismantled)[78]
    • Saint Paul branch office, 360 Robert Street N, Saint Paul (dismantled)[79]
    • Sauk Rapids branch office, 24 N. Benton Drive, Sauk Rapids (15 September 1961 − ????; dismantled)[80]
  • WCCO-TV Weather Watcher, Nicollet Mall, Minneapolis (29 November 2013 − present)
• Missouri
  • Business Men's Assurance Company (BMA) weather beacon, 215 W. Pershing Road, Kansas City (dismantled)[81][82][83]
  • KCTV Tower, Kansas City (1970s − 2001)
  • Terra Cotta Lofts (formerly occupied by the Missouri State Life Insurance Company and later the General American Life Insurance Company[84]), 1501 Locust Street, St. Louis (1956 – 1979; non-functioning)[85][86][87][88][89]
  • State Bank of Wellston, Wellston (1954 − 16 May 2014; dismantled)[90][91]
• Montana
  • Midland Bank (now US Bank Tower), 303 N. Broadway, Billings (dismantled)[92]
  • Union Bank (now Wells Fargo) Weatherball, 350 N. Last Chance Gulch, Helena (1959 − ????; dismantled)[93]
• Nebraska
  • KMTV Weather Tower, N. 72nd Street, Omaha (non-functioning)
• New Mexico
  • KOBeacon, KOB, Sandia Crest, Albuquerque (???? − 26 December 1966; non-functioning)
• New York
  • 1740 Broadway (formerly MONY), New York City (non-functioning)[94][95][96]
  • AXA Towers (MONY) Weatherstar, Syracuse
• North Dakota
  • KFYR, Provident Life building, Bismarck (1954 − present)[97][98][99]
• Ohio
  • 12 WKRC Weather Beacon, Chiquita Center, Cincinnati (1987 – 1990s?)[100][101]
  • WKYC Weather Beacon, Cleveland (???? − present)[102]
• Oklahoma
  • Liberty National Bank and Trust, Ramsey Tower/City Place, Oklahoma City (6 April 1958 − ????; dismantled)[103]
  • National Bank of Tulsa Weather Teller, 320 South Boston Building, Tulsa (1 May 1967 −1973)[104][105][106][107][108]
• Oregon
  • Standard Insurance Plaza, 1100 SW 6th Avenue, Portland (1964 − present)[109][110][111][112][113]
  • Weather Machine, Pioneer Courthouse Square, Portland (24 August 1988 − present)
• Pennsylvania
  • Handy Flame, Equitable Gas, 420 Boulevard of the Allies, Pittsburgh (1956 − 1972; dismantled)
  • Gulf Tower, Pittsburgh (???? − present)[114][115]
  • WTAE-TV Weather Watch, Carnegie Science Center, Pittsburgh[116][117]
  • Berks County Courthouse, 633 Court Street, Reading (???? − 1995)[118][119]
• South Dakota
  • KELO-TV weatherball, Sherman Hotel, Aberdeen (dismantled)[120]
  • KDLO-TV weatherball, Marvin Hughitt Hotel, 375 Dakota S., Huron (6 April 1960 − ????; dismantled)
  • First National Bank, Pierre
  • KELO weatherball, 100 North Phillips Avenue, Sioux Falls (dismantled)
  • National Bank of South Dakota (now US Bank), 141 N. Main Avenue, Sioux Falls (non-functioning)[121][122]
    • East Branch, East 10th & Omaha, Sioux Falls (dismantled)
    • South Branch, 33rd & Minnesota, Sioux Falls (non-functioning)[123][124]
    • Sunset Branch, West 41st & Louise Avenue (dismantled)
  • KDLO weatherball tower, 421 9th Av SE, Watertown (dismantled)[125]
  • KXLG Weatherball, 835 Jensen Avenue, Watertown (22 May 2014 − present)[126]
• Tennessee
  • Provident Life and Accident Insurance Company, Maclellan Building, 721 Broad Street, Chattanooga (12 January 1952 – ????; dismantled)[127][128]
  • Life & Casualty Tower, Nashville (non-functioning)[129][130]
• Texas
  • WNL Weather Tower, Western National Life Insurance, 205 SE 10th Avenue, Amarillo (dismantled)
  • Mercantile Weather Tower, Mercantile National Bank Building, Dallas (1958–1993; 12 February 2008 – present)[131][132][133]
  • Blue Flame Building, 100 North Stanton Street, El Paso (26 March 1955 – ????; non-functioning)[134]
  • Texas National Bank/Conoco Weather Eye, Travis Tower, 1300 Main Street, Houston (17 October 1955 – 1964; dismantled)[135][136][137][138][139][140]
  • Alamo National Bank weather spire (now Drury Plaza Hotel), 105 S. St. Mary's Street, San Antonio (non-functioning)[141][142]
• Utah
  • Ford's Finance & Insurance, 2627 Washington Boulevard, Ogden (???? − ????; dismantled)
  • KSL-TV 5 Eyewitness Weather Tower, Trolley Square, Salt Lake City (1999 − present)[143]
  • KTVX Weather Ball, 2175 West 1700 South, Salt Lake City (???? − present)[144]
  • Walker Center, 175 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City (1953 – 1982; 2008 – present)[145][146]
• Virginia
  • Newmarket Shopping Center, Newport News (1953 − ????; dismantled)
• Wisconsin
  • Weather Beacon, H. C. Prange Co., 301 N. Washington Street, Green Bay (26 September 1952 − ????; dismantled)[147]
  • Weather Flame, Wisconsin Gas Building, 626 East Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee (1956 – 1973, 1985 − present)[148][149][150]
  • Oshkosh National Bank, 300 N. Main Street, Oshkosh (9 May 1952 − ????; dismantled)
  • Weather 9, WAOW, 1908 Grand Avenue, Wausau (1965 − present)[151]

Gallery

• 
  Hurstville
• 
  North Sydney
• 
  Brisbane
• 
  Brisbane
• 
  Adelaide
• 
  Abbotsford
• 
  Melbourne
• 
  Melbourne
• 
  Perth
• 
  Vienna
• 
  Brussels
• 
  Vancouver
• 
  Kitchener
• 
  Toronto
• 
  Montreal
• 
  Regina
• 
  Copenhagen
• 
  Copenhagen
• 
  Tampere
• 
  Aachen
• 
  Osaka
• 
  Stockholm
• 
  Istanbul
• 
  Coventry
• 
  Coventry
• 
  Glasgow
• 
  London
• 
  Phoenix
• 
  Fresno
• 
  Sacramento
• 
  San Francisco
• 
  Denver
• 
  Miami Beach
• 
  Orlando
• 
  St. Petersburg
• 
  Chicago
• 
  Chicago
• 
  Chicago
• 
  Des Moines
• 
  Dubuque
• 
  Sioux City
• 
  Covington
• 
  Lexington
• 
  New Orleans
• 
  Boston
• 
  Flint
• 
  Grand Rapids
• 
  Grand Rapids
• 
  Duluth
• 
  Minneapolis
• 
  Nicollet Island/East Bank
• 
  Riverside
• 
  Uptown
• 
  Montevideo
• 
  Rochester
• 
  Saint Paul
• 
  Minneapolis
• 
  Kansas City
• 
  Kansas City
• 
  St. Louis
• 
  Wellston
• 
  Billings
• 
  Helena
• 
  Omaha
• 
  New York City
• 
  Syracuse
• 
  Bismarck
• 
  Cincinnati
• 
  Cleveland
• 
  Oklahoma City
• 
  Tulsa
• 
  Portland
• 
  Pittsburgh
• 
  Pittsburgh
• 
  Pittsburgh
• 
  Reading
• 
  Sioux Falls
• 
  Sioux Falls
• 
  Sioux Falls
• 
  Watertown
• 
  Watertown
• 
  Chattanooga
• 
  Nashville
• 
  Amarillo
• 
  Dallas
• 
  El Paso
• 
  Houston
• 
  San Antonio
• 
  Salt Lake City
• 
  Salt Lake City
• 
  Salt Lake City
• 
  Newport News
• 
  Green Bay
• 
  Milwaukee
• 
  Oshkosh
• 
  Wausau

Notes

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2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=344vwknMlFA
3. Gray, Christopher (24 October 1998). "Streetscapes / Douglas Leigh, Sign Maker; the Man Behind Times Square's Smoke Rings". The New York Times.
4. Manhattan Users Guide
5. "Remembering a beloved icon", Northwestern Financial Review
6. Federation and Meteorology, Memories of the Bureau, 1946 to 1962, page 1032
7. "Harbinger, 2007". adriangollner.ca. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
8. MLC Building, North Sydney
9. Photo of Westpac Place: View of the weather beacon displaying its red light panels Archived 25 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
10. Hitachi Building, Brisbane
11. Hitachi Building Weather Beacon RIP sur Flickr : partage de photos !
12. Weather beacon to be given the flick – Queensland – BrisbaneTimes
13. McCarthy, John (19 November 2007). "Weather beacon to be turned off". The Courier-Mail.
14. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=casRsothePY
15. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nTGwaUziEvQ
16. MLC Building, Adelaide
17. Lloyd, Tim (30 March 2007). "City beacon stands tall". The Advertiser.
18. 303 Collins Street, Melbourne
19. "Docklands tower light show reflects weather forecast". 20 July 2016.
20. "Who's afraid of Red, Green and Blue" – an urban installation by LAb[au] on Brussels Dexia Tower
21. "Illustrated Vancouver Circa 1953 – the Capilano Weather Beacon |". 15 October 2011.
22. Coolopolis: Montreal 50s SKYTOWER woot-woot!!!!
23. 505 Boulevard René-Lévesque Ouest, Montreal
24. 2,640 Colored Bulbs Will Predict Weather, The Gazette, 13 April 1956, p. 23
25. Montreal this morning, The Gazette, 14 Jan. 1976, p. 3
26. Correction, The Gazette, 17 Jan. 1976, p. 4 (beacon to be demolished, not building)
27. http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_KwIagbGuYv4/SsUU9M5RBBI/AAAAAAAAAAM/H3s4SQgtKCg/s320/Plains1.jpg
29. "Tomorrow's Weather, Copenhagen, 2009 | Bigert & Bergström".
30. STAWAG – Die Wettersäule. Archived 25 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine
31. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 July 2007. Retrieved 1 January 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
32. "Культура".
33. "Tomorrow's Weather Stockholm Central Station, 2012 | Bigert & Bergström".
34. Beyazit Tower
35. icCoventry – Put that light out!
36. Coventry Design Awards 2001 – Three Towers Lighting Project : Hillman House, Corporation Street
37. "Flashy Coventry £400k weather lights system doesn't work". 11 December 2012.
38. "Castlemilk Lighting Project".
39. {http://www.ledsmagazine.com/articles/2006/04/barometer-controls-led-colors-on-london-tower.html]
40. "Architainment Lighting - Commercial LED Lighting Specialist".
41. "Berkeley's barometer beacon highlights Tabard Square tower".
42. Mattei Building, Fresno
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49. Bell Savings Building, Chicago
50. Weather Bell sur Flickr : partage de photos !
51. Weather Bell Archived 5 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine
52. Memories Of Marina City
53. Warmer Weather Ahead sur Flickr : partage de photos !
54. Colder Weather in Sight sur Flickr : partage de photos !
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61. 1952 The Falstaff Weather Ball is First Lit
62. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 March 2005. Retrieved 14 December 2006.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
63. Falstaff Brewery – New Orleans Louisiana sur Flickr : partage de photos !
64. New Orleans, Louisiana Daily Photo
65. Tower shines after 50 years: 10/1/00
66. https://www.abc57.com/news/flint-skyline-sees-changes-to-historical-weather-ball
67. http://www.wzzm13.com/weather/weatherball.asp
68. Grand Rapids Business Journal – Weather Ball History Archived 31 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine
69. weather ball sur Flickr : partage de photos !
70. Valley City Sign Archived 28 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
71. The Technical History of WEBC Radio: Chapter Five Archived 20 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine
72. New Header
73. Guided by History: Weatherball Archived 16 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
74. MNHS.ORG | Exhibits | Weather Permitting
75. History of the NWS in the Twin Cities – At the Airport
76. A History of Minneapolis: Banking and Finance Archived 16 June 2002 at the Wayback Machine
77. "Remembering a beloved icon". Northwestern Financial Review. 2001. Archived from the original on 5 March 2010.
78. Calavano, Alan (2008). Rochester. ISBN 9780738551944.
79. MHS Visual Resource Database Image
81. http://www.kchistory.org/content/business-mens-assurance-co-building-0
82. http://www.hoachorus.com/harmonotes/Dec05Harmonotes.pdf
83. Pershing Building, Kansas City
84. "Built St. Louis | Central Corridor | Downtown West | Locust Street". www.builtstlouis.net. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
86. Blacktie-StLouis | PREMIERE EVENTS | The 8-foot, 1200-pound neon ball sits on top of a 50-foot rotating tower and can be seen over a 10-mile radius when lit Archived 30 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
87. Terra Cotta Lofts, St. Louis
88. Weather Ball 2 sur Flickr : partage de photos !
89. Weather Ball sur Flickr : partage de photos !
92. US Bank Tower, Billings
93. Helena Last Chance Gulch
94. Dunlap, David W. (4 February 2008). "No More MONY in the Midtown Skyline". The New York Times.
95. Gothamist: Find Another Weather Forecast Archived 11 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine
96. Mutual of New York Building, New York City
97. Burleigh County : General Information Archived 10 December 2005 at the Wayback Machine
98. Bismarck-Mandan Blog – Weather Beacon: been there, done that, got the t-shirt Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
99. Save the Weather Beacon! You can help!
100. Chiquita Center, Cincinnati
101. Lisa Miller (producer) (1987). WKRC-TV Gets Weather Beacon (Television advertisement). Cincinnati, Ohio: WKRC-TV. ♪ If you wanna know / what the weather will be / just look up to the top / of the Chiquita Building. ♪
103. Griffith, Terry L. (2000). Oklahoma City: 1930 to the Millennium. ISBN 9780738508801.
106. Tulsa TV Weather
107. Tulsa Historical Society | Learn | Exhibits | Historic Sites Archived 27 March 2003 at Archive.today
108. 320 S. Boston 3 sur Flickr : partage de photos !
109. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 June 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
110. Standard Insurance Plaza, Portland
111. "Sign in to OregonLive.com". The Oregonian.
112. Downtown Portland from our window by Gallun : Weather Underground Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
113. officeflowers sur Flickr : partage de photos !
114. Gulf Building, Pittsburgh
115. http://www.cparchives.com/archive.cfm?type=You%20Had%20to%20Ask&action=getComplete&ref=2497%5B%5D
116. http://www.carnegiesciencecenter.org/default.aspx?pageId=47
117. New twist on an old landmark – Pittsburgh Tribune-Review
118. http://www.readingeagle.com/article.aspx?id=126076
119. http://www.co.berks.pa.us/commissioners/cwp/view.asp?A=11&Q=490871
120. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 June 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
121. US Bank Building, Sioux Falls
127. 28 January 2007 – Provident: a Beacon in the Chattanooga Community – Memories – Chattanoogan.com Archived 22 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
128. Maclellan Building, Chattanooga
129. https://web.archive.org/web/20081118134918/http://www.nashvillewebreview.com/automat/nashville/popular_buildings/LandC/landc_brochure/LandC2.html. Archived from the original on 18 November 2008. Missing or empty |title= (help)
130. http://www.cardcow.com/21559/life-and-casualty-tower-nashville-us-state-town-views-tennessee-nashville/
131. http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/DN-mercantileclock_13met.ART.State.Edition1.454c55b.html
132. http://www.snarkymalarkey.com/?p=415
133. Mercantile clock to tick once again | Dallas Morning News | News for Dallas, Texas | Steve Brown | Real Estate | Business Columnist | Dallas Morning News
135. The Center for American History
136. ImageShack – Hosting :: 6006032fa.jpg
137. Travis Tower, Houston
138. ImageShack – Hosting :: 6006085yc.jpg
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140. SixFlagsHouston.com | Photos :: Historical Photos :: globe Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
141. Drury Plaza Hotel River Walk, San Antonio, Texas Archived 14 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine
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143. KSL 5 Eyewitness Weather Tower at Trolley Square – Utah News from KSL-TV, Salt Lake City, Utah Archived 16 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine
145. http://deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695216239,00.html
146. ksl.com – Historic weather tower lights up skyline
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149. JS Online: Galvin envisioned weather flame on old Gas Co. building Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
150. Wisconsin Gas Building sur Flickr : partage de photos !
151. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2018.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)