Heckler & Koch UMP

The Heckler & Koch UMP (Universale Maschinenpistole, German for "Universal Submachine Gun") is a submachine gun developed and manufactured by Heckler & Koch. Heckler & Koch developed the UMP as a lighter and cheaper successor to the MP5, though both remain in production.[4] The UMP has been adopted by various agencies such as the U.S. Customs and Border Protection.[5]

Heckler & Koch UMP
The Heckler & Koch UMP45 with a vertical foregrip
TypeSubmachine gun
Place of originGermany
Service history
In service1999–present
Used bySee Users
Production history
Designed1990s
ManufacturerHeckler & Koch
Produced1999–present
VariantsSee Variants
Specifications
MassWithout magazine:
  • 2.3 kilograms (5.2 lb) (UMP9/UMP40)
  • 2.5 kilograms (5.4 lb) (UMP45)

With unloaded magazine:

  • 2.5 kilograms (5.5 lb) (UMP9)
  • 2.55 kilograms (5.6 lb) (UMP40)
  • 2.65 kilograms (5.8 lb) (UMP45)
Length
  • 450 mm (17.7 inches), stock folded
  • 690 mm (27.2 inches), stock extended
Barrel length200 mm (8 inches)
Cartridge
ActionBlowback,[1] closed bolt
Rate of fire600–700 RPM
Muzzle velocity285 m/s (935 ft/s) (.45 ACP)[2][3]
Effective firing range
Feed system
  • 30-round detachable curved box magazine (UMP9)
  • 30-round detachable straight box magazine (UMP40)
  • 25-round detachable straight box magazine (UMP45)
  • 10-round detachable straight box magazine (USC)

Other than agencies, they also served in various military forces. A small number of UMPs chambered in .45 ACP were officially purchased by the 5th Special Forces Group of the United States Army Special Forces, with some of the weapons seeing limited service in the early years of the Iraqi insurgency, making them among the small number of submachine guns deployed by the U.S. military in recent conflicts.

Design details
Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency officers armed with the UMP9 and SG 553.

The UMP is a blowback-operated, magazine-fed submachine gun firing from a closed bolt.[6]

As originally designed, the UMP is chambered for larger cartridges (.45 ACP and .40 S&W) than other submachine guns like the MP5 to provide more stopping power against unarmoured targets (with slightly lower effectiveness at longer range) than the MP5 (largely offered in 9×19mm, albeit with short-lived production of 10mm Auto and .40 S&W variants). A larger cartridge produces more recoil, and makes it more difficult to control in fully automatic firing. To mitigate this, the UMP has a cyclic rate of fire of around 600–700 rounds per minute (RPM), it is worth to mention that the rate of fire increases if (+ P) ammunition is used.[7] This makes it one of the slowest firing modern submachine guns in the market.[6]

The UMP9 (the 9×19mm version of the UMP) is almost 0.2 kilograms (0.44 lb) lighter than its MP5 counterpart. Its predominantly polymer construction reduces both its weight and the number of parts susceptible to corrosion.[6][8]

The UMP is available in four trigger group configurations, featuring different combinations of semi-automatic, 2-round burst, fully automatic, and safe settings. It features a side-folding buttstock to reduce its length during transport. When the last round of the UMP is fired, the bolt locks open, and can be released via a catch on the left side. The standard viewing sights are composed of an aperture rear sight and a front ring with a vertical post. It can mount four Picatinny rails (one on top of the receiver, and one on the right, left, and the bottom of the handguard) for the attachment of accessories such as optical sights, flashlights, or laser sights. Vertical fore-grips can be attached to the bottom rail for increased control during burst and automatic fire.[6]

Variants
U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers carrying UMPs.

The UMP is interchangeable between three different calibres:

The UMP45, chambered in .45 ACP cartridge

The UMP40, chambered in .40 S&W cartridge

The UMP9, chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge

Apart from the different chambering, all versions feature the same design model, the exterior differences being the curved magazine used on the UMP9, while both the UMP40 and UMP45 each use a straight magazine. All three versions of the weapon can be cross-converted to any of the round chamberings via replacing the bolt, barrel, and magazine.[6][8]

The USC or Universal Self-loading Carbine is a semi-automatic variant of the UMP for private citizens. It was designed following the Assault Weapons Ban of 1994 in the United States and was introduced in 2000. Changes from the original UMP include a "thumbhole" type stock/grip instead of the pistol grip of the UMP, a longer barrel without the flash suppressor, a magazine limited to 10 rounds, and a semi-automatic-only trigger group and action.[9] Originally available in gray, as of 2008 the USC came only in an all-black finish.[10] Production of the USC was halted in 2013.[11] In 2018 H&K announced a limited production run of new USC rifles.

Recall

In 2000, H&K recalled certain UMP and USC serial numbers due to faulty operating handles. The faulty handles, made of a polymer, could break off making the weapons inoperable.[12]

Users
Country Organisation name Model Quantity Date References
 Albania Special Operations Battalion UMP9 _ _ [13]
 Australia New South Wales Police Force Tactical Operations Unit UMP40 _ _ [14][15]
New South Wales Corrective Services Hostage Response Group & Extreme High Security Escort Unit UMP40 _ _ [16][17]
Victoria Police Critical Incident Response Team UMP40 _ _ [18][19]
 Bangladesh Bangladesh Army _ _ _
 Belgium Federal Police UMP9 _ _ [20]
 Bulgaria Bulgarian Special Counter-terrorist UMP9 _ _ [21]
 Brazil Special Operations Command of the Brazilian Army UMP9 _ _ [22]
Amphibious Commandos of the Brazilian Marine Corps UMP9 _ _ [22]
 Canada Brantford Police Service Emergency Response Team UMP40 _ _ [23]
 Egypt Sa'ka Forces UMP45 _ _ _
 France Gendarmerie Nationale UMP9 _ _ _
Police Nationale UMP9 _ _ _
 Georgia Special Operations Forces UMP45 _ _ [24]
 Italy Italian Special Forces UMP40 _ _ _
Carabinieri UMP40 _ _ _
Polizia di Stato UMP40 _ _ _
 Jordan Jordanian Special Operations Forces _ _ _ [25]
 Kosovo Special Intervention Unit SIU (Former GSI / SIG - FIT) UMP45 _ _ [26]
 Latvia Latvian Army UMP9 _ _ [27]
 Liechtenstein Special Police Unit - _ _ [28]
Security Corps - _ _ [29][28]
 Lithuania Lithuanian Special Operation Forces UMP45 _ _ _
 Malaysia Pasukan Khas Laut (PASKAL) counter-terrorism team of the Royal Malaysian Navy UMP45 _ 2006 [30][31]
Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency UMP9 _ _ [32]
 Mexico Mexican Marines _ _ _ [33]
 Morocco Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie _ _ _ _
 Philippines Special Action Force of the Philippine National Police UMP45 _ _
 Poland Policja UMP9 _ _ [34]
 Romania Land Forces special operations battalions UMP9 _ _ [35]
Naval Forces special operations group (GNFOS) UMP9 _ _ [36]
 Serbia Special Brigade of the Serbian Army UMP9 _ _ [37]
 Slovakia 5th Special Forces Regiment of the Armed Forces of Slovak Republic UMP9 _ _ [38]
South Africa National Intervention Unit - A special operations element of the South African Police Service (SAPS) UMP9 _ _ [39]
 Spain Mossos d'Esquadra UMP9 _ _ [40]
Spanish Army _ _ _ [41]
 Thailand Underwater Demolition Assault Unit of the Royal Thai Navy UMP9 _ _
 United States U.S. Border Patrol UMP40 _ _ [5]
Pentagon Force Protection Agency UMP40 _ _ [42]
Henry County Police Department, Georgia UMP40 _ _ [43]
Oregon Department of Corrections (SWAT) UMP40 _ _ _
Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department UMP40 _ _ [44]
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