Tsyklon-2
The Tsyklon-2 (cyclone-2), also known as Tsiklon-2 and Tsyklon-M, GRAU index 11K69, was a Ukrainian, previously Soviet orbital carrier rocket used from the 1960s to the late 2000s.
![]() Tsyklon-2 | |
Function | Carrier rocket |
---|---|
Manufacturer | Yuzhmash |
Country of origin | Soviet Union (Ukraine) |
Size | |
Height | 39.7 m[1] (130.2 ft) |
Diameter | 3 m (9.8 ft) |
Mass | 182,000 kg (401,000 lb) |
Stages | 2 |
Capacity | |
Payload to LEO | 2,820 kg (6,210 lb) |
Associated rockets | |
Family | R-36, Tsyklon |
Comparable | Delta II |
Launch history | |
Status | Retired |
Launch sites | Baikonur Cosmodrome LC-90 |
Total launches | 106 |
Successes | 105 |
Failures | 1 |
First flight | 6 August 1969 |
Last flight | 24 June 2006 |
Notable payloads | IS-A/IS-P RORSAT EORSAT |
First stage – 11S681 | |
Engines | 1 RD-251 |
Thrust | 2,640 kN (593,409 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 301 sec |
Burn time | 120 seconds |
Fuel | N 2O 4 / UDMH |
Second stage – 11S682 | |
Engines | 1 RD-252 |
Thrust | 940 kN (211,410 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 317 sec |
Burn time | 160 seconds |
Fuel | N 2O 4 / UDMH |
Third stage | |
Engines | 1 RD-861 |
Thrust | 77.96 kN (17,526 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 317 sec |
Burn time | 112 seconds |
Fuel | N 2O 4 / UDMH |
History
A derivative of the R-36 ICBM, and a member of the Tsyklon family, the Tsyklon-2 made its maiden flight on 6 August 1969, and conducted 106 flights, the last one occurring on 24 June 2006. It was the most reliable Soviet/Russian carrier rocket ever used, having failed only once, and the second most reliable carrier rocket overall, behind the Atlas II.[2] Along with Tsyklon-3, the Tsyklon-2 was retired in favor of new-generation and all-Russian carrier rockets, such as the Angara and Soyuz-2.
Description
Like the Tsyklon-3, the Tsyklon-2 was derived from the R-36 Scarp ICBM. However, it was slightly shorter and had a lower weight mass when fueled.[3]
See also
- Angara rocket
- Dnepr rocket
- Tsyklon
External links
References
- "Tsiklon-2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/tsiklon.htm
- http://www.russianspaceweb.com/tsyklon.html