Minotaur IV

Minotaur IV, also known as Peacekeeper SLV and OSP-2 PK is an active expendable launch system derived from the LGM-118 Peacekeeper ICBM. It is operated by Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, and made its maiden flight on 22 April 2010, carrying the HTV-2a Hypersonic Test Vehicle.[2][3][4] The first orbital launch occurred on 26 September 2010 with the SBSS satellite for the United States Air Force.

Minotaur IV
Launch of the first Minotaur IV Lite
FunctionExpendable launch system
ManufacturerNorthrop Grumman Innovation Systems
Cost per launch$50 million [1]
Size
Height23.88 metres (78.3 ft)
Diameter2.34 metres (7 ft 8 in)
Mass86,300 kg
Stages4
Capacity
Payload to LEO1735 kg (28.5°, 185 km)
Associated rockets
FamilyMinotaur
DerivativesMinotaur V
Launch history
StatusActive
Launch sitesVandenberg AFB, SLC-8
MARS, LP-0B
PSCA, LP-1
CCAFS, SLC-46
Total launches7
Successes7
First flight22 April 2010
Last flight15 July 2020
First stage – SR-118
Engines1 Solid
Thrust2,200 kilonewtons (490,000 lbf)
FuelSolid
Second stage – SR-119
Engines1 Solid
Thrust1,365 kilonewtons (307,000 lbf)
Burn time54 seconds
FuelSolid
Third stage – SR-120
Engines1 Solid
Thrust329 kilonewtons (74,000 lbf)
Burn time62 seconds
FuelSolid
Fourth stage (Baseline) – Orion 38
Engines1 Solid
Thrust32.2 kilonewtons (7,200 lbf)
Burn time67.7 seconds
FuelSolid
Fourth stage (Optional) – Star-48V
Engines1 Solid
Thrust68.6 kilonewtons (15,400 lbf)
Burn time84.1 seconds
FuelSolid

The Minotaur IV vehicle consists of four stages and is capable of placing 1,735 kilograms (3,825 lb) of payload into a Low Earth orbit (LEO).[5][6] It uses the first three stages of the Peacekeeper missile, combined with a new upper stage. On the baseline version, the fourth stage is an Orion 38. However a higher performance variant, designated Minotaur IV+, uses a Star-48V instead. A three-stage configuration (no Orion 38), designated the Minotaur IV Lite, is available for suborbital trajectories. The Minotaur IV has also been flown with multiple upper stages. A five-stage derivative, the Minotaur V, made its maiden flight on 7 September 2013.

Minotaur IV launches are conducted from SLC-8 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, LP-0B at the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, SLC-46 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Pacific Spaceport Complex – Alaska Pad 1 of the Pacific Spaceport Complex – Alaska (PSCA).

Launch history
Flight No. Date/Time (UTC) Variant Launch Site Payload Trajectory Outcome Remarks
1 22 April 2010
23:00		 Minotaur IV Lite Vandenberg, SLC-8 HTV-2a Suborbital Success Successful launch, but payload failed
2 26 September 2010[7]
04:41		 Minotaur IV Vandenberg, SLC-8 SBSS SSO Success
3 20 November 2010
01:25[7]		 Minotaur IV HAPS Kodiak,
LP-1		 STPSAT-2
FASTRAC-A
FASTRAC-B
FalconSat-5
FASTSAT
O/OREOS
RAX
NanoSail-D2		 LEO Success STP-S26 launch. Included a Hydrazine Auxiliary Propulsion System (HAPS) to take the vehicle to a secondary orbit after placing payloads into the primary orbit.
4 11 August 2011
14:45[8]		 Minotaur IV Lite Vandenberg, SLC-8 HTV-2b Suborbital Success Successful launch, but payload failed
5 27 September 2011
15:49		 Minotaur IV+ Kodiak,
LP-1		 TacSat-4 LEO Success First Minotaur IV+ launch
6 26 August 2017
06:04		 Minotaur IV / Orion 38 CCAFS, SLC-46 ORS-5 LEO[9] Success Ran in a 5-stage configuration, using an extra Orion 38 motor to put ORS-5 in to an equatorial orbit.
7 15 July 2020
13:46[10]		 Minotaur IV / Orion 38 MARS,
LP-0B		 NROL-129 LEO[9] Success Carried four payloads (USA-305 to USA-308). First NRO launch on a Minotaur IV and first from Virginia's Space Coast.[11]

Planned launches
Date/Time (UTC) Variant Launch Site Payload Trajectory Remarks
Late 2021[12] Minotaur IV MARS, LP-0B NROL-174 ?
TBD Minotaur IV Vandenberg, SLC-8 TacSat-5 LEO Might launch on a Minotaur I
TBD Minotaur IV Lite Vandenberg, SLC-8 CSM Suborbital

STP-S26

The third Minotaur IV launch, which was also known as STP-S26, deployed eight payloads. It was the 26th small launch vehicle mission in STP's 40-year history of flying DoD space experiments,[13] STP-S26 was intended to extend previous standard interface development efforts, implementing a number of capabilities aimed at enabling responsive access to space for small experimental satellites and payloads. STP-S26 launched at 01:25 UTC on 20 November 2010 from the Kodiak Launch Complex. The launch facility contractor was Alaska Aerospace Corporation (AAC). The payloads were released in a 650 kilometres (400 mi) orbit, before the HAPS upper stage was demonstrated by deploying two ballast payloads into a 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) orbit.

The primary objective of the STP-S26 launch was to deploy STPSAT-2 (USA-217), whilst demonstrating the ability of the Minotaur IV to carry additional payloads, by deploying FASTSAT, FASTRAC, RAX, O/OREOS and FalconSat-5. A Hydrazine Auxiliary Propulsion System upper stage was flown aboard the Minotaur to demonstrate its ability to deploy payloads to multiple orbits, however only mass simulators were deployed after the HAPS burn.

The launch marked the first flight of a STP-SIV (Standard Interface Vehicle) satellite, the first use of the Multi Mission Satellite Operations Center Ground System Architecture (MMSOC GSA), the first flight of the Minotaur IV's Multi-payload Adapter (MPA), the first use of a HAPS to obtain multiple orbits on a Minotaur IV flight, the first Minotaur launch from Kodiak Launch Complex (KLC), and the first deployment of CubeSats from a Minotaur IV via Poly-PicoSatellite Orbital Deployers (P-Pods).[13]

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See also

References
  1. Stephen Clark (18 November 2010). "Minotaur rocket poised to send research to new heights". Spaceflight Now.
  2. "Orbital Successfully Launches First Minotaur IV Rocket for U.S. Air Force" (Press release). Orbital Sciences Corporation. 27 April 2010.
  3. "Air Force Space Officials Prepare To Launch First Minotaur IV". Air Force News Service. 16 April 2010. Archived from the original on 29 July 2012.
  4. Graham, William (22 April 2010). "First Minotaur IV launches with Hypersonic Test Vehicle". NASAspaceflight.com.
  5. "Minotaur IV Fact Sheet" (PDF). Orbital Sciences Corporation. 2010. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
  6. Krebs, Gunter. "Minotaur-3/-4/-5 (OSP-2 Peacekeeper SLV)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
  7. Schaub, Michael B.; Schwartz, Patrick C. "Launches". Mission Set Database. NASA/Honeywell-TSI. Archived from the original on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 23 April 2010. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  8. Hope, Dan. "DARPA Readies Hypersonic Aircraft for Mach 20 Launch Test". Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  9. Clark, Stephen. "Minotaur rocket selected to launch military satellite in 2017". Spaceflight Now.
  10. Clark, Stephen. "Launch Schedule". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  11. "NROL-129 Launch Press Kit" (PDF). NRO. Retrieved 9 July 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  12. Clark, Stephen. "Minotaur rocket successfully deploys four NRO satellites in orbit – Spaceflight Now". Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  13. Brinton, Turner. "Air Force's STP-S26 Mission Loaded with New Technologies". SPACENEWS. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
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