Toshiki Kaifu

Toshiki Kaifu (海部 俊樹, Kaifu Toshiki, born 2 January 1931) is a Japanese politician who was Prime Minister of Japan from 1989 to 1991.[1]

Toshiki Kaifu
海部 俊樹
Official photograph (1989)
Prime Minister of Japan
In office 10 August 1989 – 5 November 1991
Monarch	Akihito
Preceded by	Sōsuke Uno
Succeeded by	Kiichi Miyazawa
Member of the House of Representatives for Aichi 9th District
In office 20 November 1960 – 30 August 2009
Succeeded by	Mitsunori Okamoto
Minister of Finance
In office 14 October 1991 – 5 November 1991
Preceded by	Ryutaro Hashimoto
Succeeded by	Tsutomu Hata
Minister of Education
In office 28 December 1985 – 22 July 1986
Prime Minister	Yasuhiro Nakasone
Preceded by	Hikaru Matsunaga
Succeeded by	Masayuki Fujio
In office 24 December 1976 – 28 November 1977
Prime Minister	Takeo Fukuda
Preceded by	Michio Nagai
Succeeded by	Shigetami Sunada
Preceded by	Seiroku Kajiyama
Succeeded by	Hyosuke Kujiraoka
Personal details
Born	(1931-01-02) 2 January 1931 Nagoya, Empire of Japan
Political party	Liberal Democratic Party (2003–present)
Other political affiliations	Liberal Democratic Party (1960–1994) New Frontier Party (1994–1997) "Assembly of Independents" (1997-1998) Liberal Party (1998–2000) Conservative Party (2000–2002) New Conservative Party (2002–2003)
Alma mater	Chuo University Waseda University
Signature

Early life and education

Kaifu was born in Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, on 2 January 1931. He was educated at Chuo University and Waseda University.

Career

with leaders of the G7 (at the 17th G7 summit on 15 July 1991)

A member of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), Kaifu ran successfully for the 1960 Japanese general election and took office as the youngest member of the National Diet.[2] He served for sixteen terms, totaling 49 years. Kaifu was education minister before rising to lead the party after the resignations of Takeshita Noboru and Sōsuke Uno.[3] Facing Yoshiro Hayashi and Shintaro Ishihara,[4] Kaifu was elected on the platform of clean leadership.[5][6] He became the 76th Prime Minister of Japan in August 1989.[7]

On 10 August 1991, Kaifu became the first leader of a major country to make an official visit to China and break China's diplomatic isolation after the Tiananmen Square Incident of June 4, 1989.[8] Kaifu ended Japan's participation in economic sanctions against China and offered $949.9 million in loans and an additional $1.5 million in emergency aid following flood damage in southern China in June and July.[9]

Throughout his two Cabinets, Kaifu's faction was too small to push through the reforms he sought, and the continuing repercussions of the Sagawa Express scandal caused problems. He resigned in November 1991 and was replaced by Kiichi Miyazawa.

In 1994, he left the LDP to become head of the newly founded New Frontier Party.[10][11] He supported Ichirō Ozawa's party until he returned to LDP in 2003.[12] He was defeated in the election of 2009 by DPJ candidate Mitsunori Okamoto,[13] which witnessed the end of almost uninterrupted LDP dominance since 1955.[14] At the time of his defeat, he was the longest-serving member of the lower house of the Diet, and he was also the first former prime minister to be defeated at a re-election since 1963.[15]

Honours

From the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia

• Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers (July 2011)

In popular culture

Kaifu is one of several world leaders depicted on the cover of Megadeth's 1990 album Rust in Peace.

References

1. "Toshiki Kaifu". Inter Press Service. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
2. Wiseman, Steven R. (9 August 1989). "Japan's Troubled Successor". New York Times. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
3. Yates, Ronald E. (9 August 1989). "New prime minster elected in Japan". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
4. Jameson, Sam (5 August 1989). "2 More Join Race for Japanese Premier : Ex-Ministers of Transportation, Health Also Seek to Succeed Uno". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
5. "Japanese official quits over affair". New York Times. Associated Press. 25 August 1989. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
6. Hiatt, Fred (3 March 1990). "Japan's Kaifu faces new hints of scandal". Washington Post.
7. Pringsheim, Klaus H. (1991). "The Political Ordeal of Toshiki Kaifu (1990–1991)". American Foreign Policy Newsletter. 14 (3): 3–17. doi:10.1080/07383169.1991.10392623.
8. "Japanese Prime Minister Meets With China's Communist Leader". Associated Press. 12 August 1991. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
9. "Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu departs Saturday for Beijing to..." UPI. Retrieved 22 October 2018.
10. "New party taps". Sun Sentinel. 9 December 1994. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
11. "Ex-premier to head new Japanese party". Washington Post. 8 December 1994. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
12. Dobson, Hugo; Rose, Caroline (2019). "The Afterlives of Post-War Japanese Prime Ministers". Journal of Contemporary Asia. 49 (1): 127–150. doi:10.1080/00472336.2018.1460389.
13. Murakami, Mutsuko (1 September 2009). "Untested New Regime Raises Fresh Hopes". Inter Press Service. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
14. Maeda, Ko (September–October 2010). "Factors behind the Historic Defeat of Japan's Liberal Democratic Party in 2009". Asian Survey. 50 (5): 888–907. doi:10.1525/as.2010.50.5.888.
15. "Several LDP bigwigs sent down to defeat". Japan Times. Kyodo News. 31 August 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2019.

External links

• KAIFU, Toshiki International Who's Who. Retrieved 3 September 2006.
• Appearances on C-SPAN

Party political offices
Preceded by Sosuke Uno	Director of Youth Division, Liberal Democratic Party 1966	Succeeded by Takasaburo Naito
Preceded by Takasaburo Naito	Director of Youth Division, Liberal Democratic Party 1968-1972	Succeeded by Takeo Nishioka
Preceded by Sosuke Uno	Chair of Diet Affairs Committee, Liberal Democratic Party 1976	Succeeded by Shintaro Abe
Preceded by Sosuke Uno	President of the Liberal Democratic Party 1989-1991	Succeeded by Kiichi Miyazawa
New title	Leader of the New Frontier Party 1994-1995	Succeeded by Ichiro Ozawa
Political offices
Preceded by Seiroku Kajiyama	Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary 1974–1976	Succeeded by Hyosuke Kujiraoka
Preceded by Michio Nagai	Minister of Education 1976–1977	Succeeded by Shigetami Sunada
Preceded by Hikaru Matsunaga	Minister of Education 1985–1986	Succeeded by Masayuki Fujio
Preceded by Sōsuke Uno	Prime Minister of Japan 1989–1991	Succeeded by Kiichi Miyazawa
Preceded by Ryutaro Hashimoto	Minister of Finance 1991	Succeeded by Tsutomu Hata
Honorary titles
Preceded by Kazuo Tanikawa	Youngest member of the House of Representatives 1960-1963	Succeeded by Ryutaro Hashimoto