Tosham

Tosham is a town and a Gram Panchayat on the foot of Tosham Hill range in Bhiwani district in the Indian state of Haryana. It has been awarded the title of "Adarsh Village". It is situated in the foothill of Tosham hill range of Aravali Mountain Range. The hill has several historic places, such as forts, carvings, paintings, temples, sacred ponds, dating as far back 1800 years. It is a rural area.

Tosham

Tusham
Town
Toshām Hill showing the site of the ancient monastery and water cascade
Tosham
Location in Haryana, India
Tosham
Tosham (Haryana)
Coordinates: 28.88°N 75.92°E / 28.88; 75.92
Country India
StateHaryana
DistrictBhiwani
Elevation
207 m (679 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total15,559
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
127040
Telephone code+91-1253-XXXXXX
ISO 3166 codeIN-HR
Vehicle registrationHR-46 to HR-48
Websiteharyana.gov.in
Tosham rock inscription

The mountain an important biodiversity area within the "western-southern Haryana" spur of the Northern Aravalli leopard wildlife corridor, but remains at due to the polluting and ecologically destructive unsustainable mining activities.

History

Early and medieval history

Tosham was under Gupta rule in the 4th Century as per the inscription. History of Tosham dates back to at least the 4th century, as evident by the Sanskrit language Tosham rock inscription at Tosham hill. Later it came under Tomar during the rule of Anangpal Tomar and then Chauhan during the rule of Prithviraj Chauhan who built the Baradari) Rajput rulers, before falling into the hands of Delhi Sultanates, Mughal Empire, Maratha Empire, Shekhawati and British Raj.

---These above so written Thikana were never existed and or never Recognized in Tosham and its territory. No Sikandar ever existed in physical presence in Tosham and its territory. The present name Sri Sahib Jayaish Singh (1977–present) nowhere exists practically in the area. In pre-independence times it said that it was public opinion and topic of discussion among the people of the area that No Thakur in any form of thikanedar or zamindar was allowed to function from the area at any time. It is said that initially, Someone might have tried for taking over or establishing the thicken, but opposed by people of the area and was driven away and was made to run from the territories of the area.

So the above-noted names of Thikanedars starting from Kunwar Abhaya Singh (1870–1896) TO Sri Sahib Jayaish Singh (1977 – present) is totally hypothetical and nonexistent as a perversion of residents of the area of Tosham and its territories.

During British rule

During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Hindu Shekhawat rajput officials of British Raj based at Tosham killed the Bhati and Ranghar Muslim Rajputs of Jamalpur and Mangali. These Hindu Thakur (Shekhawat) were granted the Thikana of Tosham as a Pargana under Shekhawati in 1870 by the British raj and Maharaja Mukund Singh for their services.

Tosham Thikana

Tosham Thikana was granted as a thikana by Shekhawati ruler Maharaja Mukund Singh in 1870 to Kunwar Abhaya Singh, the son of Maharaja Raj Singh II. Around 1755, Rajputs of this area and all of central and south Haryana came under the Maratha Empire under Maharaja Khande Rao Holkar of Indore when he attacked the independent Mughal chieftain, Ismail Beg, Ismail Beg escaped to Madhogarh and established a post near Madhogarh fort, captured Ismail Beg at Kanud, imprisoned him at Agra Fort and put him to death on 1794. Maratha Maharaj Mahadaji Shinde (Scindia) of Gwalior had conquered Rania, Fatehabad and Sirsa from Bhatti Rajput Muslims. Haryana came under Maratha Empire. Mahad Ji divided Haryana in four territories: Delhi (Mughal emperor Shah Alam II, his family and areas surrounding Delhi), Panipat (Kernal, Sonepat, Kurukshetra, and Ambala), Hisar (Hisar, Sirsa, Fatehabad, parts of Rohtak), Mewat (Gurgaon, Rewari, Narnaul, Mahendragarh). Daulat Rao Scindia ceded Haryana on 30 December 1803 under the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon to British East India Company's Company rule in India. Thakurs (rulers) of Tosham were:

    • Kunwar Abhaya Singh (1870–1896)
    • Rajkumar Dalpat Singh (1896–1918)
    • Rajkumar Todarmal Singh (1918–1944)
    • Rajkumar Narendra Singh (1944–1950)
    • Rajkumar Surendra Singh (1950–1975)
    • Shri Sahib Naresh Singh (1975–1977)
    • Sri Sahib Jayaish Singh (1977 – present)
    • Sahib Kunwar Tejraj Singh

---These above so written Thikana were never existed and or never Recognized in Tosham and its territory. No thikanedar ever existed in physical presence in Tosham and it's territory. The present name Sri Sahib Jayaish Singh (1977 – present) nowhere exists practically in the area. In pre-independence times it said that it was public opinion and topic of discussion among the people of the area that No Thakur in any form of thikanedar or zamindar was allowed to function from the area at any time. It is said that initially, Someone might have tried for taking over or establishing the thicken, but opposed by people of the area and was driven away and was made to run from the territories of the area. It is evident from the list of thickens of Shekhawati detailed under wiki link https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tosham&action=submit does not have the name of Tosham Thikana. It is pertinent to add here this list of Shekhawati does not include thikana of any area or boundary of Haryana state. Thus. Haryana state never had any thikana of Shekhawati as per list available on its history page.

Post-independence

According to the data maintained by the Government of India's Department of Statistics, following were established at Toshsm:[1]

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[2] Tosham had a population of 11,271. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Tosham has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 54%. In Tosham, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Geography
Main article: Tosham Hill range

Tosham is located at 28.88°N 75.92°E / 28.88; 75.92. It has an average elevation of 207 metres (679 feet).

There are Total 108 Villages where the main villages are:

  • Nigana Kalan
  • Dulheri
  • Jhanwari
  • Kharkari Makhwan
  • Laxmanpura
  • Isharwal
  • Dhani Mah
  • Khanak
  • Miran
  • Bahal
  • Baganwala
  • Sagwan

Village-Indiwali

Tosham hills range

Tosham Hill range or Tosham Wala Pahad: larger and taller of two hills, to the immediate south of Tosham town with roughly 200-meter-high spur mountain of Aravalli Range, with a full view of nearby villages and greenery all around. It has many temples in this some of them are Baba Mungipa, Hanuman temple, and seasonal Paleo waterfall.

Tosham Hill Fort

There are also remains of a medieval fort wall in the ruined condition present on top of the Tosham hill, said to be from the times of Prithviraj Chauhan major part of which was destroyed in 1982 when an aircraft crashed on the fort.[3] Its remnants still exist.[4]

Tosham rock inscription
Main article: Tosham rock inscription
Tosham rock inscription, dating from 4th to 5th century, is an epigraph documenting the establishment of a monastery and the building of water tanks at water cascade for followers of the Satvata (ancient Yadava kingdom)

Two interesting antiquities are to be seen in the neighborhood of Tosham. A baradari and another Sanskrit inscription on a rock on the face of the hill to the west of the town.[5] The Toshām rock inscription is an epigraphic record documenting the establishment of a monastery and the building of water tanks for followers of the Sātvata religion. Found in Tosham, Haryana (India), It is not dated but can be assigned to the early fifth century CE. The inscription records the lineage and building activities of a line of Sātvata religious preceptors (ācārya) dating to the 4th and 5th centuries CE. This is an important record for the history of the Vaiṣṇava faith. The kinship and clan position of the Sātvatas is described in the article on the Yadavas. It does not appear to have been as yet satisfactorily translated. It seems to refer to a Scythian king Tushara who appears to have conquered the Gupta Galotkacha who reigned from about A. D. 50 to A. D. 79 and is referred to in the inscription. There appears to be evidence to show that the Tosham hill was a monastery of Buddhist monks or Bhikshus. The date of the inscription is said to be A. D. 162–224.[5]

Tosham rock paintings

In 2013, rudimentary rock paintings (supposedly circa 5th century CE) at the site of Tosham rock inscription were discovered. These rock painting included several figures, such as a royal family, a saint, and dinosaur-like creature.[6]

Vaman statue

Tosham Vaman statue, a 1,000 years old 60 kg carved red stone statue dating back to 8th to 10 century, of Vaman incarnation of Hindu deity Vishnu was found atop Tosham hill in January 2018 while policemen protecting the Haryana Police wireless repeater antennae system were clearing the rubble to clean the water tank there.[3] [7] In March 2018, this statute was relocated to the Jahaj Kothi Zonal Museum at Hisar.[4]

Prithvi Raj Ki Katchery

Prithvi Raj Ki Katchery is a Baradari on a small 80 meter Baradari hill in the northwest corner or Tosham town. According to the folklore it is said to be built by the 12th century Rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan whose rule had covered Tosham. He had regional setup administration at Asigarh Fort (present-day Hansi). The Baradari has 12 doors, 3 on each side. According to the folklore, it is where Rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan use to preside over the court proceedings to pass judgment.

Tosham Temple Complex

Panch Teerth Temple

The temple is on the Tosham Hill.

Baba Mungipa Mandir

Baba Mungipa Mandir (temple) at Tosham hill is a very famous temple of the Tosham area. Temple has a great following and people visiting this temple believe that wishes will be fulfilled by the Baba. The temple is a Samadhi of Mungipa. Sodha Mungipa laid himself in the samadhi as he believed that he killed the cow during meditation. Tourists can reach this site from the eastern side by climbing up to the Tosham hill. Moreover, tourists can see the domed structure where a large number of food grains and oils are offered. Visitors can also explore the water pool in a cavern and a Shiva temple that lies in proximity. Folklore has it that Baba Mungipa was a contemporary of Buddha.[3]

Sacred Sulphur Ponds of Tosham Hill

There are several holy ponds on Tosham Hill inside the caves, namely Pandu Teerth Kund, Surya Kund, Kukkar Kund, Gyarasia/Vyas Kund, and a reservoir or a small tank on the summit of the hill to store rainwater. Water in these kunds (ponds) in various caverns contain sulfur which is considered sacred by the devotees and pilgrimages as it heals skin diseases.[8]

Pandu Tirath, Tosham

There are several sacred kunds or reservoirs on the hill; one of them, the Pandu Tirath, is considered so sacred that some of the neighboring villages deposit the ashes of their dead in it instead of taking them to the Ganges.

Surya Kund, Tosham

The Surya Kund is one of many kunds (pond) found in caverns of Tosham hill. It is considered sacred.

Kukkar Kund, Tosham

The Kukkar Kund is one of many kunds (pond) found in caverns of Tosham hill. It is considered sacred.

Gyarasia Kund, Tosham

The Gyarasia Kund (Vyas Kund) is one of many kunds (pond) found in caverns of Tosham hill. It is considered sacred.

Parks

Tosham lake

Tosham lake is a wetland area inhabited by many birds and animals also have a landscaped park. It is located near Government Girls College and new bus stand. Before the establishment of to sham lake. There was a pond there and on its shore, there was a temple of hanuman that exists till now. Tosham

Ch. Surender Singh Memorial Herbal Park, Tosham

Ch. Surender Singh Memorial Herbal Park, Tosham is a herbal park set up to preserve and propagate the endangered herbs. It also aims to educate people and farmers in the commercial cultivation of these herbs to engage in profitable pursuits.

Interesting infrastructure

Police Telecomm Tower

Haryana Police has wireless repeater antennae in three locations, at Tosham Hill range in Bhiwani district, Takdi hill in Rewari district, and at Sarahan hill in Himachal Pradesh. Police HQ uses Sarahan tower to transmit signals to Tosham Hill. Tosham Hill tower boosts and sends the signal to Takdi Hill. Tosham Hill tower covers the area of the signal of Bhiwani, Hisar, Fatehabad, Sirsa, Rohtak, and Jhajjhar District Police Headquarters. Take Hill tower covers the Gurugram, Faridabad, Palwal, Nuh, Rewari, Narnaul and Haryana Bhawan Delhi.[3]

Civil Court Tosham

Civil Court was established on 18/04/2017 at Tosham near the BDPO office. The first judicial officer was Sh. Sunil Dewan ACJ Cum SDJM, Tosham, and secondly Sh. Saurabh Gupta is presently seating Judge at Civil Court Tosham. Prabhu Ram was the first president of Advocate, Bar Association Tosham, and Sh. Dharambir Singh Siwach was the first elected Secretary of Bar Association Tosham. Now Sh. Jitender Singh Chahal is the president of Advocates, Bar Association Tosham, and Sh. Sanjay Baganwala is presently secretary of Bar Association Tosham, elected on 22/12/2016.

gollark: Also local neutrino flux.
gollark: Hmm, can we also get IR/UV views, for purposes?
gollark: The sky appears to be brightening.
gollark: Imagine the sheer amazingness of a slightly faster video stream.
gollark: I mean, I assume you could probably have something do a higher-framerate MJPEG/actual video codec stream and still use a push-based system.

References
  1. Establishment details and start dated, page 30, 37, 38, 49, 51 Archived 16 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  3. 8वीं सदी की विष्णु की प्रतिमा मिली, Navbharat Times, 6 Jan 2018.
  4. Vaman statue to be taken to Hisar Museum, Dainik Bhaskar, 14 Mar 2018.
  5. "Loharu State" (PDF). Punjab State Gazetteers. 1915. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 May 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. Rare rock painting of dinosaur discovered from Tosham Hills in the state- by Sushil Manav, Tribune News Service, dated: 2 July 2013
  7. 1,000-yr-old statue of Hindu god found, The Tribune (Chandigarh), 6 January 2018.
  8. 2004, "Records, Volume 135, Part 1.", Geological Survey of India, Page 144.
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