The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (film)

The Lives of a Bengal Lancer is a 1935 American epic-adventure-drama film that used the title of the 1930 autobiography of the British former soldier, Francis Yeats-Brown. The film is a Paramount picture. Henry Hathaway directed, and the writers, who created a story that had nothing in common with Yeats-Brown's book other than the setting, included Grover Jones, William Slavens McNutt, Waldemar Young, John L. Balderston and Achmed Abdullah.

The Lives of a Bengal Lancer
Theatrical release poster
Directed byHenry Hathaway
Produced byLouis D. Lighton
Screenplay byWilliam Slavens McNutt
Grover Jones
Waldemar Young
John L. Balderston
Achmed Abdullah
Laurence Stallings (offscreen credit)[1]
Based onThe Lives of a Bengal Lancer
1930 novel
by Francis Yeats-Brown
StarringGary Cooper
Franchot Tone
Richard Cromwell
Guy Standing
Music byHerman Hand
John Leipold
Milan Roder
Heinz Roemheld
CinematographyCharles Lang
Edited byEllsworth Hoagland
Production
company
Distributed byParamount Pictures
Release date
  • January 11, 1935 (1935-01-11) (United States)
Running time
109 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Box office$1.5 million (equivalent $28 million in 2020)

The plot is the story of a group of British cavalrymen and high-ranking officers desperately trying to defend their stronghold and headquarters at Bengal against the rebellious natives during the days of the British Raj. It stars Gary Cooper as Lieutenant Alan McGregor, Franchot Tone as Lieutenant John Forsythe, Richard Cromwell as Lieutenant Donald Stone, Guy Standing as Colonel Tom Stone and Douglass Dumbrille as the rebel leader Mohammed Khan, who utters the frequently misquoted line "We have ways to make men talk."[2][3][4]

Production and planning of the film began in 1931 and Paramount expected the film to be released that same year. However, due to a film stock crisis in which most of the location footage deteriorated due to the high temperatures, the project was delayed for four years. The motion picture was released in American cinemas in January 1935.

The film's release was met with positive reviews and good box office results. It was nominated for seven Academy Awards, winning Assistant Director, with other nominations including Best Original Screenplay and Best Picture. The film grossed $1.5 million (equivalent to $28 million in 2020) at the box office. Writer John Howard Reid has described the film as "one of the greatest adventure films of all time."

Plot
Stone (left) and McGregor hunting wild boar during a training exercise before a desert assault.

On the northwest frontier of India during the British Raj, Scottish Canadian Lieutenant Alan McGregor (Gary Cooper), in charge of newcomers, welcomes two replacements to the 41st Bengal Lancers: Lieutenant John Forsythe (Franchot Tone) and Lieutenant Donald Stone (Richard Cromwell), the son of the unit's commander, Colonel Tom Stone (Guy Standing). Lieutenant Stone, a "cub" (meaning a newly commissioned officer), volunteered to serve on the Indian frontier in the belief that his father specifically sent for him; while Lieutenant Forsythe, an experienced cavalrymen and something of a teasing character, was sent out as a replacement for an officer who was killed in action. After their formal introduction, Lieutenant Stone, during a heated argument with his father, realizes his father did not send for him, a discovery that breaks his heart. Attempting to show impartiality, the colonel treats his son very properly. The Colonel's military behavior and adherence to protocol is misinterpreted by young Stone, who resents such treatment from the father he has not seen since he was a boy.

Lieutenant Barrett, (Colin Tapley) disguised as a native rebel in order to spy on Mohammed Khan (Douglass Dumbrille), reports that Khan is preparing an uprising against the British. He plans to intercept and hijack a military convoy transporting two million rounds of ammunition. When Khan discovers that Colonel Stone knows of his plan, he orders Tania Volkanskaya, a beautiful Russian agent, to seduce and kidnap Lieutenant Stone in an attempt to extract classified information about the ammunition caravan from him. When the colonel refuses to attempt his son's rescue, McGregor and Forsythe, appalled by the "lack of concern" the colonel has for his own son, leave the camp at night without orders. Disguised as native merchants trying to sell blankets, they successfully get inside Mohammed Khan's fortress. However, they are recognized by Tania, who met the two men before at a civil event. McGregor and Forsythe are taken prisoner.

During a seemingly friendly interrogation, Khan says "We have ways of making men talk," and has the prisoners tortured. Their nails are ripped off and the sensitive skin underneath burned with bamboo slivers. When McGregor and Forsythe, despite the agonizing pain, refuse to speak, Stone cracks and reveals what he knows to end their torture. As a result, the ammunition convoy is captured.

After receiving news of the stolen ammunition, Colonel Stone takes the 41st to battle Mohammed Khan. From their cell, the captives see the overmatched Bengal Lancers deploy to assault Khan's fortress. They manage to escape and blow up the ammunition tower, young Stone redeeming himself by killing Khan with a dagger. With their ammunition gone, their leader dead, and their fortress in ruins as a result of the battle, the remaining rebels surrender. However, McGregor, who was principally responsible for the destruction of the ammunition tower, was killed when it exploded.

In recognition of their bravery and valor in battle, Lieutenants Forsythe and Stone are awarded the Distinguished Service Order. McGregor posthumously receives the Victoria Cross, Great Britain's highest award for military valor, with Colonel Stone pinning the medal to the saddle cloth of McGregor's horse as was the custom in the 41st Lancers (according to the film).

Cast
  • Gary Cooper as Lieutenant Alan McGregor, a highly experienced officer in his mid-thirties, who has spent a long time with the regiment. McGregor, a Canadian, is portrayed as a charming, open character who befriends most officers, but because of disregard for his superiors and habit of speaking his mind is regarded askance by his superiors, who nevertheless respect his military abilities.[5]
  • Franchot Tone as Lieutenant John Forsythe, an upper-class cavalryman in his mid-twenties from the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Transferred from the Blues, one of the two regiments at the time the movie was made tasked with guarding the Sovereign, Forsythe is presented as the funny guy of the main characters, and is noteworthy for his Sandhurst style in military exercise, something that earns him countless compliments from his superiors.[5]
McGregor (left) and Forsythe lighting a cigarette with their heavily burned fingers during captivity.
  • Richard Cromwell as Lieutenant Donald Stone, a recent graduate of Sandhurst and a very young officer. As the son of a colonel with a famous name, he is treated respectfully but becomes frustrated and morose because of personal issues with his father.[5]
  • Guy Standing as Colonel Tom Stone, a long-serving colonel who left his home in Britain to serve on the Frontier, and explains to his son in the film that the "service always comes first ... something your mother never understood." He is considered to be a dyed-in-the-wool, by-the-book colonel who suppresses his feelings and never does anything without orders.[5]
  • C. Aubrey Smith as Major Hamilton, an old, very experienced major who serves as Colonel Stone's adjutant and Lieutenant Stone's second father and friend. He, along with his chief, planned and coordinated the big assault on Mohammad Khan's fortress.[5]
  • Kathleen Burke as Tania Volkanskaya, a beautiful and seductive young Russian woman who is Khan's ally. She is used as Khan's secret ace, who seduces young men when needed to forward Khan's plans. It was she who, with considerable ease, outwitted first Stone and then McGregor and Forsythe.[5]
  • Douglass Dumbrille as Mohammed Khan, a well-known, wealthy prince of the region, educated at Oxford and ostensibly a friend of the British. He is also the secret rebel leader who fights for Bengal's independence from the British Crown. He is portrayed as the film's villain and is responsible for the death and torture of many people.[5]
  • Colin Tapley as Lieutenant Barrett, a close friend of Lieutenant McGregor who has been ordered to infiltrate Khan's group of bandits and delivers vital information about the rebels' location and movement.[5]
  • Lumsden Hare as Major General Woodley, the man in command of the British intelligence service in India. He is disliked by most of the regiment's officers, especially McGregor, because his orders usually involve training exercises in locations where the pig-sticking is good. He thought of and approved the attack on Khan's stronghold.[5]
  • J. Carrol Naish as Grand Vizier
  • James Dime[6]

Production

Stock crisis

Paramount originally planned to produce the film in 1931 and sent cinematographers Ernest B. Schoedsack and Rex Wimpy to India to film location shots such as a tiger hunt.[7][8] However, much of the film stock deteriorated in the hot sun while on location, so when the film was eventually made, much of the production took place in the hills surrounding Los Angeles, where Paiute Native Americans were used as extras.[7][8]

Filming

Among the filming locations were Lone Pine, Calif., Buffalo Flats in Malibu, Calif., the Paramount Ranch in Agoura, Calif., and the Iverson Movie Ranch in Chatsworth, Calif.[7] For the climactic half-hour battle sequence at the end of the film, an elaborate set was built in the Iverson Gorge, part of the Iverson Movie Ranch, to depict Mogala, the mountain stronghold of Mohammed Khan.[7]

Release

Box office

The film was released in American cinemas in January 1935.[5][9] It was a big success at the box office and kicked off a cycle of Imperial adventure tales, including The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936), Another Dawn (1937), Gunga Din (1939), The Four Feathers (1939), and The Real Glory (1939).[10] The film grossed $1.5 million worldwide (equivalent to $28 million in the 2020s).[10] It was the second most popular film at the British box office in 1935-36.[11][12] The film was released on the eleventh of January 1935 and by the end of the year was the eleventh highest grossing film of 1935 nationally. However, it was the highest grossing film in the western states of Nebraska, Montana, Idaho and Utah and was the second highest grossing film in Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Wisconsin, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Florida, Kentucky and Tennessee.[13][14] Mutiny on the Bounty came in first place nationally as well as in the aforementioned twelve states.[15] The film was so successful that it led to Gary Cooper being booked to star in a number of films of similar plots that were also set in "exotic" locales, including Beau Geste, The Real Glory, North West Mounted Police and Distant Drums.[16]

Critical reception and influence
The Lives of a Bengal Lancer promotion poster from 1935 showcasing Gary Cooper.

Laura Elston from the magazine Canada wrote that The Lives of a Bengal Lancer did "more glory to the British traditions than the British would dare to do for themselves."[10] In response to the film success, Frederick Herron of the Motion Picture Association of America wrote "Hollywood is doing a very good work in selling the British Empire to the world."[10] Writer John Howard Reid noted in his book Award-Winning Films of the 1930s that the film is considered "one of the greatest adventure films of all time" and highly praised Hathaway's work by saying "the film really made his reputation."[17] It also received a praised review in Boys' Life magazine, starting off the review with the words "You will be immensely pleased with The Lives of a Bengal lancer" and went on to compare the style and class of the three main characters to that of The Three Musketeers.[18] The film holds an overall approval rating of 100% on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 9 reviews, with a rating average of 8 out of 10.[19]

Critic Otis Gerguson said he was "taken by the show, imperialism and all." Andre Sennwald of The New York Times said the film "glorified the British Empire better than any film produced in Britain for that purpose." Sennwald added that Paramount's "Kiplingesque" movie "ought to prove a blessing to Downing Street." The film proved so popular in the United States that it spurred a series of imperial films that continued throughout the decade and into the next decade. Frank S. Nugent, also of The New York Times, wrote that "England need have no fears for its empire so long as Hollywood insists upon being the Kipling of the Pacific." Nugent commented that movies such as The Lives of a Bengal Lancer and The Charge of the Light Brigade were far more pro-British than actual British filmmakers would ever dare to be, he said that "In its veneration of British colonial policy, in its respect for the omniscience and high moral purpose of His, or Her, Majesty's diplomatic repsentatives and in its adulation of the courage, the virtue and the manly beauty of English soldiery abroad, Hollywood yields to no one--not even to the British filmmakers themselves."[20]

In Fascist Italy, Mussolini's motion picture bureau had the movie banned, as well as several other British-themed American movies including Lloyd's of London and The Charge of the Light Brigade, on the grounds that they were "propaganda". This was seen as an irony in Hollywood, due to the fact that the movies were made to be deliberately apolitical, and were intended to be purely fun escapism.[21]

According to Ivone Kirkpatrick, who met Adolf Hitler at Berchtesgaden in 1937, one of Hitler's favorite films was The Lives of a Bengal Lancer, which he had watched three times.[22] He liked the film because "it depicted a handful of Britons holding a continent in thrall. That was how a superior race must behave and the film was a compulsory viewing for the S.S."[22][23] Also, his valet recalled that Hitler enjoyed the film.[24][25][26] It was one of the eleven US movies that, from 1933 to 1937, were considered "artistically valuable" by the Nazi authorities.[27]

Plot discrepancies

The film The Lives of a Bengal Lancer shares nothing with the source book, except the setting. [28] Reid noted in Award-Winning Films of the 1930s that "none of the characters in the book appear in the screenplay, not even Yeats-Brown himself. The plot of the film is also entirely different."[28]

Home media

The Paramount picture was distributed to home media on VHS on March 1, 1992 and on DVD on May 31, 2005.[8][29] It has since been released in multiple languages and is included in several multi-film collections.[30]

Awards

The film was nominated for the following Academy Awards, winning in one category:[8][31]

Award Nominee Result
Best Picture Louis D. Lighton Nominated
Best Art Direction Hans Dreier
Roland Anderson		 Nominated
Best Assistant Director Clem Beauchamp
Paul Wing		 Won
Best Directing Henry Hathaway Nominated
Best Film Editing Ellsworth Hoagland Nominated
Best Sound Recording Franklin B. Hansen Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay William Slavens McNutt
Grover Jones
Waldemar Young
John L. Balderston
Achmed Abdullah		 Nominated
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See also

References
  1. https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/5531?sid=5b751402-e114-47c3-9c1d-c07512b9c673&sr=7.186763&cp=1&pos=0
  2. Deis, Robert (January 11, 2015). "The Origin of the Movie Cliché "We Have Ways of Making You Talk!"". This Day in Quotes. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
  3. Knowles 1999, p. 196.
  4. "Top 15 Film Misquotes" (October 18, 2007). Listverse. Retrieved July 13, 2015.
  5. "The Lives of a Bengal Lancer" (January 12, 1935). The New York Times. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
  6. Freese, Gene Scott (April 10, 2014). Hollywood Stunt Performers, 1910s-1970s: A Biographical Dictionary (2nd ed.). McFarland & Company. p. 75. ISBN 9780786476435.
  7. Richards 1973, pp. 120–123.
  8. "Review: The Lives of a Bengal Lancer" (December 31, 1934). Variety. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  9. "The Lives of a Bengal Lancer". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved September 15, 2014.
  10. Welky 2008, pp. 88–89.
  11. "The Film Business in the United States and Britain during the 1930s" by John Sedgwick and Michael Pokorny, The Economic History ReviewNew Series, Vol. 58, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp.97
  12. Richard Jewel, 'RKO Film Grosses: 1931-1951', Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, Vol 14 No 1, 1994Glancy, H Mark (1995).
  13. "Warner Bros Film Grosses, 1921–51: the William Schaefer ledger". Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television.
  14. Eileen S. Quigley. International Motion Picture Almanac, 1938
  15. The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study.
  16. Gary Cooper, An Intimate Biography by Hector Arce. Bantam Books, 1980
  17. Reid 2004, pp. 118–119.
  18. Mathiews 1935.
  19. "The Lives of a Bengal Lancer". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
  20. The American Experience in World War II: The United States and the road to war in Europe by Walter L. Hixson, Taylor & Francis, 2003 pg. 24
  21. Hollywood Goes to War: Films and American Society, 1939-1952 By Colin Shindler pg. 2
  22. Sir Ivone Kirkpatrick, The Inner Circle (London: Macmillan, 1959), p. 97.
  23. David Faber (2009). Munich, 1938: Appeasement and World War II. Simon and Schuster. p. 40. ISBN 143913233X.
  24. DAlmeida, Fabrice (2008). High Society in the Third Reich. Polity Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-7456-4311-3.
  25. Hamilton, Charles (1984). Leaders & Personalities of the Third Reich, Vol. 1. R. James Bender Publishing. p. 158. ISBN 0-912138-27-0.
    • Toland, John (1977) [1976]. Adolf Hitler: The Definitive Biography. London: Book Club Associates. p. 411.
  27. Ursula Saekel: Der US-Film in der Weimarer Republik - ein Medium der "Amerikanisierung"?: Deutsche Filmwirtschaft, Kulturpolitik und mediale Globalisierung im Fokus transatlantischer Interessen. Verlag Schoeningh Ferdinand, 2011, ISBN 3506771744, p. 169, 255, 258
  28. Reid 2004, p. 120.
  29. "The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (VHS)". Amazon. Retrieved December 4, 2014.
  30. "The Oscars 30' Collection – 5 DVD Set". Amazon. Retrieved December 4, 2014.
  31. "The Lives of a Bengal Lancer – Film by Hathaway (1935)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved July 13, 2015.

Sources
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