Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu

Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu Hyōhō (天眞正自源流兵法) is a koryu (ancient martial art) specializing in iaijutsu (quick-draw sword art) and kenjutsu (swordsmanship) founded by Tose Yosazaemon Osamune around the Eiroku Era (1558- 1570).[1] The system also teaches Yawara (柔), Naginata (長刀) Sōjutsu (槍術) and Nagamaki (長巻) as part of the curriculum. The current headmaster of the Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu is Ueno Kagenori Genki (上野景範源己).[2]

Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu Hyōhō
(天眞正自源流兵法)
Ko-ryū
Foundation
FounderTose Yosazaemon Osamune
(c. 1540- c. 1600)[1]
Date foundedEiroku Era
(1558- 1570)
Period foundedMuromachi period
Current information
Current headmasterUeno Kagenori Genki 上野景範源己
Arts taught
ArtDescription
KenjutsuSwordsmanship
IaijutsuQuick-draw Sword Art
NaginatajutsuGlaive art
SōjutsuSpear art
Nagamakilong wrapping
BōjutsuStaff art
YawaraUnarmed grappling art
Ancestor schools
Hakugen Ryu, Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto Ryu
Descendant schools
Jigen Ryu, Ryushin Shouchi Ryu

History

According to the written scrolls passed down within the successors of the school[2] , Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu traces back its roots to Jigensai Kazutō Jiichibō (自源齋一任自一坊), founder of Hakugen Ryu (白源流) in the 10th century. His techniques were based on Kashima no Tachi Shinmyoken (鹿島之太刀神妙剣), which was created by Kunima Masato (國摩真人) in the early 5thcentury and it is regarded as the first sword school of Japan.

Hakugen Ryu was inherited by the Minamoto clan (源氏), Oide clan, Urabe clan (Priests of Kashima), and finally Yaobettō Kenko (八尾別當顕幸) also known as Yaobettō Kaneyuki, the 14th inheritor. Yaobettō integrated the theories of Hakugen Ryu and Minamoto Ryu (源流) and called it Jiken Ryu (自顕流).

The Tenshisho Jigen Ryu Hyōhō (天眞正自源流兵法) was founded by Tose Yosazaemon Osamune (十瀬 与三左衛門 長宗, c. 1540- c. 1600) around the Eiroku Era (1558-1570). Tose was a land-holding samurai from Hitachi province in Japan.[3] He inherited the scrolls of Jiken ryu from Yaobettō Kenko[2] and, in his twenties, he traveled to Katori Shrine where he came under the instruction of Iizasa Wakasa no Kami Morinobu, the third headmaster of the Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto Ryu. After five years of training he received a menkyo kaiden (license of mastery). After completing his training in Katori he moved on to continue his studies at Kashima Shrine where he underwent a spiritual ordeal and received, via an oracle, a catalog of martial techniques in a divine inspiration from Takemikazuchi.[3] In addition, he received a vision of technique so swift that with it he could cut a flying swallow out of the air. From this inspiration he named his new system Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu, taking the “Tenshinsho” (true and correct transmission from the deity of Katori Shrine- Futsunushi) from the Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto Ryu, and adding the term “self-power revelation” (Jigen) which had come to him after his spiritual ordeal at Kashima Shrine.[1] From this point, the version of the lineage described in the school tradition differs from other sources.[3]

In these sources, Tose's student, Kaneko Shinkuro Morisada (金子 新九郎 盛貞, c. 1520- c. 1585), would eventually carry on the tradition by becoming the second headmaster. [3] The third headmaster of the Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu Hyōhō would be Terasaka Yakuro Masatsune (赤坂 弥九郎 政雅, 1567- 1594), also known by his Buddhist dharma name, Zenkitsu (善吉, also read Zenkichi). He was the chief Buddhist priest of the Tennji Temple near Kyoto.[3] Although his life was short lived he did manage to pass on the Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu to Togo Shigekata (東郷 重位, 1560- 1643), a samurai from the Satsuma domain, who after 3 years of having returned to Satsuma synthesized the Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu with the Taisha Ryu to create the Jigen Ryu.[4]

According to tradition, the Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu would remain a well-kept secret in the Satsuma clan through the Jigen Ryu and Yakumaru Jigen Ryu lines, and passed down through a series of dai (a line of headmasters not related by blood) for nearly 400 years.[2]

In 1963, the Tenshisho Jigen Ryu would see a revival under the 27th headmaster, Ueno Yasuyuki Genshin (上野 靖之 源心, 1913- 1972), when he began instructing at the Shobukan in Asakusa, Tokyo until his death in 1972.[2] Ueno would pass on the Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu to his two sons, Ueno Kagenori Genki (上野 景範 源己) and Ueno Takashi Doushin (上野 貴史 童心). They later succeeded Ueno in becoming the 28th and 29th headmasters.[2] Ueno would also instruct Kawabata Terutaka (河端 照孝, b. 1940) who went on to create the Ryushin Shouchi Ryu.[5]

Today, Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu has its headquarters in Saitama Prefecture. It is headed by 29th headmaster, Ueno Takashi Doushin, and Ueno Kagenori, the present headmaster of the school. Ueno Kagenori has conducted several seminars outside Japan, specifically in West Virginia, North Carolina and Florida, U.S.A.[2]

Lineage


1. Jigensai Kazutō Jiichibō
自源齋一任自一坊
Hakugen Ryu
14. Yaobettō Kaneyuki, Kenko
八尾別当顕幸
Jiken Ryu
3. Iizasa Wakasa no Kami Morinobu
飯篠 若狭守 盛信
Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto Ryu		15 (1). Tose Yosazaemon Osamune
十瀬 与三左衛門 長宗
Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu
16 (2).Kaneko Shinkuro Morisada
金子 新九郎 盛貞
Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu
17 (3). Terasaka Yakuro Masatsune
赤坂 弥九郎 政雅
Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu		1. Togo Shigekata
東郷 重位
Jigen Ryu
27 (13). Ueno Yasuyuki Genshin
上野 靖之 源心
Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu		1. Kawabata Terutaka
河端 照孝
Ryushin Shouchi Ryu
28 (14). Ueno Kagenori Genki
上野 景範 源己
Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu
29 (15). Ueno Takashi Doushin
上野 貴史 童心
Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu

Philosophy

The philosophy of Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu is to have pride in the five virtues and to cultivate the spirit of simplicity and fortitude. These five virtues are represented on the different parts of the Japanese sword.

Virtue Translation Component Translation
Jin (仁) Humanity Tsuka (柄) Handle
Gi (義) Justice Saya (鞘) Scabbard
Rei (礼) Propriety Tsuba (鍔) Hand Guard
Chi (智) Wisdom Kazari (飾り) Ornaments on the sword
Shin (信) Faith Sageo (下げ緒) Long cord attached to the scabbard

The spirit of simplicity and fortitude is often represented by a special four character idiom, Shitsu Jitsu Gou Ken (質実剛健), which translates as “Unaffected and sincere, with fortitude and vigor”

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References
  1. Hall, David A. (2012). Encyclopedia of Japanese Martial Arts. New York: Kodansha USA. pp. 515–516. ISBN 978-1-56836-410-0.
  2. "天眞正自源流とは". Official Tenshinsho Jigen Ryu Website. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  3. 雪, 綿谷 (1978). 武芸流派大事典 (増補大改訂版 ed.). 東京: 東京コピイ出版部. p. 599.
  4. 加来, 耕三 (2015). 日本武術・武道大事典. Tokyo: 勉誠出版. p. 78. ISBN 978-4585200321.
  5. "正誠館の沿革". 正誠館. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
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