Suruç

Suruç (pronounced [ˈsuɾutʃ], Kurdish: Pirsûs[3], Syriac: ܣܪܘܓ‎ Sruḡ[4]) is a rural district and city of Şanlıurfa Province of Turkey. It lies on a plain in the south of Turkish Kurdistan, near the Syria-Turkey border, 46 kilometres (29 mi) south-west of the city of Urfa.

"Saruj" redirects here. For the village in Iran, see Saruj, Iran.
Suruç
Suruç
Coordinates: 36°58′35″N 38°25′37″E
Country Turkey
ProvinceŞanlıurfa
Government
 • Elected mayorHatice Çevik (HDP)
 • KaymakamKenan Aktaş
Area
 • District735.19 km2 (283.86 sq mi)
Population
 (2012)[2]
 • Urban
56,963
 • District
101,351
 • District density140/km2 (360/sq mi)
Post code
63800
Websitewww.suruc.bel.tr

History

In antiquity the Sumerians built a settlement in the area. The city was a centre of silk-making. They were succeeded by a number of other Mesopotamian civilisations.

The Roman Emperor Constantine I brought the town under the control of the city of Edessa (modern-day Şanlıurfa). One of the most famous residents of the district is its 6th-century Syriac bishop and poet-theologian Jacob of Serugh.[5] The Roman Catholic Church hold the bishopric as a titular see of that church,[6] though they had little presence in the area, while the Syriac church holds a separate Bishopric in the town.

Tell-Batnan was visited by emperor Julian on his march from Antioch to the Euphrates in 363.[7]

The town was surrendered to the Rashidun Arabs in 639. It was later controlled by Crusaders (in 1098), and Muslims again (in 1127).

The city was then destroyed in the Mongol invasions, and in 1517 the area was brought into the Ottoman Empire by Selim I.

Suruç was occupied in 1918 by British and in 1919 by French troops, but was freed by a local resistance struggle. Today, Suruç is inhabited mostly by ethnic Kurds.

21st century

On 19 October 2014, journalist Serena Shim was killed in Suruç.

On 20 July 2015, at approximately 12:50 GMT, the 2015 Suruç bombing occurred, killing 32 people and injuring others outside the Amara Cultural Center.[8]

Ahead of the June 24th anticipated 2018 Turkish elections, four people were killed in Suruç while an AKP candidate toured the city's market.[9] According to pro-Kurdish sources, AKP Ibrahim Halil Yıldız went to local shopkeeper Hacı Esvet Şenyaşar where a brawl started.[10]

  • Celal Şenyaşar, son of Haci Esvet Şenyaşar, during the initial brawl at the shop, was shot and killed there.[10]
  • Mehmet Şenyaşar, son of Haci Esvet Şenyaşar, visiting the hospital following the brawl, was attacked and hit on the head repeatedly with an oxygen tank and killed.[10]
  • Haci Esvet Şenyaşar, the shop keeper, was lynched at the Suruç hospital.[10]
  • Mehmet Ali Yıldız, brother of MP Yıldız, died at the Mehmet Akif Inan Hospital in Urfa.[10]
  • One of his bodyguards of Mehmet Ali Yıldız, died at the Mehmet Akif Inan Hospital in Urfa.[10]

The Suruç hospital camera were damaged.[10] This events happened days after Erdogan was filmed encouraging identification and intimidation of opposition voters on sites.[11]

Politics

In the local elections on 31 March 2019 Hatice Çevik was elected as Mayor.[12] Kenan Aktaş was appointed Kaymakam, as representative of the state.[13] On the 15 November 2019 Çevik was detained, and the next day she was dismissed and Kenan Aktaş appointed as a trustee.[14]

Ecclesiastical history of Batnae

Batnae (or Batnæ) was important enough in the Roman province of Osroene to become a suffragan bishopric of its capital Edessa's Metropolitan, yet was to fade. The most famous Bishop of the city was Jacob of Serugh – The great Syriac Christian hymnographer born around 451 at Kurtam on the Euphrates and educated at Edessa becoming a priest at Hawra in the Serugh district, as a wandering pastor of several villages. At the age of 67 he was made bishop of Batnan, where he died around 521. Jacob avoided the theological controversies of his age, and is claimed with equal eagerness by Chalcedonian and non-Chalcedonian Christians as one of their own. He wrote several Hymns, 760 homilies and the Syriac translation of Evagrius.[15]

Another Bishop was Abraham of Batnae[16] a contemporary of Basil of Caesarea. fl373

The bishopric would be nominally restored in two different titular bishoprics, for different Catholic rite-specific particular churches.

Syriac titular see

Established in the early 20th century, under repeatedly changed names: 'Bathna(-Jarug), Bathnan(Sarugh), Bathnae). Suppressed in 1933, restored under its present name in 1965.

It has had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (episcopal) rank :

  • Teofilo Gabriele Tappouni (Dionisio) (1913.01.19 – 1921.02.24), as Auxiliary Eparch of Mardin and Amida of the Syriacs (Turkey) (1912.09.14 – 1921.02.24); previously titular bishop of Danaba-orum (1912.09.14 – 1913.01.19); later Archeparch of Aleppo of the Syriacs (Syria) (1921.02.24 – 1929.06.24), Eparch of Mardin and Amida of the Syriacs (1929.06.24 – 1962), Patriarch of Antioch of the Syriacs (Lebanon) ([1929.06.24] 1929.07.15 – 1968.01.29), created Cardinal-Priest of Ss. XII Apostoli (1935.12.19 – 1965.02.11), promoted Cardinal-Patriarch (1965.02.11 – 1968.01.29)
  • Atanasio Behnam Kalian (1921.02.26 – 1929.08.06) as Auxiliary Bishop of Antioch of the Syriacs (Lebanon) (1921.02.26 – 1929.08.06), Auxiliary Bishop of Mardin and Amida of the Syriacs (Turkey) (1921.02.26 – 1929.08.06), later Archeparch of Baghdad of the Syriacs (Iraq) (1929.08.06 – death 1949.02.17)
  • Bishop-elect Basile Pierre Habra (1963.05.01 – 1963.07.06)[17]
  • Gregorios Elias Tabé (1995.06.24 – 1996.05.25) as Auxiliary Bishop of Antioch of the Syriacs (Lebanon) (1995.06.24 – 1997), later titular bishop of Mardin of the Syriacs (1996.05.25 – 1999.05.08), Bishop of Curia of the Syriacs (1997 – 1999.05.08), Coadjutor Archeparch of Damascus of the Syriacs (Syria) (1999.05.08 – 2001.06.24), succeeding as Metropolitan Archbishop of Damascus of the Syriacs (2001.06.24 – ...)
  • Grégoire Pierre Abdel-Ahad (1996.06.29 – 2001.02.16) while Patriarchal Vicar of Jerusalem of the Syriacs (Palestine and Jordan) (1978–1991 and 1991–2000), later Patriarch of Antioch of the Syriacs (Lebanon) ([2001.02.16] 2001.02.24 – 2008.01.25), President of Synod of the Syriac Catholic Church (2001.02.24 – 2008.01.25)
  • Grégoire Pierre Melki (2002.02.25 – ...), Patriarchal Exarch of Jerusalem of the Syriacs (Palestine and Jordan, see in the Holy Land)
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gollark: You can define arbitrary operators as functions and set the precedence/infixness.
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gollark: I like how you say this as if any of the code exists whatsoever.
gollark: Well, it's beeoidal to unoptimize stuff and just hope it'll be optimized again later.

See also

References
  1. "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
  2. "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
  3. Avcýkýran, Dr. Adem (ed.). "Kürtçe Anamnez, Anamneza bi Kurmancî" (PDF). Tirsik. p. 57. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  4. "Serugh - Syriaca.org".
  5. Basil Watkins, The Book of Saints: A Comprehensive Biographical Dictionary (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015).
  6. Titular Episcopal See of Batnæ at GCatholic.org.
  7. Michael H. Dodgeon, Samuel N. C. Lieu, The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars AD 226-363 (Routledge, 2002) p362.
  8. "Suspected ISIS bombing kills 27 in Turkish border town". 20 July 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
  9. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44486003 BBC News
  10. What happened in Suruç? http://english.ajansfirat.com/anf-news-features/what-happened-in-suruc-2/
  11. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44486003
  12. Şafak, Yeni (2019-07-11). "Şanlıurfa Suruç Seçim Sonuçları – Suruç Yerel Seçim Sonuçları". Yeni Şafak (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  13. "Suruç Kaymakamlığı". www.suruc.gov.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  14. "4 HDP mayors in southeastern Turkey dismissed on terror charges". DailySabah. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  15. St. Jacobus of Sarug, Bishop of Batnæ .
  16. NPNF2-08. Basil: Letters and Select Works.(CCEL)
  17. "Titular See of Batnæ, Turkey (Syriac Rite)". GCatholic. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
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