Seelbach Hotel

The Seelbach Hilton is a historic hotel in Louisville, Kentucky, founded by Bavarian-born immigrant brothers Louis and Otto Seelbach. It opened in 1905 as the Seelbach Hotel, envisioned by the Seelbach Brothers to embody the old-world grandeur of European hotels in cities such as Vienna and Paris. To do so in early 20th century Louisville, they employed a French Renaissance design in constructing the hotel.[5] Louis was already a restaurant owner in Louisville when his brother Otto joined him from Germany around 1890, forming the Seelbach Hotel Co.[6] The company began construction on the hotel in 1903.

Seelbach Hotel
The Seelbach Hilton Hotel on 4th Street and Muhammad Ali Boulevard.
General information
Address500 South 4th Street, Louisville, Kentucky, United States, 40202
Coordinates38°15′3″N 85°45′29″W
OpeningMay 1, 1905
OwnerHilton Hotels & Resorts
Design and construction
ArchitectFrank Mills Andrews, William J. Dodd[1] and Paul Emil Moosmiller[2][3]
Website
www.seelbachhilton.com
Seelbach Hotel
Area2 acres (0.81 ha)
Architectural styleBeaux Arts Baroque
NRHP reference No.75000775[4]
Added to NRHPAugust 12, 1975

The hotel was quickly regarded among the finest hotels in the United States and throughout its long history has been frequented by many notable Americans—for instance F. Scott Fitzgerald, who took inspiration from the Seelbach for a hotel in The Great Gatsby. The hotel is part of the Hilton Hotels & Resorts chain.

History

1869–1924

Louis Seelbach and his brother Otto emigrated from Frankenthal, Germany, a small, rural town in Bavaria. Louis Seelbach arrived in Louisville in 1869 at age 17, shortly after reaching the United States. He worked in the first Galt House for a time upon his arrival, but after turning 22 in 1874, he realized that he had greater ambitions. He opened the Seelbach Bar & Grill that same year, and quickly built it into a flourishing enterprise. The success of the restaurant in Louisville's quickly expanding population and economy allowed Louis Seelbach to bring his brother Otto from Germany to help open the first Seelbach Hotel in 1891 above the bar & grill on 6th and Main.[7]

A photo of the Seelbach Hotel and the surrounding neighborhood in 1910

The brothers were intent on building Louisville's first grand hotel: a hotel reflecting the opulence of European hotels. They purchased a piece of property at the corner of 4th and Walnut (now Muhammad Ali Blvd) Streets, broke ground in December 1903, and opened the doors on May 1, 1905, just in time for the Kentucky Derby.[8]

On the opening day, over 25,000 people visited the hotel. The Seelbach hosted a gala that evening, with dinner parties in each of the 150 rooms.[9] The structure incorporated marble from Italy, Germany and France, along with wood from the West Indies and Europe.[10]

The hotel attracted large numbers of patrons in its first two years, and, luckily, the Seelbach Realty Company—formed in 1902 before the property purchase—had been planning from opening day to expand the hotel. On January 1, 1907, the second phase opened, raising the number of rooms to 500. The lower two floors of the ten-story structure were faced with stone, while the upper floors were brick. Work included enclosing the rooftop garden to allow it to be used as a winter garden.[11] This new and improved Seelbach regularly hosted guests of the Kentucky Derby.

1925–2009

In 1925, Louis, president of the Seelbach Hotel Co., died, creating a need for new management. On April 1, 1926, Chicago-based businessman Abraham M. Liebling bought the hotel for approximately $2.5 million.[12] In 1929, he sold the hotel to the Eppley Hotel Company for $2 million.[13] Mr. Eppley, of Omaha, Nebraska, owned many hotels throughout the Midwest, but eventually sold The Seelbach Hotel and all his other properties in 1956 to Sheraton as part of a $30 million deal. This made the Seelbach part of the second largest hotel sale in all of US history.[14] The hotel became the Sheraton-Seelbach Hotel, but its name was soon shortened to just the Sheraton Hotel. Sheraton sold the hotel, along with seventeen other aging properties, to Gotham Hotels in 1968 and it regained its original name.[15] Following a severe national economic slump in 1975, it closed after the owners went bankrupt.

4th St, one of the crossroads that The Seelbach sits on, in 1910

In 1978, Louisville native and Hollywood television actor, Roger Davis, bought the Seelbach. Restoration work began in early 1979 and continued until the grand re-opening on April 12, 1982.[16] National Hotels Corporation, a subsidiary of Radisson Hotels and DoubleTree Hotels managed of the property which had regained much of its former reputation.[17]

The hotel has changed hands a number of times after its re-awakening. When MeriStar Hospitality Corp bought the hotel in 1998 and it became The Seelbach Hilton.[18] The Seelbach was, by 2009, jointly owned by Interstate Hotels & Resorts and Investcorp and operating under the Hilton flag. In 2009, the hotel finished a renovation at a cost of $12 million.[19]

Impact on Louisville

At the time of construction, little else existed in the area around 4th and Walnut Streets. When the Seelbach brothers proposed their project, the Mayor of Louisville said, "No one will come to a hotel so far away." Several others attempted to discourage building on property so far from the 'center' of Louisville.[9] Since then, Louisville has expanded and the Seelbach Hotel has long been astride one of the city's booming shopping and business districts. Between the 1930s and 1960s, the Seelbach Hotel even anchored an area with Louisville's "best shops".[20] Although it fell into disrepair for a period, today the area is again a bustling cultural and commercial center. The area surrounding the hotel is also filled with other large hotels in competition for the Louisville area guests. Not only has the city grown around the hotel, but more hotel owners were inspired to build in the same area after seeing the Seelbach's success.

Notable guests
Al Capone, a frequent Seelbach guest

Presidents

Many US Presidents have chosen to spend time at the hotel while in Louisville, including William Howard Taft (1911), Woodrow Wilson (1916), Franklin D. Roosevelt (1938), Harry Truman (1948), John F. Kennedy (1962), Lyndon B. Johnson (1964), Jimmy Carter (1970s), Bill Clinton (1998), and George W. Bush (2002).[21]

Gangsters

Lucky Luciano, Dutch Schultz, and Al Capone—who was a frequent guest of the Seelbach—stayed at the hotel, often for clandestine poker games. One story from the 1920s involves Al Capone sneaking out through a series of secret stairways and tunnels when Louisville Police broke up one of these games.[22] Hotel staff are frequently eager to show the Al Capone room (if it is unoccupied) and give its history.

Others

The Rolling Stones, Whitney Houston, Elvis Presley, Billy Joel, Robin Williams, Russell Crowe, Julia Child, Wolfgang Puck, and Shorty Rossi, reality TV personality of Pit Boss are among those celebrities who have stayed at the Seelbach.[23]

F. Scott Fitzgerald frequented the hotel in April 1918, while training for his deployment in World War I. One night after expensive bourbon and cigars however, he had to be restrained and was ejected from the hotel.[24] This experience seemingly did not tarnish his memories however, as he later included a fictional hotel akin to the Seelbach as the setting for the wedding of Tom and Daisy Buchanan in The Great Gatsby.[25] In this story it is referenced that Tom "Rented out an entire floor of the Mulbach hotel" which could either refer to the Grand Ballroom (once located on the roof of the hotel) or the Rathskeller room (located in the basement) where Fitzgerald often went to the bar.[26]

Hotel
The Seelbach undergoing restoration work in 1979

The hotel appears on the National Register of Historic Places and is considered "Louisville's Historic Hotel".[27]

Amenities

The Seelbach offers its guests in Louisville access its restaurant The Oakroom, fitness center, and valet parking, among other standard features of a luxury hotel.[28]

Restaurants

Restaurants in the Seelbach include The Oakroom, Gatsby's on Fourth, and Starbucks. The Oakroom is Kentucky's only AAA Five Diamond Restaurant Award winner, one of 44 in the nation[29] while the Rathskellar, decorated with Rookwood Pottery, was a rare and distinctively Seelbach south-German influenced restaurant.[27] Today the Rathskeller is used for occasional private events. Coming from German, the term "Rathskeller", means "council's cellar" and is a common name in German-speaking countries that refers to a bar or restaurant located in the basement of a city hall (Rathaus). The word "Rath" has nothing to do with the German word "Ratten" (rats) as has been mistakenly reported in some instances. There is a cocktail named after The Seelbach Hotel, called The Seelbach, which contains bourbon, triple sec, two kinds of bitters and topped with a brut sparkling wine or champagne.

In film

The Seelbach Hotel was featured in the 1999 Russell Crowe/Al Pacino film The Insider.

The hotel has also been featured in The Hustler and The Great Gatsby (2013).[30]

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See also

References

Footnotes
  1. Courier-Journal, 1903, Jun 27, pg. 4 "ARCHITECTS FOR NEW SEELBACH'S HOTEL ARE SELECTED"
  2. Courier-Journal, 1989, April 29, pg. 19
  3. Historic American Buildings Survey, HABS No. KY-146. Prepared by David Arbogast & Susan McCown. 1974/1981
  4. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  5. Johnson (2005), p. 18.
  6. Johnson (2005), pp. 14–16.
  7. Johnson (2005), p. 14.
  8. Johnson (2005), pp. 16–18.
  9. Johnson (2005), p. 17.
  10. Johnson (2005), p. 20.
  11. Johnson (2005), p. 34.
  12. Johnson (2005), pp. 39–40.
  13. Johnson (2005), p. 50.
  14. "Closing the Gap". Time. June 4, 1956. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  15. National Park Service (n.d.). Historic American Buildings Survey: Seelbach Hotel (PDF). National Park Service. HABS No. KY-148 – via Library of Congress.
  16. Johnson (2005), pp. 56–68.
  17. Johnson (2005), p. 21.
  18. Karman, John R., III (June 11, 2001). "Seelbach Hotel Owner Bought by Texas REIT". Louisville Business First. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  19. "Renovations at The Seelbach Complete" (PDF) (Press release). The Seelbach Hilton. March 12, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 18, 2015. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  20. Johnson (2005), p. 81.
  21. Johnson (2005), pp. 85, 88, 94.
  22. Johnson (2005), pp. 82–83.
  23. Johnson (2005), p. 92.
  24. Johnson (2005), p. 36.
  25. Johnson (2005), p. 37.
  26. Harned, Carrie (2009). "The Secret Life of The Seellbach Hotel". Louisville, KY: WAVE-TV. Retrieved November 2, 2015.
  27. "Louisville's Historic Hotel". Hilton Hotels and Resorts.
  28. "Services and Amenities". Hilton Hotels and Resorts.
  29. "Five Diamond Restaurants" (PDF). AAA. January 17, 2014. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  30. "The Seelbach Experience - the Seelbach Hilton".

Works cited
  • Domine, David (2010). Insiders' Guide to Louisville. Guilford, CT: Globe-Pequot Press. ISBN 978-0-7627-5695-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Johnson, Larry (2005). The Seelbach: A Centennial Salute to Louisville's Grand Hotel. Louisville: Butler Books. ISBN 1-884532-65-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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