Ruby Keeler

Ethel Ruby Keeler[1] (August 25, 1909[1] – February 28, 1993) was a Canadian-American actress, dancer and singer most famous for her on-screen pairing with Dick Powell in a string of successful early musicals at Warner Brothers, particularly 42nd Street (1933). From 1928 to 1940, she was married to actor and singer Al Jolson. She retired from show business in the 1940s, but made a widely publicized comeback on Broadway in 1971.

Ruby Keeler
Born	Ethel Ruby Keeler (1909-08-25)August 25, 1909 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
Died	February 28, 1993(1993-02-28) (aged 83) Rancho Mirage, California, U.S.
Resting place	Holy Sepulcher Cemetery, Orange, California, U.S.
Occupation	Actress, dancer, singer
Years active	1923–1989
Spouse(s)	Al Jolson ​ ( m. 1928; div. 1940) John Homer Lowe ​ ( m. 1941; died 1969)
Children	5

Early life

Keeler was born in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia in 1909 to Ralph Hector and Nellie (née Lahey) Keeler, one of six siblings in an Irish-Catholic family. Two sisters, Helen and Gertrude, had brief performing careers. Her father was a truck driver. When Ruby was three years old, her family moved to New York City where her father could get better pay.[2] Although Keeler was interested in taking dance lessons, the family could not afford to send her.

Keeler attended St. Catherine of Siena on New York's East Side, and one period each week, a dance teacher taught all styles of dance. The teacher saw potential in Keeler and spoke to her mother about Ruby's taking lessons at her studio.[3] Though her mother declined, apologizing for the lack of money, the teacher wanted to work with her so badly that she asked her mother if she would bring her to class lessons on Saturdays, and she agreed.

During the classes, a girl told her about auditions for chorus girls. The law required professional chorus girls to be at least 16 years old; although they were only 13, they decided to lie about their ages at the audition.[3] It was a tap audition, and there were a lot of other talented girls there. The stage was covered except for a wooden apron at the front. When it was Ruby's turn to dance, she asked the dance director, Julian Mitchell, if she could dance on the wooden part so that her taps could be heard. He did not answer, so she went ahead, walked up to the front of the stage, and started her routine. The director said "Who said you could dance up there?" She replied "I asked you!", and she got a job in George M. Cohan's The Rise of Rosie O'Reilly (1923), in which she made $45 per week.[3]

Early dance career

Una Merkel, Ruby Keeler and Ginger Rogers in 42nd Street (1933)

Keeler in Footlight Parade (1933)

She was around 14 years old when she was hired by Nils Granlund, the publicity manager for Loews Theaters, who also served as the stage-show producer for Texas Guinan at Larry Fay's El Fay nightclub, a speakeasy frequented by gangsters.[4][2] She was noticed by Broadway producer Charles B. Dillingham, who gave her a role in Bye, Bye, Bonnie (produced by L. Lawrence Weber), which ran for six months. She then appeared in Lucky and as Mamie in The Sidewalks of New York, also produced by Dillingham. In the later show, she was seen by Flo Ziegfeld, who sent her a bunch of roses and a note that stated "May I make you a star?"[5]

She appeared in Ziegfeld's Whoopee! (before being replaced before the opening by Ethel Shutta) in 1928, the same year she married Al Jolson.[6] The two met in Los Angeles (not at Texas Guinan's as he would claim), where Granlund had sent her to assist in the marketing campaign for The Jazz Singer. Jolson was smitten and immediately proposed. The couple married September 21, 1928 in Port Chester, New York in a private ceremony.[7][8] The two sailed the following morning for a brief honeymoon before she began her tour with Whoopee![2] She was 19 years old, and he was around 42.[9]

In 1933, producer Darryl F. Zanuck cast Keeler in the Warner Bros. musical 42nd Street opposite Dick Powell and Bebe Daniels. The film was a huge success due to Busby Berkeley's lavish innovative choreography. Following 42nd Street, Jack L. Warner gave Keeler a long-term contract and cast her in Gold Diggers of 1933, Footlight Parade, Dames and Colleen. Keeler and Jolson starred together in Go into Your Dance, which was their only film together. They are satirized in Frank Tashlin's 1937 cartoon The Woods Are Full of Cuckoos. Jolson and Keeler appeared on Broadway one last time together for the unsuccessful show Hold on to Your Hats.

Later life

In 1963, Keeler appeared in The Greatest Show on Earth, Jack Palance's television series based on the earlier Charlton Heston circus film of the same name, and made a brief cameo in the 1970 film The Phynx. In 1971, Keeler was acclaimed as a star again in the successful Broadway revival of the 1920s musical No, No, Nanette, opposite Jack Gilford, Bobby Van, Helen Gallagher and Patsy Kelly. The production was supervised by Keeler's 42nd Street director Busby Berkeley, adapted and directed by Burt Shevelove, and choreographed by Donald Saddler, who won the Tony Award for his musical staging. Keeler starred in the musical for two seasons on Broadway, followed by two additional years touring in the show.[10] After suffering a brain aneurysm in 1974, she became spokeswoman for the National Stroke Association.[11]

Honors

In 1992, a Golden Palm Star on the Palm Springs, California, Walk of Stars was dedicated to her.[12] She has a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6730 Hollywood Blvd. In 1979, she was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree by St. Bonaventure University.[13]

Personal life

Keeler and Jolson adopted a son but later divorced in 1940. In 1941, she married John Homer Lowe, a businessman, and left show business the same year. Keeler and Lowe had four children. Lowe died in 1969.

Keeler had two nephews who also worked in the film business. Joey D. Vieira, also known as Donald Keeler, is best remembered for portraying Sylvester "Porky" Brockway on TV's Lassie (retitled Jeff's Collie in syndicated reruns and on DVD) from 1954 to 1957.[14] Vieira's brother, Ken Weatherwax, played Pugsley Addams on the 1960s TV series The Addams Family.[14] Ruby's son John Lowe had a career as a Broadway stage manager for a number of productions beginning with No, No, Nanette in 1970.[15][16]

Keeler was a Catholic.[17] She was also a Republican who supported Dwight Eisenhower's campaign during the 1952 presidential election.[18]

Death

Keeler died of kidney cancer on February 28, 1993, aged 83, in Rancho Mirage, California.[11]

Filmography

Features

Year	Title	Role
1930	Show Girl in Hollywood	Herself
1933	42nd Street	Peggy Sawyer
	Gold Diggers of 1933	Polly Parker
	Footlight Parade	Bea Thorn
1934	Dames	Barbara
	Flirtation Walk	Kit Fitts
1935	Go into Your Dance	Dorothy "Dot" Wayne
	Shipmates Forever	June Blackburn
1936	Colleen	Colleen Rilley
1937	Ready, Willing and Able	Jane
1938	Mother Carey's Chickens	Katherine "Kitty" Carey
1941	Sweetheart of the Campus	Betty Blake
1970	The Phynx	Herself
1989	Beverly Hills Brats	Goldie

Short subjects

• Ruby Keeler (1929)
• Screen Snapshots Series 9, No. 20 (1930)
• And She Learned About Dames (1934)
• Screen Snapshots Series 16, No. 7 (1937)
• A Day at Santa Anita (1937)
• Hollywood Handicap (1938)
• Screen Snapshots: Hollywood Recreation (1940)

Stage work

• The Rise of Rosie O'Reilly (1923)
• Bye, Bye, Bonnie (1927)
• Lucky (1927)
• Sidewalks of New York (1927)
• Whoopee! (1928) (replaced by Ethel Shutta before opening)
• Show Girl (1929)
• Hold on to Your Hats (1940) (replaced by Eunice Healey before opening)
• No, No, Nanette (1971)

References

1. "Ethel Ruby Keeler extract". Nova Scotia Genealogy. p. Page 55900655 - Number 55900657. Retrieved October 24, 2016.
2. Foster, Charles (2003). Once Upon a Time in Paradise. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 167–176. ISBN 978-1550024647.
3. Frank, Rusty E.; Hines, Gregory (March 22, 1995). Tap! The Greatest Tap Dance Stars and Their Stories 1900–1955. Da Capo Press. p. 358. ISBN 978-0306806353. Retrieved April 30, 2019 – via Google Books.
4. Granlund, Nils Thor (1957). Blondes, Brunettes, and Bullets. New York City: David McKay Company. p. 125. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
5. Hoefling, Larry J. (January 10, 2014). Nils Thor Granlund: Show Business Entrepreneur and America's First Radio Star. New York City: McFarland & Company. p. 104. ISBN 978-0786455997. Retrieved January 23, 2016 – via Google Books.
6. Bertel, Dick; Corcoran; Ed (April 1972). "Ruby Keeler". The Golden Age of Radio. Season 3. Episode 1. Broadcast Plaza, Inc.. WTIC Hartford, Conn.
7. "Jolson Secretly Weds Ruby Keeler, Actress; Captain of Olympic Barred From Officiating". The New York Times. September 22, 1928. p. 1.
8. "Jolson Takes Third Bride". Reading Eagle. September 22, 1928. Retrieved November 14, 2010 – via Google News.
9. "Happy Birthday Ruby!". Shadow Waltz. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
10. "No, No, Nanette". Ovtur. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
11. Holden, Stephen (March 3, 1993). "Ruby Keeler, tap dancing actress, is dead at 82 (sic)". The New York Times. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
12. "Palm Springs Walk of Stars by date dedicated" (PDF). Palm Springs Walk of Stars. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 13, 2012. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
13. "Honorary Degree Recipients and Commencement Speakers". The Archives at St. Bonaventure University. Retrieved 2017-10-05.
14. Lamparski, Richard (1982). Whatever Became Of ...? Eighth Series. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 230–1. ISBN 0-517-54855-0.
15. "No, No, Nanette (1971)". Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
16. Dunn, Donald (1972). The Making of "No, No, Nanette". Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806502656.
17. Morning News, January 10, 1948, Who Was Who in America (Vol. 2)
18. Motion Picture and Television Magazine, November 1952, page 34, Ideal Publishers

External links

• Ruby Keeler on IMDb
• Ruby Keeler at the Internet Broadway Database
• Ruby Keeler at the TCM Movie Database
• Ruby Keeler at AllMovie
• Ruby Keeler profile, virtual-history.com; accessed September 19, 2014.
• Ruby Keeler at Find a Grave