Roberta Bondar

Roberta Bondar CC OOnt FRCPC FRSC (/ˈbɒndər/; born December 4, 1945) is Canada's first female astronaut and the first neurologist in space. After more than a decade as head of an international space medicine research team collaborating with NASA, Bondar became a consultant and speaker in the business, scientific, and medical communities.

Roberta Bondar CC OOnt FRCPC FRSC
Born	(1945-12-04) December 4, 1945[1] Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
Status	Retired
Nationality	Canada
Alma mater	University of Guelph University of Western Ontario University of Toronto McMaster University
Occupation	Neurologist, scientist, educator, author, photographer, astronaut
Space career
NRC/CSA Astronaut
Time in space	8 days, 1 hour, 14 minutes
Selection	1983 NRC Group
Missions	STS-42
Mission insignia
Scientific career
Fields	Neurobiology
Thesis	Neurofibrillar and neurofilamentous changes in goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) in relation to temperature (1974)
Doctoral advisor	Betty Roots

Bondar has received many honours including Companion of the Order of Canada, the Order of Ontario, the NASA Space Medal, over 28 honorary degrees, induction into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame, the International Women's Forum Hall of Fame and a star on Canada's Walk of Fame.[2]

Early life and education

Bondar was born in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, on December 4, 1945.[3] Her father, who worked for the Sault Ste. Marie Public Utilities Commission, is of Ukrainian descent, and her mother, an educator, is of English descent.[4]

Bondar's love of the sciences began as a child. Her father built a lab in the basement where she frequently conducted experiments.[3] Bondar dreamed of becoming an astronaut.[5]

Because of her determination to prove her capability as a woman, Bondar received an extensive education.[6] Bondar graduated from Sir James Dunn High School in Sault Ste. Marie Ontario.[3] She holds a Bachelor of Science in zoology and agriculture from the University of Guelph (1968), a Master of Science in experimental pathology from the University of Western Ontario (1971), a Doctor of Philosophy in neuroscience from the University of Toronto (1974), and a Doctor of Medicine from McMaster University (1977).[3] Part of Bondar's undergraduate research experience includes working with the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Forestry.[6]

Career

As one of the first six members of the Canadian Astronaut Corps selected in 1983, Bondar began astronaut training in 1984, and in 1992 she was designated Payload Specialist for the first International Microgravity Laboratory Mission (IML-1).[7] Bondar flew on the NASA Space Shuttle Discovery during Mission STS-42, January 22–30, 1992, during which she performed over 40 experiments in the Spacelab.[3][8] Her work studying the effects of low-gravity situations on the human body allowed NASA to prepare astronauts for long stays in the space station.[6]

Bondar giving an environmentalism presentation in 2007

After her astronaut career, Bondar led an international team of researchers at NASA for more than a decade, examining data obtained from astronauts on space missions to better understand the mechanisms underlying the body's ability to recover from exposure to space.[9] Bondar's research in space recovery considered the linkage to Parkinson's disease in addition to other neurological effects.[10]

Bondar pursued her interests in photography with an emphasis on natural environments; she was an Honors student in Professional Nature Photography at the Brooks Institute of Photography, Santa Barbara, California. She is the author of four photo essay books that feature her photography of the Earth.[11] These published books include Landscape of Dreams, Passionate Vision: Discovering Canada's National Parks, The Arid Edge of Earth, and Touching the Earth.[12] Bondar was also a certified sky diver, underwater diver and private pilot.[3]

Bondar has also been a consultant and speaker to diverse organizations, drawing on her expertise as an astronaut, physician, scientific researcher, photographer, author, environment interpreter, and team leader. Not only can interviews from radio and TV be found of Bondar, but she also played a role in the movie Destiny in Space. Furthermore, Bondar's expertise was consulted in programs that captured both the literal and figurative takeoff of groundbreaking science—that is, the space shuttle.[13]

In 2009, Bondar registered The Roberta Bondar Foundation as a not-for-profit charity.[14] The foundation centers on environmental awareness.

Honours, awards, and tributes

Bondar is the recipient of multiple honours and awards from organizations and universities across Canada. These honours include the Vanier Award in 1985 and the F.W. (Casey) Baldwin Award in 1985.[15]

Bondar was the first astronaut to receive a star on Canada's Walk of Fame. It was inducted on October 1, 2011 at the Elgin Theatre in Toronto.[16]

The Roberta Bondar Park and tent Pavilion is located in Bondar's home town (Sault Ste. Marie) in honour of the first female astronaut.[17] Bondar also has multiple public schools named after her.[16]

Bondar served two terms as the Chancellor of Trent University, from 2003 to 2009.[13]

In 2009, Concordia University awarded Bondar the prestigious Loyola Medal.[18]

In 2017, the Royal Canadian Mint released a limited edition 25th anniversary $25 coin entitled "A View of Canada from Space". The unveiling of this honour was done in her hometown of Sault Ste. Marie at Sault College on November 1, 2016.[19]

In 2018, Thebacha and Wood Buffalo Astronomical Society renamed its observatory to The Dr. Roberta Bondar Northern Observatory.[20]

Organizations

Status	Organization
Fellow	Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada
Member	American Academy of Neurology
Member	Canadian Neurological Society
Member	Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute
Member	Canadian Society of Aerospace Medicine
Member	College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario
Member	Canadian Stroke Society
Member	Aerospace Medical Association
Member	Albuquerque Aerostat Ascension Association
Member	American Society for Gravitational and Space Biology[15]

References

1. "Biography of Roberta Lynn Bondar". asc-csa.gc.ca.
2. "Biography". Sault Ste. Marie Public Library. Retrieved 17 April 2011.
3. "Biography of Roberta Bondar". Canadian Space Agency. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
4. "Roberta Bondar - Biography". www.cityssm.on.ca. Retrieved 2020-03-05.
5. Gibson, Karen (2014-02-01). Women in Space: 23 Stories of First Flights, Scientific Missions, and Gravity-Breaking Adventures. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-61374-847-3.
6. "Gale In Context: Biography - Document - Roberta L. Bondar". go.gale.com. Retrieved 2020-03-06.
7. "Who is Dr. Roberta Bondar?". ThoughtCo.
8. Becker, Joachim. "Astronaut Biography: Roberta Bondar". spacefacts.de.
9. R. Hughson and R. Bondar Autonomic nervous system function in space, in Handbook of Clinical Neurology (O. Appenzeller, ed.), Vol. 74 (30): 273‐305, 1999.
10. "Roberta Bondar | Speaker, Astronaut, Women in STEM Advocate & Nature Photographer". National Speakers Bureau. Retrieved 2020-03-05.
11. "Dr Roberta Bondar as Photographer | The Roberta Bondar Foundation". Retrieved 2020-03-25.
12. B. A., Political Science. "Who is Dr. Roberta Bondar?". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 2020-02-25.
13. "Dr. Roberta Bondar appointed Chancellor of Trent University" (Press release). Trent University. January 31, 2003. Retrieved 17 April 2011.
14. "About The Foundation – The Roberta Bondar Foundation". therobertabondarfoundation.org.
15. "Biography of Roberta Lynn Bondar". www.asc-csa.gc.ca. 2003-11-12. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
16. "Women's History Month – Roberta Bondar". Nellies. 2015-03-09. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
17. "Roberta Bondar Park". Sault Ste. Marie. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
18. "Roberta Bondar". Concordia University. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
19. Provenzano, Mayor Christian (2016-11-03). "Dr. Roberta Bondar honoured with commemorative coin". Christian Provenzano. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
20. "Fort Smith observatory named for Canada's first female astronaut". Cabinradio.ca. Retrieved 28 August 2018.

Further reading

• Smith Shearer, Barbara, Benjamin F Shearer (1996). Notable women in the life sciences: a biographical dictionary. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
• Joyal, Serge, and A. Kim Campbell. “A Personal Reflection on Gender Equality in Canada.” Reflecting on Our Past and Embracing Our Future: A Senate Initiative for Canada, edited by Serge Joyal and Judith Seidman, McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal; Kingston; London; Chicago, 2018, pp. 261–272. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcj2m2z.24. Accessed 25 Feb. 2020
• Hampson, Sarah. “In the Ever-Changing Orbit of the Passionate Earthling.” The Globe and Mail, 30 Apr. 2018, www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/science/final-shuttle-launch/in-the-ever-changing-orbit-of-the-passionate-earthling/article585608/
• “4 Space Veterans and 3 Novices Make Trip.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 23 Jan. 1992, www.nytimes.com/1992/01/23/us/4-space-veterans-and-3-novices-make-trip.html?searchResultPosition=1.

External links

• CSA biography
• Bondar's home page
• Video: Roberta Bondar on patriotism following the Olympics & her favourite technology (from NAIT's techlife magazine)
• Coin Honours Bondar
• The Roberta Bondar Foundation

Academic offices
Preceded by Peter Gzowski	Chancellor of Trent University 2003–2009	Succeeded by Tom Jackson