Prionoceridae

Prionoceridae
	Idgia belli from India
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Polyphaga
Infraorder:	Cucujiformia
Superfamily:	Cleroidea
Family:	Prionoceridae; Lacordaire, 1857

Prionoceridae is a small family of beetles, in the suborder Polyphaga. The form a group within the cleroid beetles and were formerly treated as a subfamily Prionocerinae within the family Melyridae. Very little is known of their life history but most species are pollen feeders as adults and occur in large numbers during spring or the host flowering season. Larvae are predatory or feed on decomposing wood.

Description

Beetles in the family are elongate with soft elytra. The elytra are often covered with rows of hairs. The margin of the eyes are not round but notched anteriorly. The head faces forward (prognathous) and the clypeal region is produced into a short flat snout. Each of the legs have five tarsi (5-5-4 in the Oedemeridae) with simple claws and a single spur on the pro-tibia. Male Idgia and Prionocerus have a comb on the inner edge of the distal tarsal segment of the foreleg.[1] The genera Nacerdes and Xanthochroa in the family Oedemeridae and some Cantharidae bear resemblance to some of the Prionoceridae.[2]

Members of the family were formerly included as a subfamily within the closely related Melyridae (the genus Lobonyx in Dasytidae). Prionoceridae have been recorded from the middle Jurassic of China (Idgiaites jurassicus) and Eocene Amber from Canada (Prionocerites tattriei).[3][4][5]

Diversity

There are around 150 species in three genera Lobonyx (Mostly Palaearctic), Prionocerus (Palaeotropical) and Idgia (Palaeotropical).

The following is a partial list of the species that have been described (the generic placement and validity are unverified and likely to be out of date) :

Genus Idgia Laporte, 1836
- Idgia abdominalis Pic, 1920
- Idgia abyssinica Champion, 1919 (Ethiopia)
- Idgia amplipennis Pic, 1923
- Idgia andrewesi Bourgeois, 1907
- Idgia angustata Champion, 1919 (N. Borneo)
- Idgia apicalis (Gerstacker, 1871)
- Idgia apicata Gorham, 1895 (Singapore)
- Idgia arabica (Walker, 1871) (Arabia)
- Idgia ardesica Pic, 1908 (China)
- Idgia assimilis (Hope, 1831)
- Idgia asirensis Wittmer, 1980
- Idgia atricornis Pic, 1920
- Idgia bagorensis Pic, 1920
- Idgia bakeri Pic, 1920
- Idgia belli Gorham, 1895 (S. India)
- Idgia bimaculata Pic, 1910 (China)
- Idgia caeruliventris Champion, 1919
- Idgia cavilabris Champion, 1919
- Idgia chloroptera Redtenbacher, 1868
- Idgia cincta Pic, 1920
- Idgia confusa Pic, 1920
- Idgia costata Pic, 1920
- Idgia costulata Pic, 1941
- Idgia curticeps Pic, 1920
- Idgia cyanea Pic, 1906
- Idgia cyanocephala Champion, 1919
- Idgia cyanipennis Pic, 1920
- Idgia cyanura Champion, 1919 (Sri Lanka)
- Idgia dasytoides Champion, 1919
- Idgia decolor Champion, 1919
- Idgia deusta Fairmaire, 1878 (China)
- Idgia dichroa Champion, 1919
- Idgia dimelaena (Walker, 1859)
- Idgia dimidiata (Gerstacker, 1871)
- Idgia diversiceps Pic, 1925
- Idgia dohertyi Pic, 1912
- Idgia dubia Gyll., 1808
- Idgia elongaticeps Pic, 1923
- Idgia femorata Champion, 1919
- Idgia flavibuccis Bourgeois, 1892
- Idgia flavicollis Redtenbacher, 1878 (China)
- Idgia flavirostris Pascoe, 1860 (China)
- Idgia flavithorax Pic, 1927
- Idgia flavilabris Champion, 1919
- Idgia flavolimbata Champion, 1919
- Idgia foveifrons Fairmaire, 1900
- Idgia fruhstorferi Pic, 1920 (Java)
- Idgia fulvicollis Reichenbach, 1849
- Idgia geniculata Champion, 1919
- Idgia gorhami Pic, 1911
- Idgia grandis Pic, 1935 (China)
- Idgia granulipennis Pic, 1920 (China)
- Idgia griseolineata Pic, 1934
- Idgia haemorrhoidalis Pic, 1906 (China)
- Idgia hoffmanni Gressitt, 1939 (China)
- Idgia huegeli (Redtenbacher, 1868) (China)
- Idgia humeralifer Pic, 1920
- Idgia incerta Pic, 1920
- Idgia indicola Champion, 1919 (Nilgiris)
- Idgia iriomoteana Nakane, 1980
- Idgia javana Champion, 1919
- Idgia laticornis Champion, 1919 (Arabia)
- Idgia lineata Pic, 1920
- Idgia longicollis Pic, 1925
- Idgia longipalpis Champion, 1919 (Ethiopia)
- Idgia longipes Pic, 1920
- Idgia longissima Pic, 1909
- Idgia luteipes Champion, 1919 (Nilgiris)
- Idgia luzonica Pic, 1924
- Idgia melanocephala (Fabricius, 1781)
- Idgia maculicornis Pic, 1925
- Idgia maculiventris Champion, 1919
- Idgia maindroni Pic, 1909 (Western Ghats)
- Idgia major Pic, 1908
- Idgia marginata Champion, 1919
- Idgia mindanaosa Pic, 1947
- Idgia melanura Kollar & Redtenbacher, 1844
- Idgia minuta Pic, 1920
- Idgia moupinensis Fairmaire, 1889 (China)
- Idgia nilgirica Champion, 1919
- Idgia nitida Champion, 1919 (Pakistan)
- Idgia obscurimembris Pic, 1923
- Idgia oculata Redtenbacher, 1868 (China, Vietnam)
- Idgia oedemeroides Pic, 1920
- Idgia opacipennis Pic, 1920
- Idgia pallidicolor Pic, 1906
- Idgia parlicularipes Pic, 1920
- Idgia particularicornis Pic, 1939
- Idgia plectrophora Champion, 1919
- Idgia revoili Pic, 1920
- Idgia rostrifera Champion, 1919 (Anamalai hills, India)
- Idgia rouyeri Pic, 1906
- Idgia semitecta Champion, 1919
- Idgia stamperi Pic, 1924
- Idgia subparallela Pic, 1920
- Idgia terminata Cast., 1840
- Idgia testaceipes Pic, 1908 (China)
- Idgia thibetana (Obenberger, 1918)
- Idgia uncigera Champion, 1919
- Idgia ungulata Champion, 1919 (China)
- Idgia varicornis Champion, 1919
- Idgia varipes Champion, 1919
- Idgia virescens Champion, 1919 (China)
- Idgia viridivittata Champion, 1919
Genus Lobonyx Jacquelin du Val, 1859[6]
- Lobonyx aeneus (Fabricius, 1787)
- Lobonyx gracilis Reitter, 1872
- Lobonyx guerryi (Pic, 1920)[5]
- Lobonyx thoracicus Majer, 1990
Genus Prionocerus Perty, 1831[7][8]
- Prionocerus caeruleipennis Perty, 1831
- Prionocerus bicolor Redtenbacher, 1868
- Prionocerus paiensis Geiser, 2010
- Prionocerus viridiflavus Geiser, 2007
- Prionocerus malaysiacus Geiser, 2010
- Prionocerus championi Geiser, 2010
- Prionocerus opacipennis (Pic, 1920)
- Prionocerus wittmeri Geiser, 2010

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References

Champion, G.C. (1919). "The Malacoderm genera Prionocerus and Idgia and their sexual characters". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 9 (3): 325–372.
Aston, Paul (2011). "Prionoceridae Lacordaire 1857 of Hong Kong and Guangdong Province, China (Coleoptera; Cleroidea)". Hong Kong Entomological Bulletin. 3 (1): 2–6.
Lawrence, J.F.; Archibald, S.B.; Ślipiński, A. (2008). "A New Species of Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) from the Eocene of British Columbia, Canada". Annales Zoologici. 58 (4): 689–693. doi:10.3161/000345408X396620.
Liu, Zhenhua; Ślipiński, Adam; Leschen, Richard A. B.; Ren, Dong; Pang, Hong (2015). "The Oldest Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) from the Middle Jurassic of China". Annales Zoologici. 65 (1): 41–52. doi:10.3161/00034541ANZ2015.65.1.004.
Yuxia, Yang; Geiser, Michael; Xingk, Yang (2012). "A little-known beetle family in China, Prionoceridae Lacordaire, 1857 (Coleoptera: Cleroidea)" (PDF). Entomotaxonomia. 34 (2): 378–390.
Constantin R. (2009). "A revision of the genus Lobonyx Jacquelin du Val, 1859, of Central Asia, with the description of a new species from Nepal (Insecta: Coleoptera, Prionoceridae)". In Hartmann M, Weipert J (ed.). Biodiversität und Naturausstattung im Himalaya, Band 3. Erfurt: Verein der Freunde & Förderer des Naturkundemuseums Erfurt e.V. pp. 299–311.
Geiser, Michael (2010). "Studies on Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea). II. A revision of the genus Prionocerus Perty, 1831" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2328: 1–48.
Geiser, M. (2007). "Studies on Prionoceridae (Coleoptera, Cleroidea). I. A new species of Prionocerus Perty, 1831 from Sumatra" (PDF). Entomologica Basiliensia et Collectionis Frey. 29: 167–170.

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[champion-1] Champion, G.C. (1919). "The Malacoderm genera Prionocerus and Idgia and their sexual characters". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 9 (3): 325–372.

[hkeb-2] Aston, Paul (2011). "Prionoceridae Lacordaire 1857 of Hong Kong and Guangdong Province, China (Coleoptera; Cleroidea)". Hong Kong Entomological Bulletin. 3 (1): 2–6.

[3] Lawrence, J.F.; Archibald, S.B.; Ślipiński, A. (2008). "A New Species of Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) from the Eocene of British Columbia, Canada". Annales Zoologici. 58 (4): 689–693. doi:10.3161/000345408X396620.

[4] Liu, Zhenhua; Ślipiński, Adam; Leschen, Richard A. B.; Ren, Dong; Pang, Hong (2015). "The Oldest Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) from the Middle Jurassic of China". Annales Zoologici. 65 (1): 41–52. doi:10.3161/00034541ANZ2015.65.1.004.

[china-5] Yuxia, Yang; Geiser, Michael; Xingk, Yang (2012). "A little-known beetle family in China, Prionoceridae Lacordaire, 1857 (Coleoptera: Cleroidea)" (PDF). Entomotaxonomia. 34 (2): 378–390.

[6] Constantin R. (2009). "A revision of the genus Lobonyx Jacquelin du Val, 1859, of Central Asia, with the description of a new species from Nepal (Insecta: Coleoptera, Prionoceridae)". In Hartmann M, Weipert J (ed.). Biodiversität und Naturausstattung im Himalaya, Band 3. Erfurt: Verein der Freunde & Förderer des Naturkundemuseums Erfurt e.V. pp. 299–311.

[7] Geiser, Michael (2010). "Studies on Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea). II. A revision of the genus Prionocerus Perty, 1831" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2328: 1–48.

[8] Geiser, M. (2007). "Studies on Prionoceridae (Coleoptera, Cleroidea). I. A new species of Prionocerus Perty, 1831 from Sumatra" (PDF). Entomologica Basiliensia et Collectionis Frey. 29: 167–170.