Pedro María de Anaya

Pedro Bernardino María de Anaya y Álvarez (20 May 1795 – 21 March 1854) was a military officer who served twice as interim president of Mexico from 1847 to 1848. He also played an important role during the Mexican–American War.

This article uses Spanish naming customs: the first or paternal family name is Anaya and the second or maternal family name is Álvarez.
Pedro María de Anaya
Portrait of Pedro María de Anaya
17th President of Mexico
In office
2 April 1847 – 20 May 1847
Preceded byAntonio López de Santa Anna
Succeeded byAntonio López de Santa Anna
In office
13 November 1847 – 8 January 1848
Preceded byManuel de la Peña y Peña
Succeeded byManuel de la Peña y Peña
President of the Chamber of Deputies
In office
30 October 1830 – 30 November 1830
Preceded byJosé Antonio Sastre
Succeeded byAndrés Quintana Roo
Personal details
Born(1795-05-20)20 May 1795
Huichapan, Viceroyalty of New Spain
(now Hidalgo, Mexico)
Died21 March 1854(1854-03-21) (aged 58)
Mexico City

Biography

He was born on 20 May 1795 in San Mateo de Huichapan, a town located in the modern-day state of Hidalgo. His parents were Pedro José Anaya y Maldonado and María Antonia de Álvarez, both Spaniards. He started his military career in the Royal Army in 1810, as a cadet in the company of Tres Villas. In June 1821 he joined the rebel army fighting for independence.

In 1847, after the victory of the invading U.S. Army in the Battle of Padierna (also known as the Battle of Contreras), the Mexican battalions of Independencia and Bravo were attacked in the convent of Santa María de Churubusco. This confrontation is known as the Battle of Churubusco, and the Mexican army was bravely commanded by Pedro María Anaya. When General Anaya was asked by General Twiggs to surrender his ammunition after the end of the battle, he replied, "If I had any ammunition, you would not be here".

The battle was important not only because the American victory made it possible for them to win the Mexican–American War, but also because of the historical participation of the Saint Patrick's Battalion.

Today the nearest metro station from the Santa María de Churubusco convent in Mexico City is called "Metro General Anaya". The General Anaya metro station in Monterrey is also named after Pedro María Anaya.

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See also

References
    • Rivera Marín, Guadalupe. "Si hubiera parque!: Pedro María Anaya." Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de la Revolución Mexicana, Secretaría de Gobernación, 1993.
    • Sanchez, Javier Ernesto. "Valor Wrought Asunder: The Mexican General Officer Corps in the U.S.-Mexican War, 1846-1847." (2011). http://digitalrepository.unm.edu/ltam_etds/3
    Political offices
    Preceded by
    Antonio López de Santa Anna    		 President of Mexico
    2 April – 20 May 1847    		 Succeeded by
    Antonio López de Santa Anna
    Preceded by
    Manuel de la Peña y Peña    		 President of Mexico
    13 November 1847 – 8 January 1848    		 Succeeded by
    Manuel de la Peña y Peña
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