Pazardzhik

Pazardzhik (Bulgarian: Пазарджик) is a city situated along the banks of the Maritsa river, southern Bulgaria. It is the capital of Pazardzhik Province and centre for the homonymous Pazardzhik Municipality.

Pazardzhik

Пазарджик
City
Coat of arms
Pazardzhik
Location of Pazardzhik
Coordinates: 42°12′N 24°20′E
CountryBulgaria
Province
(Oblast)		Pazardzhik
Government
 • MayorTodor Popov
Area
 • City37.382 km2 (14.433 sq mi)
Elevation
205 m (673 ft)
Population
 (Census February 2011)[1]
 • City71,979
 • Density1,900/km2 (5,000/sq mi)
 • Urban
114,817
Demonym(s)Pazardzhiklia
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal Code
4400
Area code(s)034
License platePA
WebsiteOfficial website

Name

The name comes from the word pazar, ultimately from the Persian bāzār, "market" + the Turkic diminutive suffix -cık, "small".

History

Pazardzhik was founded by Tatars from what is today Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi in 1485 on the left bank of the river Maritsa, near the market of the region, an important crossroad at the middle of this productive region, and named Tatar Pazardzhik meaning "small Tatar market". Thanks to this favourable location, the settlement quickly developed. While it was very small at the beginning of the 19th century, it became the administrative centre for the region at the end of the century and remained so until the dissolution of Ottoman Empire.

The old clock tower is one of the landmarks of Pazardzhik.

During the following centuries the town continued to grow and strengthened its position. Trade in iron, leather and rice prospered. The town impressed visitors with its beautiful houses and clean streets. In 1718 Gerard Kornelius Drish visited Pazardzhik and wrote "the buildings here according to construction, size and beauty stand higher than those of Niš, Sofia and all other places".

During the Ottoman period Pazardchik had 18 mosques but only Kurshumlu Mosque, build in 1667 survived till today.

The Russians under Count Nikolay Kamensky took the city after a brief siege in 1810,during the Russo-Turkish War . By the mid-19th century Pazardzhik was a big, important centre of crafts and trade, with a population of about 25,000 people. It hosted two big annual fairs, and a big market Tuesdays and Wednesdays. There was a post office with a telegraph.

In 1837 the Church of the Mother of God was built – an important national monument, famous for its architecture and woodcarving. In the mid-19th century Pazardzhik became an important cultural centre: a school was opened in 1847, a girls' school in 1848, a community centre in 1868, the women's union "Prosveta" in 1870.

Pazardzhik is exempt from Zapdniya Russian detachment commander with Lt. Gen. Joseph Gurko on 14 January 1878 (new style). Thanks the Armenian Ovanes Sovadzhiyan, Ottoman command failed to execute his plan – to light the town and destroy its Bulgarian population – before retreating.[2]

The railway station in 1928

From the early 20th century on people built factories, stores and houses, and thus the industrial quarter of the town. From 1959 to 1987 Pazardzhik was again an administrative centre for the region, and is again since the 1999 administrative division of Bulgaria.

Population
The Pazardzhik theatre named Konstantin Velichkov.

In the 1880s the population of Pazardzhik numbered about 15,000 and it was one of the largest of Bulgaria.[3] Since then it started growing decade by decade, mostly because of the migrants from the rural areas and the surrounding smaller towns, reaching its peak in the period 1985–1992 exceeding 80,000.[4] After this time, the population has started decreasing in consequence of the poor economic situation in the Bulgarian provinces during the 1990s that led to a new migration in the direction of the country capital Sofia and abroad. As of February 2011, the city has a population of 71,979 inhabitants, while the Pazardzhik Municipality of 114,817 inhabitants.[1][4][5]

Pazardzhik
Year 1887 1910 1934 1946 1956 1965 1975 1985 1992 2001 2005 2009 2011 2013
Population 15,659 18,098 23,228 30,376 39,499 55,430 65,727 77,340 82,578 79,476 76,161 75,346 71,979 70,728
Highest number ?? in ??
Sources: National Statistical Institute,[1] citypopulation.de,[4] pop-stat.mashke.org,[5] Bulgarian Academy of Sciences[3]

Ethnic linguistic and religious composition

According to the latest 2011 census data, the individuals declared their ethnic identity were distributed as follows:[6][7]

  • Bulgarians: 57,332 (86.3%)
  • Turks: 4,822 (7.3%) (Muslim Romani or the so-called Turkish Gypsies)
  • Roma: 3,423 (5.2%)
  • Others: 325 (0.5%)
  • Indefinable: 495 (0.7%)
    • Undeclared: 5,582 (7.8%)

Total: 71,979

The ethnic composition of Pazardzhik Municipality is 89787 Bulgarians, 10132 Romani and 5686 Turks among others.

According to some reports, as of the middle of the 19th century the city was composed by 33 neighborhoods — 18 Turkish, 12 Bulgarian and 3 Gypsy. Although the Bulgarian neighborhoods were numerically smaller they were more densely populated, while there were Bulgarians in the Turkish neighborhoods too. In 1865 the population of the city was 25.000, Bulgarians comprised 57% of it and the Turks 28,5%.[8] As a trading town the city was attractive for other peoples and sizable minorities of Jews, Armenians and other peoples remained for decades, they are currently present although in much smaller numbers.

Culture and pedestrian areas
Pazardzhik History Museum
Videlina cultural centre (chitalishte).

Kurshumlu Mosque from 1667 is one of the oldest mosques in Europe. It is one of the highlights of Pazardzhik.

The Church of the Theotokos preserves the most impressive icons in Bulgaria by master artists of the Debar School, wood-carvings of New and Old Testament scenes, and icons by Stanislav Dospevski. Among the town's landmarks are also the clock tower, the ethnographic and history museums.

As with most Bulgarian cities, Pazardzhik has developed a significant pedestrian center, in which several central squares typify the European coffee house society and pedestrian culture. In Bulgaria the café culture is particularly prominent, with many downtown squares easily providing up to a half dozen cafés, with ample outside seating.

Pazardzhik has a level of pedestrian streets (or network of carfree areas) even above the relatively high Bulgarian standard. There are several longer pedestrian streets, and at one point there is even an intersection where five different pedestrian streets converge. A few of these do not continue for very long, but most do, or are connected to the rest of the pedestrian areas of the city, and thus could be said to form the pedestrian network of the city.

During the warmer seasons, most afternoons of the week and especially weekends find a large number of people strolling about or sitting in cafés.

Pazardzhik Point on Snow Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Pazardzhik.[9]

International relations
Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Bulgaria

Twin towns – Sister cities

Pazardzhik is twinned with:

Prominent citizens
  • Old post building
  • Street scene
  • Stanislav Dospevski's house
  • Dormition of the Theotokos Church
gollark: Weird.
gollark: ???
gollark: You can write both pretty simply using `peripheral.find`.
gollark: Do you want to keep the manual modem configuration or have it autodetect one?
gollark: Working on neatening it, stop complaining please...

References
  1. (in English) Bulgarian National Statistical Institute – towns in 2009 Archived 13 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  2. Tikhomir Tikhov, Tsonko Genov 1878: Rusko-turskata ocvoboditelna voĭna 1877-1878 v spomeni i ochertsi na bŭlgari-ochevidtsi, Nauka i izkustvo, 1978, p. 199.
  3. (in Bulgarian) Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  4. (in English) „WorldCityPopulation“
  5. "„pop-stat.mashke.org"".
  6. (in Bulgarian) Population on 01.02.2011 by provinces, municipalities, settlements and age; National Statistical Institute Archived 8 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  7. Population by province, municipality, settlement and ethnic identification, by 01.02.2011; Bulgarian National Statistical Institute Archived 5 April 2013 at WebCite (in Bulgarian)
  8. Tatar Pazarcik in Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition., Volume X, page 371, column 1: There were 8 Turkish schools with 500 pupils, 6 Bulgar schools with 530 pupils, and Jewish, Vlach and Armenian schools. The population is said to have amounted to 25,000 inhabitants, of whom Bulgars comprised 57% and Turks 28.5%.
  9. Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica: Pazardzhik Point.
  10. "Comune di Salerno". www.comune.salerno.it.
  11. "Виолета Гиндева: Пет години за наказание не ми даваха роля в киното". Impressio.bg (in Bulgarian). Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  12. Borden, Sam (3 April 2015). "He's the Last Boxer to Beat Floyd Mayweather Jr., and He So Regrets It". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 19 March 2018.

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