Dupnitsa

Dupnitsa (Bulgarian: Дупница (previously Дубница), sometimes transliterated Dupnica[2]) is a town in Western Bulgaria. It is at the foot of the highest mountain in the Balkan Peninsula – the Rila Mountain, and about 50 km south of the capital Sofia. Dupnitsa is the second largest town in Kyustendil Province.

Dupnitsa

Дупница
Town
Dupnitsa in front of the highest mountain in Southeastern Europe - the Rila Mountain
Coat of arms
Dupnitsa
Location of Dupnitsa
Coordinates: 42.2645°N 23.1164°E / 42.2645; 23.1164
CountryBulgaria
Province
(Oblast)		Kyustendil
Government
 • MayorMetodi Chimev (GERB)
Area
 • Town32.321 km2 (12.479 sq mi)
Elevation
535 m (1,755 ft)
Population
2014/12/31[1]
 • Town31,868
 • Density990/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
 • Urban
42,470
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal Code
2600
Area code(s)0701
Websitewww.dupnitsa.bg


History
View of the clock tower in Dupnitsa, built in the 17th century

The town has existed since antiquity. The German traveller Arnold von Harff visited Dupnitsa[2] in 1499 and described it as a "beautiful town". The names Tobinitsa, Doupla and Dubnitsa are mentioned throughout history, the last one used until the Liberation of Bulgaria, when the official name was changed to Dupnitsa.[2] In 1948 the town was renamed Stanke Dimitrov; for a short period in 1949 it was called Marek; the name was changed to Stanke Dimitrov in 1950. After the democratic changes, the old name Dupnitsa was restored.

On 15 October 1902, around 600 women and children fled to the vicinity of Dupnitsa from Macedonia from the attacking Turkish troops.[3]

On a hill overlooking the town there is a giant cross, commemorating the Bulgarians who perished in the Balkan wars and World War I. On the same hill there lay the ruins of a medieval fortress.

During World War II over 4,000 Jews from parts of Greece and Yugoslavia annexed by Bulgaria were arrested on 4 March 1943 and deported, some to an internment camp in Dupnitsa. Many of them were from Komotini and Xanthi.[4] After 11-12 days in the Dupnitsa camp, on 18 – 19 March they were transferred by train to Lom on the Danube for extermination at Treblinka.[4][5] As part of the Bulgarian Commissariat for Jewish Affairs's policy of deporting Jews, Dupnitsa also was between June 1943 and September 1944 the site of a ghetto for 1,624 Jews expelled from Sofia, even though there was ultimately no exterminations of Jews resident within Bulgaria's pre-war borders.[4]

Nowadays Dupnitsa is a fast-developing town combining new buildings with modern architecture with its historical monuments. Because of its beautiful location at the foot of the Rila mountain, the town is marvelous holiday destination. One of the main branches of industry is the pharmaceutical company Actavis (formerly HeFeKa, in Bulgarian ХФК), which gives employment to about 30 to 40 percent of the citizens. Small business is developing rapidly due to the town's economic growth.

Dupnitsa is famous for its cultural festivals. From 1 May to 2 June many festivals are held in the town due to the richness of the Bulgarian holiday calendar. The nightlife is very well developed. There are a lot of local pubs and clubs where young people meet and have fun. A few other popular places for socializing are the recently refurbished Town Park and the Town Garden (Градска градина, Gradska gradina).

In recent years the town has become notorious due to the activities of an organised crime group led by pair of Bulgarian gangsters, former policemen Angel Hristov and Plamen Galev, known as the "Galevi brothers". Using intimidation and extortion, and with the help of corrupt policemen, they controlled Dupnitsa to the extent that they have been described as "the owners of the first private town in Bulgaria".[6][7][8] Hristov and Galev are fugitives after having been sentenced to five and four years respectively but are still believed to control the town.[9]

Population
  Bulgarians (86.81%)
  Gypsies (6.96%)
  Undeclared (5.92%)
  Others (0.62%)

According to the latest 2011 census data, ethnic identity was distributed as follows:[10][11]

  • Bulgarians: 29,099 (92.0%)
  • Gypsies: 2,333 (7.4%)
  • Others: 102 (0.3%)
  • Indefinable: 106 (0.3%)
    • Undeclared: 1,879 (5.9%)

Total: 33,519

Sport
Picture of the UEFA Cup match PFC Marek Dupnitsa 2:0 FC Bayern Munich.

Marek Dupnitsa is the football club representing the town. Marek was a dominant force in Bulgarian football in the mid-late 1970s, finishing 3rd in the domestic league, and winning the National Cup. The team played with success in Europe, defeating at home powerhouses such as Bayern Munich, Aberdeen and Ferenzvaros.

The Volleyball club Marek Union - Ivkoni is from the town. Dupnitsa also has strong traditions in chess, kick-boxing, baseball.

Name

The names Tobinitsa, Doupla and Dubnitsa are used throughout its history. Dubnitsa survived until the Liberation of Bulgaria, when the official name was changed to Dupnitsa. In 1948 the town was renamed Stanke Dimitrov; in 1949 it was called Marek; the name was once again changed to Stanke Dimitrov in 1950. After the democratic changes, the name Dupnitsa was restored.

Dupnitsa is located at an altitude of 500 m in a valley, surrounded by hills. Its location, as seen from above, resembles a hole (дупка, dupka in Bulgarian), hence the name Dupnitsa. There are five rivers flowing in the vicinity.

Dupnitsa is referred to as "The Green and Shady Town", because of its location which makes it quite shady in summer and due to the abundance of trees in the town. Dupnitsa is called "The Little Italy of Bulgaria". This nickname comes from the fact that many inhabitants have gone over the years to work and live in Italy and every summer they return to their home town (see: Bulgarians in Italy). Another nickname of the town is "the town of pharmacy".

Sister cities
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Bulgaria

Honour

Dupnitsa Point on Smith Island, South Shetland Islands is named after Dupnitsa.

  • St. George Orthodox Church in Dupnitsa
  • The gallery in Dupnitsa seen in the night, former mosque, built on the foundations of an Orthodox church
  • The gallery in Dupnitsa seen in winter, former mosque, built on the foundations of an Orthodox church
  • The town hall of Dupnitsa
  • Dupnitsa's Youth Home in winter
  • Memorial to the Jewish soldiers from Dupnitsa
  • Dupnitsa centre
  • St. George Orthodox Church in 1906.

Notable people
  • Plamen Oresharski, former Prime Minister of Bulgaria, born in Dupnitsa.
  • Georgi Kitov (1943–2008) - archeologist
  • Georgi Nadzhakov (1896–1981) - Dean of Sofia University "St. Kl. Ohridski" (1945–1952), physicist, "the father of the Xerox copier", academic
  • Aaron Aaronov - opera singer;
  • Lyubomir Dyakovski (b. 1951) – opera singer, father of Ludmila Dyakovska (co-founder of "No Angels" pop-band from Germany)
  • Ivan Bozhilov (1940–2016) – historian, professor
  • The Bulgarian writer Dimitar Dimov – spent years living in Dupnitsa
  • Voin Voinov (b. 1959) – director-choreographer, organizer of South-Western International Folklore Festival "Peace on the Balkans", Honorary Citizen of Dupnica
  • Georgi Ikonomov (1822–1865/7) – key figure of the National Revival period of Bulgaria
  • Yane Sandanski, Bulgarian revolutionary and political activist (born in Vlahi, moved to Dupnica as a child)
  • Nikola Lazarov (1880–1900) – Bulgarian revolutionary, member of VMORO
  • Ana Maleshevska (1871–1942) – Bulgarian teacher, revolutionary and political activist
  • Asen Tcholakov – revolutionary, activist of VMRO
  • Nikola Drenski (1898–1944) – Bulgarian colonel
  • Dimiter Biserov (1840–1886) – Bulgarian educationalist and bookman, aide of Vasil Levski, founder of the Dupnica Revolutionary Committee, initiator of the first women's classes at the schools in Dupnica Region
  • Hristaki Pavlovich (1804–1848) – key figure from the Revival period, educationalist
  • Vasil Manov (Василий Манов) (d. 1947) - landlord, one of the biggest tobacco traders in the Ottoman Empire and Liberated Bulgaria, with offices in Dupnitsa, Vienna, Thessaloniki, Alexandria and Konstantinopol, Financial supporter of the Liberation Movement, Veteran officer, participant in the Siege of Adrianople (Battle of Odrin, Edirne), donor of churches and monasteries in South-Western Bulgaria and Greece
  • Ivan Chaprashikov (Иван Чапрашиков) - large tobacco trader, money-lender, politician, President of the town council of Gorna Dzhumaia (Blagoevgrad) during the interim Russian military governance, town councilor of Dupnitsa after the war, co-founder of the Democratic Party, food supplier for the King's court, philanthropist
  • Dimiter Yanakiev - saviour of The Samara Flag (Samarsko Zname, Самарското знаме)
  • Zhak Aseov (Jaques Aseoff) – big tobacco producer and wealthy citizen
  • Hristo Dyukmedzhiev (1847–1905) – Mayor of Plovdiv
  • Hristo Krantov – educationalist
  • Hristo Todorov (1814–1888) – educationalist
  • Dimiter Kirov (1935–2005) – writer, journalist, public figure
  • Vasil Demirevski (Zhelyu Demirevski) (1914–1944) – activist of the Bulgarian Communist Party (БКП)
  • Stefan Todorov (partisan nickname Stanke Dimitrov - Marek) (1889–1944) – activist of the Communist Party
  • Lea Ivanova – pop singer
  • Nevena Kokanova – actress
  • Leo Conforti – actor
  • Sashka Vaseva – singer
  • Alzek Misheff – painter
  • Elitsa Vasileva – volleyball player, captain of the National Team of Bulgaria
  • Alexander Drenski – athlete
  • Tsvetan Sokolov – Bulgarian volleyball player
  • Ferario Spasov (b. 1962) – footballer, coach
  • Ventsislav Mutafchiyski (b. 1964) - military doctor and Head of the National Operational Headquarters for Fight with Coronavirus Pandemic in Bulgaria
gollark: You are expected to be serious in use of owner powers and not, I don't know, randomly ban people like lyricly.
gollark: People are enjoying new things. You seem excessively concerned about the "seriousness" of the server and I don't think this is very good.
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References
  1. "Население по области, общини, местоживеене и пол".
  2. "Dupnicanews.EU".
  3. The Associated Press (1902-10-16). "Editorial Article 7 - No Title - View Article - NYTimes.com" (PDF). New York Times. Retrieved 2012-06-09.
  4. Megargee, Geoffrey P.; White, Joseph R. (2018). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945, vol. III: Camps and Ghettos under European Regimes Aligned with Nazi Germany. Indiana University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-253-02386-5.
  5. "The Fate of the Bulgarian Jews | The German Occupation of Europe". Holocaustresearchproject.org. Retrieved 2012-06-09.
  6. "Bulgaria's Norotious Mobster Pair Goes to Jail". Novinite.com.
  7. "Bulgaria: International Search Warrant For Galevi Brothers". Reportingproject.net.
  8. "Sofia courts Brussels with illegal assets confiscation law". Euractiv.com.
  9. "Investigative Journalist Under Attack Again". Hetq.am.
  10. (in Bulgarian) Population on 01.02.2011 by provinces, municipalities, settlements and age; National Statistical Institute Archived September 8, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  11. Population by province, municipality, settlement and ethnic identification, by 01.02.2011; Bulgarian National Statistical Institute (in Bulgarian)

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