Kurmali language

Kurmali (Devanagari: कुड़मालि, Bengali: কুর্মালী,কুড়মালি , Odia :କୁଡ଼ମାଲି / କୁର୍ମାଲି, kur(a)mālī) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in eastern India. Kurmali is generally linked to the Kudumi Mahato (also known as Kurmi, Mahanta or Mohanta) community of Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal. Kurmali is also spoken by the Kudumi people of Assam, and was brought to the tea gardens from Bihar, Odisha and West Bengal. Intellectuals claim that Kurmali may be the nearest form of language used in Charyapada.[5] As a trade dialect, it is known as Panchpargania (Bengali:পঞ্চপরগনিয়া), for the "five districts" of the region it covers, or Tamaria. Kurmali is a traditional language of Kurmi community.

Kurmali
Panchpargania
কুড়মালি, কুর্মালী, कुड़मालि, କୁଡ଼ମାଲି
Native toIndia
RegionAssam, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal[1]
Native speakers
556,089 (2011 census)[2]
Census results conflate some speakers with Bengali, Odia and Hindi.
Indo-European
Official status
Official language in
 India (Jharkhand, West Bengal)
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
kyw – Kurmali
tdb – Panchpargania
Glottologkudm1238  Kudmali[3]
panc1246  Panchpargania[4]
Kurmali-speaking region of India

Geographical Distribution

Kurmali language is spoken in south-east Jharkhand in Seraikela Kharswan, East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum and Ranchi districts; north-eastern Odisha in Mayurbhanj, Kendujhar, Jajpur and Sundargarh district; and in western West Bengal in Purulia , Jhargram and Paschim Medinipur districts.

Alternate names

Names for the language include Bedia (from the Bedia caste), Dharua, Khotta, Pan Sawasi, Tanti, Tair, and Chik Baraik.

Kurumali sub dialect of Mayurbhanja state

Kurumali sub dialect of Mayurbhanja state agrees very closely with the Kurmali Thar of Manbhum.[6]

Trade language

Panchpargania is the common language for communication for Bundu, Tamar, Silli, Sonahatu, Arki & Angara blocks of Ranchi district of Jharkhand state.

gollark: They *have firmware for* a specific task. They are general purpose computers.
gollark: Well, they can all independently execute code.
gollark: - actual CPU- power management microcontroller on CPU- Intel Management Engine- Intel GuC on CPU (graphics microcontroller)- Intel *H*uC (HEVC microcontroller)- WiFi card microcontroller- Ethernet chip probably has a processor in it- dedicated GPU onboard microcontroller- display panel probably has a processor too, definitely at least an EEPROM- laptop embedded controller for general purpose things- camera microcontroller for debayering and USB- keyboard USB controller
gollark: So do I.
gollark: That's nothing. My laptop has at least 10.

See also

References
  1. "Kudmali". Ethnologue. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  2. "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2011" (PDF). www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  3. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Kudmali". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  4. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Panchpargania". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  5. Basu, Sajal (1994). Jharkhand movement: ethnicity and culture of silence – Sajal Basu – Google Books. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
  6. "Kurumali sub dialect of Mayurbhanja state". Linguistic Survey of India by G A.Grierson.
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