Nathaniel Clifton

Nathaniel "Sweetwater" Clifton (born Clifton Nathaniel;[1] October 13, 1922 – August 31, 1990) was an American professional basketball and baseball player.[2] He is best known as one of the first African Americans to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Nathaniel Clifton
Personal information
Born(1922-10-13)October 13, 1922
Little Rock, Arkansas
DiedAugust 31, 1990(1990-08-31) (aged 67)
Chicago, Illinois
Listed height6 ft 8 in (2.03 m)
Listed weight225 lb (102 kg)
Career information
High schoolDuSable (Chicago, Illinois)
CollegeXavier (Louisiana) (1942–1943)
Playing career1945–1961
PositionCenter / Forward
Number19, 8, 24
Career history
1945–1947New York Rens
1947–1950Harlem Globetrotters
1950–1957New York Knicks
1957–1958Detroit Pistons
1961Chicago Majors
Career highlights and awards
Career NBA statistics
Points5,444 (10.0 ppg)
Rebounds4,469 (8.2 rpg)
Assists1,367 (2.5 apg)
Stats at Basketball-Reference.com
Basketball Hall of Fame as player

Early life

Born in England, Arkansas, Clifton claimed to have been given the "Sweetwater" nickname as a boy because of his love of soft drinks. His family moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he became an outstanding basketball and baseball player at DuSable High School, graduating in 1942. He attended Xavier University of Louisiana and then served with the United States Army for three years, fighting in Europe during World War II.

Early pro sports career

After the war, Clifton joined the New York Rens, an all-black professional basketball team that toured throughout the United States. Noted for his large hands, which required a size 14 glove, he was invited to join the Harlem Globetrotters, for whom he played from the summer of 1948 to the spring of 1950. Still a talented baseball first baseman, during the basketball off-season in 1949 Clifton played for the Chicago American Giants in Negro League baseball. By 1950, his performance with the Globetrotters, in particular his exceptional ball-handling ability, led to his signing a contract with an NBA team.

NBA career

On April 25, 1950 the 1950 NBA draft was held; Clifton became the second African-American player to be drafted by the NBA after Chuck Cooper. He was the first to sign an NBA contract. Harold Hunter (April 26) was cut in training camp. He played his first game for the New York Knicks on November 4, four days after the debut of Washington Capitols player Earl Lloyd, the first black player to appear in an NBA game.[3] Already 27 years old when he made his debut, Clifton in his first season helped lead the team to its first-ever appearance in the NBA finals, losing in game seven. During his eight seasons in the NBA, Clifton averaged 10 points and 9 rebounds per game. He was named to the 1957 NBA All-Star team, scoring 8 points in 23 minutes in the game. At age 34, he became the oldest player in NBA history to be named an All-Star.[4]

In 1957, Clifton was part of a multi-player trade between the Knicks and the Fort Wayne Pistons, but after one season in Detroit he retired from basketball. In the summer of 1958, he joined the Detroit Clowns baseball team in the Negro Leagues, along with his former Harlem Globetrotters teammate Reece "Goose" Tatum.

In 1961, he was coaxed out of retirement by the Chicago Majors of the fledgling American Basketball League (ABL). After the league folded at the end of 1962, the 40-year-old Clifton retired permanently.

Honors and charitable work

Clifton's contributions to his community during his sporting career and after his playing days have been recognized by the Associated Black Charities of New York City. They have honored him by naming one of the Black History Maker Awards the Nathaniel 'Sweetwater' Clifton Award. In 2005, the New York Knicks basketball team renamed their monthly "City Spirit Award" in his honor. The Sweetwater Clifton City Spirit Award is given to a member of the community who goes above and beyond his or her normal duties to make the lives of others in the tri-state area better.

Clifton, who played softball for the Brown Bombers and Capitol Records team of the "Daddy O" Daylie League, was also inducted into Chicago 16 Inch Softball Hall of Fame.[5]

On his death in 1990, Sweetwater Clifton was interred in the Restvale Cemetery in the Chicago suburb of Alsip.

On February 14, 2014, Clifton was announced as a 2014 inductee by the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. He formally entered the Hall as a contributor on August 8.[6]

NBA career statistics
Legend
  GP Games played   GS  Games started  MPG  Minutes per game
 FG%  Field goal percentage  3P%  3-point field goal percentage  FT%  Free throw percentage
 RPG  Rebounds per game  APG  Assists per game  SPG  Steals per game
 BPG  Blocks per game  PPG  Points per game  Bold  Career high

Regular season
Year Team GP MPG FG% FT% RPG APG PPG
1950–51 New York 65 – .322 .532 7.6 2.5 8.6
1951–52 New York 62 33.9 .335 .664 11.8 3.4 10.6
1952–53 New York 70 35.7 .343 .583 10.9 3.3 10.6
1953–54 New York 72 30.3 .368 .628 7.3 2.4 9.6
1954–55 New York 72 33.2 .386 .683 8.5 2.8 13.1
1955–56 New York 64 24.0 .394 .707 6.0 2.4 8.8
1956–57 New York 71 31.4 .377 .673 7.8 2.3 10.7
1957–58 Detroit 68 21.1 .363 .623 5.9 1.1 7.7
Career 544 30.0 .361 .633 8.2 2.5 10.0
All-Star 1 23.0 .364 – 11.0 3.0 8.0

Playoffs
Year Team GP MPG FG% FT% RPG APG PPG
1951 New York 14 – .347 .391 9.8 3.3 7.1
1952 New York 14 33.0 .293 .711 9.5 2.4 9.4
1953 New York 11 36.8 .395 .638 12.7 3.5 12.0
1954 New York 4 31.3 .296 .529 9.8 1.5 6.3
1955 New York 3 36.7 .385 .792 7.7 4.3 19.7
1958 Detroit 7 10.6 .367 .750 3.3 0.6 4.0
Career 53 30.2 .348 .624 9.3 2.7 9.0
gollark: By symmetry, it should have "still", I suppose.
gollark: PRs welcome!
gollark: I don't know about coffee.
gollark: <@137565402501742592> Do YOU have question/answer suggestions?
gollark: Do so.

See also

Notes

    References
    1. According to the Social Security Administration death records
    2. Lederer, Richard (March 1, 1994). "The names of the games". The Telegraph.
    3. Araton, Harvey (February 19, 2012). "He Was a Knicks Pioneer, and He Has Proof". The New York Times. p. SP1. Archived from the original on February 14, 2019.
    4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on February 11, 2015. Retrieved February 11, 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
    5. "Chicago 16" Softball Hall of Fame:Nate "Sweetwater" Clifton". Archived from the original on September 6, 2011. Retrieved January 21, 2012.
    6. "Five Direct-Elect Members Announced for the Class of 2014 by the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame" (Press release). Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. February 14, 2014. Archived from the original on April 12, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2014.
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