New York's 28th congressional district

The 28th congressional district of New York is an obsolete congressional district for the United States House of Representatives. Before becoming obsolete in 2013, the district was based in Rochester, Buffalo, and Niagara Falls, and included parts of Erie, Monroe, Niagara and Orleans Counties. Its easternmost point was in Fairport at the home of its final representative, Democrat Louise Slaughter. Due to its gerrymandered shape it was sometimes known as "the earmuffs."

The district from 2003 to 2013

After congressional district lines were redrawn to accommodate the loss of the seat due to reapportionment as a result of the 2010 Census,[1] the "earmuffs" were dismantled, with the western portion of the present 28th district becoming part of the new 27th district, and the eastern portion of the 28th comprising the majority of the new 25th district, which is contained entirely in Monroe County.

Voting

Election results from presidential races
Year	Office	Results
1992	President	Clinton 44–38%
1996	President	Clinton 55–36%
2000	President	Gore 60–35%
2004	President	Kerry 63–36%
2008	President	Obama 69–30%

Components

2000–2013:

Parts of Erie, Monroe, Niagara, Orleans

1993–2003:

Parts of Monroe

1983–1993:

All of Broome, Tioga, Ulster

Parts of Delaware, Sullivan, Tompkins

1973–1983:

Parts of Albany, Montgomery, Schenectady

1971–1973:

All of Columbia, Delaware, Greene, Otsego, Schoharie, Ulster

Parts of Duchess, Montgomery, Sullivan

1963–1971:

All of Columbia, Duchess, Greene, Schoharie, Ulster

1953–1963:

All of Delaware, Orange, Rockland, Sullivan

1945–1953:

Parts of Westchester

1913–1945:

All of Albany

Parts of Rensselaer

Representatives

Representative	Party	Years	Cong ress	District home	Note
District created		March 4, 1823
William B. Rochester	Crawford D-R	March 4, 1823 – April 21, 1823	18th	Angelica	redistricted from 20th district, resigned upon appointment as Judge of the Eighth Circuit Court
vacant		April 21, 1823 – December 1, 1823
William Woods	Adams-Clay DR	December 1, 1823 – March 3, 1825	18th	Bath	elected in special election
Timothy H. Porter	Adams	March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1827	19th	Olean	did not run for reelection
John Magee	Jacksonian	March 4, 1827 – March 3, 1831	20th 21st	Bath	unsuccessful candidate for reelection
Grattan H. Wheeler	Anti-Masonic	March 4, 1831 – March 3, 1833	22nd	Wheeler	did not run for reelection
Frederick Whittlesey	Anti-Masonic	March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1835	23rd	Rochester	redistricted from 27th district
Timothy Childs	Anti-Jacksonian	March 4, 1835 – March 3, 1837	24th 25th
Timothy Childs	Whig	March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1839	24th 25th	Rochester	did not run for reelection
Thomas Kempshall	Whig	March 4, 1839 – March 3, 1841	26th	Rochester	did not run for reelection
Timothy Childs	Whig	March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843	27th	Rochester	did not run for reelection
Thomas J. Paterson	Whig	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845	28th	Rochester	did not run for reelection
Elias B. Holmes	Whig	March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1849	29th 30th	Brockport	did not run for reelection
Abraham M. Schermerhorn	Whig	March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1853	31st 32nd	Rochester	did not run for reelection
George Hastings	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	33rd	Mount Morris	did not run for reelection
William H. Kelsey	Opposition	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	34th 35th
William H. Kelsey	Republican	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859	34th 35th	Geneseo	did not run for reelection
William Irvine	Republican	March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861	36th	Corning	did not run for reelection
Robert B. Van Valkenburgh	Republican	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863	37th	Bath	redistricted to 27th district
Freeman Clarke	Republican	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865	38th	Rochester	did not run for reelection
Roswell Hart	Republican	March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1867	39th	Rochester	unsuccessful candidate for reelection
Lewis Selye	Ind. Republican	March 4, 1867 – March 3, 1869	40th	Rochester	did not run for reelection
Noah Davis	Republican	March 4, 1869 – July 15, 1870	41st	Albion	resigned after becoming United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York
vacant		July 16, 1870 – December 5, 1870
Charles H. Holmes	Republican	December 6, 1870 – March 3, 1871	41st	Albion	both Holmes and Clarke were elected on November 8, 1870[2]
Freeman Clarke	Republican	March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873	42nd	Rochester	redistricted to 29th district
Horace B. Smith	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	43rd	Elmira	redistricted from 27th district
Thomas C. Platt	Republican	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877	44th	Owego	redistricted from 27th district
Jeremiah W. Dwight	Republican	March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1883	45th 46th 47th	Dryden	did not run for reelection
Stephen C. Millard	Republican	March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1885	48th	Binghamton	redistricted to 26th district
John Arnot, Jr.	Democratic	March 4, 1885 – November 20, 1886	49th	Elmira	redistricted from 29th district, died
vacant		November 21, 1886 – March 3, 1887
Thomas S. Flood	Republican	March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1891	50th 51st	Elmira	did not run for reelection
Hosea H. Rockwell	Democratic	March 4, 1891 – March 3, 1893	52nd	Elmira	did not run for reelection
Sereno E. Payne	Republican	March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1903	53rd 54th 55th 56th 57th	Auburn	redistricted from 27th district, redistricted to 31st district
Charles L. Knapp	Republican	March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1911	58th 59th 60th 61st	Lowville	redistricted from 24th district
Luther W. Mott	Republican	March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1913	62nd	Oswego	redistricted to 32nd district
Peter G. Ten Eyck	Democratic	March 4, 1913 – March 3, 1915	63rd	Albany	unsuccessful candidate for reelection
Rollin B. Sanford	Republican	March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1921	64th 65th 66th	Albany	did not run for reelection
Peter G. Ten Eyck	Democratic	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923	67th	Albany	did not run for reelection
Parker Corning	Democratic	March 4, 1923 – January 3, 1937	68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd 73rd 74th	Albany	retired
William T. Byrne	Democratic	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1945	75th 76th 77th 78th	Loudonville	redistricted to 32nd district
Ralph A. Gamble	Republican	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1953	79th 80th 81st 82nd	Larchmont	redistricted from 25th district, redistricted to 26th district
Katharine St. George	Republican	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1963	83rd 84th 85th 86th 87th	Tuxedo Park	redistricted from 29th district, redistricted to 27th district
J. Ernest Wharton	Republican	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965	88th	Richmondville	redistricted from 29th district
Joseph Y. Resnick	Democratic	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1969	89th 90th	Ellenville	unsuccessful candidate for Democratic U.S. Senate nomination
Hamilton Fish IV	Republican	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1973	91st 92nd	Millbrook	redistricted to 25th district
Samuel S. Stratton	Democratic	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1983	93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th	Schenectady	redistricted from 29th district, redistricted to 23rd district
Matthew F. McHugh	Democratic	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1993	98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd	Ithaca	redistricted from 27th district
Louise Slaughter	Democratic	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013	103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th	Fairport	redistricted from 30th district, redistricted to 25th district
District eliminated		January 3, 2013

The 28th District has included all or part of Rochester since 1992. The 2002 remap added parts of Buffalo and Niagara Falls. In the 1980s the 28th District was the southern tier seat now numbered the 22nd District. In the 1970s it was the Capitol District seat now numbered the 21st District. During the 1960s it was a Hudson Valley/Catskill seat including much of the present 19th District and parts of the 20th and 22nd District.

Prior to 1992 the Rochester area district was the 30th. Monroe County was split between two districts in the 1970s, the 34th District (which included much of the present 25th District) and the 35th District (which included much of the present 26th District).

Election results

Note that in New York State electoral politics there are numerous minor parties at various points on the political spectrum. Certain parties will invariably endorse either the Republican or Democratic candidate for every office, hence the state electoral results contain both the party votes, and the final candidate votes (Listed as "Recap").

US House election, 2006: New York District 28
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Louise Slaughter	111,386	73.2	+0.6
	Republican	John E. Donnelly	40,844	26.8	+2.0
Majority			70,542	46.3	-1.5
Turnout			152,230	100	-30.8

US House election, 2004: New York District 28
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Louise Slaughter	159,655	72.6	+10.1
	Republican	Mike Laba	54,543	24.8	-12.7
	Independence	Francina Cartonia	5,678	2.6	+2.6
Majority			105,112	47.8	+22.9
Turnout			219,876	100	+38.6

US House election, 2002: New York District 28
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Louise Slaughter	99,057	62.5	-3.2
	Republican	Henry F. Wojtaszek	59,547	37.5	+4.9
Majority			39,510	24.9	-8.2
Turnout			158,604	100	-31.3

US House election, 2000: New York District 28
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Louise Slaughter	151,688	65.7	+0.9
	Republican	Mark C. Johns	75,348	32.6	+1.8
	Green	Eve Hawkins	2,292	1.0	+1.0
	Libertarian	Stephen C. Healey	1,528	0.7	+0.7
Majority			76,340	33.1	-0.9
Turnout			230,856	100	+25.8

US House election, 1998: New York District 28
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Louise Slaughter	118,856	64.8	+7.5
	Republican	Richard A. Kaplan	56,443	30.8	-11.9
	Conservative	Paul Britton	4,963	2.7	+2.7
	Right to Life	Gerald D. Crawford	3,196	1.7	+1.7
Majority			62,413	34.0	+19.5
Turnout			183,458	100	-21.1

US House election, 1996: New York District 28
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Louise Slaughter	133,084	57.3
	Republican	Geoff H. Rosenberger	99,366	42.7
Majority			33,718	14.5
Turnout			232,450	100

gollark: Weren't there something like 20 equations originally because modern vector calculus notation hadn't been invented?

gollark: I think most of them use "IPS" now, whatever that actually stands for, and have good viewing angles. My laptop screen was clearly minimal-budget and is "TN"-based, so the viewing angles are bad.

gollark: Also differently sized pixels, quite plausibly.

gollark: Your monitor and TV might use different panel technology.

gollark: No. Via confusing relativity things, light still goes at the same speed relative to you on the ship. You could happily walk around even closer to light speed, and to outside observers you'd just seem to get closer to light speed but never actually reach it. Something like that.

References

New York Will Lose Two House Seats, and New Jersey One in NYT on December 21, 2010
Complete Statement of the Official Canvass, in Detail, of Election Held November 8, 1870 (Vol. II; pg. 2044 and 2047)

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
2004 House election data Clerk of the House of Representatives
2002 House election data "
2000 House election data "
1998 House election data "
1996 House election data "

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[1] New York Will Lose Two House Seats, and New Jersey One in NYT on December 21, 2010

[2] Complete Statement of the Official Canvass, in Detail, of Election Held November 8, 1870 (Vol. II; pg. 2044 and 2047)