Mundugumor language

Mundugumor (Munduguma, Mundukomo) a.k.a. Biwat is a Yuat language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in Biwat village (4.415234°S 143.859962°E / -4.415234; 143.859962 (Biwat)) of Yuat Rural LLG, East Sepik Province.[3][4]

Mundugumor
Biwat
RegionEast Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea
EthnicityMundugumor people
Native speakers
3,000 (2003)[1]
Yuat
  • Mundugumor
Language codes
ISO 639-3bwm
Glottologbiwa1243[2]
Coordinates: 4.415234°S 143.859962°E / -4.415234; 143.859962 (Biwat)

Phonology

Mundukumo consonants are:[5]

ptk
ᵐbⁿdᶮʤᵑg
mnɲŋ
fs
mv
r
wj

Nouns

Some examples showing Mundukomo nouns and their irregular plural forms:[5]:228

glosssingularplural
‘snake’masmase
‘tooth’adusuvaadusuvavi
‘bone’avuavuvavi
‘nose’ŋləkŋlu
‘thigh’guakgo
‘hand’klikklia
‘dog’kenkidu
‘betelnut’simansimadu
‘ear’tuantuadu
‘fire’mənməda
‘basket’banbada
‘mouth’balaŋbalagi
‘house’klaŋklagi
‘star’susuaŋsusuagi
‘water’mammabi
‘neck’volamvolabi
‘ball’muŋmammuŋmabi
‘cassowary’kalimkalimu
‘girl’analomanalomu
‘paddle’dumdumu

Similar patterns of complex nominal plural allomorphy are also found in the Lower Sepik-Ramu languages.[5]:228

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Further reading

  • McDowell, Nancy. 1991. The Mundugumor: From the Fieldnotes of Margaret Mead and Reo Fortune. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
  • McElvenny, James. 2007. Notes on Mundukumo. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Linguistics, University of Sydney.

References

  1. Mundugumor at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Biwat". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). "Papua New Guinea languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (22nd ed.). Dallas: SIL International.
  4. United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9.
  5. Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
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