Meta-system

Meta-systems have several definitions. In general, they link the concepts "system" and "meta-". A "meta-system" is about other systems, such as describing, generalizing, modelling, or analyzing the other system(s).

According to Turchin and Joslyn (1997), this "natural" systemic definition is not sufficient for their Theory of Meta-system Transition,[1] it also is not equivalent to the definition of system of systems in Autopoietic Systems Theory.[2]

In economics

In economics, meta-systems are like what Bataille calls general economies as opposed to the restricted economies of systems.

In mathematics, biology and psychology

In mathematics, biology and psychology, many variables have occurred within structures and systems that determined the results, discoveries, rates and value(s) of sets, systems, and developments within systems, structures, systems within structures and sets of structures.

A mathematical-modelling rule system for a domain D is an example of a meta-system in mathematics and science, for similar and consistency of concrete or frequency found in models within a domain. These are all modes or models; where commonalities are more consistent with consecutive scores or values within a ranged order and are good indicators for gauging probabilities, traits (psychology) or properties (biology).

In cultural studies and sociology

Meta-systems in cultural studies and sociology refer to contexts, milieux, situations, ecosystems, environments and the biological process with the use of commonalities in behavioral traits and human developments found surrounding a social or scientific system which the system must interact with in order to remain viable. Meta-systems have different structures and also are complementary to other structures of such systems. Without this complementarity in the values, bondings, or tact, the systems could not remain productive, viable or operational.

In cybernetics

The term "meta-system" (or "metasystem") in cybernetics is synonymous with management system or control system. Stafford Beer, who founded management cybernetics with his viable system model, speaks of metasystems that apply metalanguages which are able to find means of making decisions when necessary improvements cannot be made. In computer science this is known as the halting problem. Here metalanguage works in a larger context than the language it describes and has more variety.

gollark: They were defined in the out of sandbox environment, so quirkiness means that they get the unmodified global scope to see.
gollark: So it replaces the FS stuff the unprivileged code sees with its own hooks which ensure stuff is in the potatOS folder.
gollark: But PotatOS has to present an environment close to what a normal, potatOSless computer would have, for compatibility.
gollark: Lua, being cool™, actually lets you override the global environment other functions see. Which allows sandboxing very easily (minus some DoS attacks), since you just give them an environment with no I/O functions.
gollark: All the I/O stuff in CC is provided to user code via a bunch of tables of functions like `fs` in the global scope.

See also

References
  1. Metasystem Transition Theory, Valentin Turchin, Cliff Joslyn, 1993-1997
  2. Reflexive Autopoietic Systems Theory
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