May-Britt Moser

May-Britt Moser (born 4 January 1963) is a Norwegian psychologist and neuroscientist, who is a Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). She and her then-husband, Edvard Moser, shared half of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,[1][2][3] awarded for work concerning the grid cells in the entorhinal cortex, as well as several additional space-representing cell types in the same circuit that make up the positioning system in the brain.[4] Together with Edvard Moser she established the Moser research environment at NTNU, which they lead. Since 2012 she heads the Centre for Neural Computation.

May-Britt Moser
Moser in 2014.
(Photographer: Henrik Fjørtoft / NTNU Communication Division)
Born (1963-01-04) 4 January 1963
Fosnavåg, Norway
NationalityNorwegian
Alma materUniversity of Oslo
Known forGrid cells, Neurons
Spouse(s)Edvard Moser (1985–2016)
Children2
AwardsLouis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine (2011)
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2014)
Scientific career
FieldsNeuroscience, Psychology
InstitutionsNorwegian University of Science and Technology
University of Edinburgh
Doctoral advisorPer Andersen

Moser received her education as a psychologist at the Department of Psychology, University of Oslo and obtained a PhD in neurophysiology at the Faculty of Medicine in 1995; in 1996 she was appointed as associate professor in biological psychology at the Department of Psychology at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU); she was promoted to professor of neuroscience in 2000. In 2002 her research group was given the status of a separate "centre of excellence".[5]

Personal life

May-Britt was born in the small town of Fosnavåg, Møre og Romsdal, Norway in 1963, the youngest of five children. Although her family owned a small farm, her father worked as a carpenter. This meant that her mother was mainly responsible for caring for the farm. A self-proclaimed "tom-boy," May-Britt was born into a family without excess money, meaning that she did not have the means to travel in the summer. With her free time, she chose to study animals where she found a major passion. May-Britt's mother told her fairytales while she was growing up and always encouraged her to work hard to make her dreams come true. As a child, May-Britt wanted to become a doctor who traveled the world saving people, or even a veterinarian due to her love of animals. She was never a particularly gifted student in grade school, but the right level of encouragement from her teachers saw her talents flourish. May-Britt was determined not to become a housewife, as was customary for the time.[6]

May-Britt Moser attended the University of Oslo where she studied psychology, mathematics, and neurobiology.[5][7] May-Britt chose this school because two of her sisters lived in the Oslo area and provided her with a temporary place to live. She enjoyed the freedom of university, but was not completely sure what she wanted to do with her degree. She was accepted into dentistry school, but declined the offer. May-Britt soon met Edvard I. Moser, who she recognized from her high school. [6] The couple married on July 27th, 1985 and decided to together study the relationship between the brain and behavior. [7] [8][6] In June of 1991, the couple had their first child, Isabel. They found it difficult to balance a PhD program with having a child, but their passion for their studies fueled them to bring their daughter along for long days in the lab. Ailin was born in 1995. [6] Later that year, May-Britt Moser obtained a doctorate in neurophysiology for her work recognizing correlations between the structure of the hippocampus and spatial recognition within rats. [7] May-Britt Moser and her husband traveled briefly to the University of Edinburgh to work with Richard Morris, a neuroscientist. They later visited University College London, where they worked in O' Keefe's laboratory.[7] The couple eventually decided to work at Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, where May-Britt became a professor of neuroscience and director of the University's Center for Neural Computation. [5] The couple announced their divorce in 2016, but still continue their scientific work together. [9][10]

Career

May-Britt Moser was awarded a degree in psychology at the Department of Psychology at the University of Oslo in 1990. She was then employed as a research fellow at the Faculty of Medicine, where she was awarded her Ph.D. in Neurophysiology in 1995,[11] under the supervision of professor Per Andersen. She and Edvard Moser went on to undertake postdoctoral training with Richard Morris at the Centre for Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh from 1994 to 1996, and were visiting postdoctoral fellows at the laboratory of John O'Keefe at the University College, London for two months.

The Mosers returned to Norway in 1996 where May-Britt was appointed associate professor in biological psychology at the Department of Psychology at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim. She was promoted to a position as full professor of neuroscience at NTNU in 2000. The couple were instrumental in the establishment of the Centre for the Biology of Memory (CBM) in 2002 and the Institute for Systems Neuroscience at NTNU in 2007. Moser is also head of department of the NTNU Centre for Neural Computation. She also is a member of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters,[12] Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters,[13] and the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences.[14] Moser was appointed by the European Research Council as a member of one of the evaluation panels for ERC startup grants for the period 2007–2009.

The Mosers pioneered research on the brain's mechanism for representing space together with their mentor John O'Keefe. The Mosers discovered types of cells that are important for determining position (spatial representation) close to the hippocampus, an area deep in the brain that is important for encoding of space, and also for episodic memory. Moser investigated correlations between the anatomical structure of the hippocampus and social learning in rats. Moser's work gave the ability for scientists to gain new knowledge into the cognitive processes and spatial deficits associated with human neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.

In 2014, the Mosers shared half of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The other half of the prize was awarded to John O'Keefe. The Mosers were one of five couples to be awarded a Nobel Prize.

May-Britt Moser was a co-Founder of the Centre for the Biology of Memory, a Research Council of Norway-funded Centre of Excellence from 2003 to 2012, and has taken on the Directorship of the Centre for Neural Computation, a second Centre of Excellence that will run from 2013 to 2022.[15]

In 2013, the Trondheim Chamber of Commerce awarded Moser the Madame Beyer award, which recognizes brilliant female business leaders. It was awarded in recognition of Moser's superb leadership, scientific achievements, and her high ethical standards, as well as her consistent focus on teamwork and community spirit.[16]

Honours

Selected publications
  • Brun, V.H., Otnæss, M.K., Molden, S., Steffenach, H.-A., Witter, M.P., Moser, M.-B., Moser, E.I. (2002). "Place cells and place representation maintained by direct entorhinal-hippocampal circuitry". Science, 296, 2089–2284.
  • Fyhn, M., Molden, S., Witter, M.P., Moser, E.I. and Moser, M.-B. (2004). "Spatial representation in the entorhinal cortex". Science, 305, 1258–1264.
  • Leutgeb, S., Leutgeb, J.K., Treves, A., Moser, M.-B. and Moser, E.I. (2004). "Distinct ensemble codes in hippocampal areas CA3 and CA1". Science, 305, 1295–1298.
  • Leutgeb, S., Leutgeb, J.K., Barnes, C.A., Moser, E.I., McNaughton, B.L., and Moser, M.-B (2005). "Independent codes for spatial and episodic memory in the hippocampus". Science, 309, 619–623.
  • Hafting, T., Fyhn, M., Molden, S., Moser, M.-B., and Moser, E.I. (2005). "Microstructure of a spatial map in the entorhinal cortex". Nature, 436, 801–806.
  • Sargolini, F., Fyhn, M., Hafting, T., McNaughton, B.L., Witter, M.P., Moser, M.-B., and Moser, E.I. (2006). "Conjunctive representation of position, direction and velocity in entorhinal cortex". Science, 312, 754–758.
  • Leutgeb, J.K., Leutgeb, S., Moser, M.-B., and Moser, E.I. (2007). "Pattern separation in dentate gyrus and CA3 of the hippocampus". Science, 315, 961–966.
  • Fyhn, M., Hafting, T., Treves, A., Moser, M.-B. and Moser, E.I. (2007). "Hippocampal remapping and grid realignment in entorhinal cortex". Nature, 446, 190–194.
  • Hafting, T., Fyhn, M., Bonnevie, T., Moser, M.-B. and Moser, E.I. (2008). "Hippocampus-independent phase precession in entorhinal grid cells". Nature 453, 1248–1252.
  • Kjelstrup, K.B., Solstad, T., Brun, V.H., Hafting, T., Leutgeb, S., Witter, M.P., Moser, E.I. and Moser, M.-B. (2008). "Finite scales of spatial representation in the hippocampus". Science 321, 140–143.
  • Solstad, T., Boccara, C.N., Kropff, E., Moser, M.-B. and Moser, E.I. (2008). "Representation of geometric borders in the entorhinal cortex". Science, 322, 1865–1868.
  • Moser, E.I., Moser, M.-B. (2011). "Crystals of the brain". EMBO Mol. Med. 3, 1-4.
  • Moser, E.I., Moser, M.-B. (2011). "Seeing into the future". Nature, 469, 303–304
  • Jezek, K., Henriksen, EJ., Treves, A., Moser, E.I. and Moser, M.-B. (2011). "Theta-paced flickering between place-cell maps in the hippocampus". Nature, 478, 246–249.
  • Giocomo, LM., Moser, E.I., Moser, M.-B. (2011) "Grid cells use HCN1 channels for spatial scaling". Cell, 147, 1159–1170.
gollark: ↑ palaiologos
gollark: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencomputeproject/Time-Appliance-Project/master/Time-Card/images/idea.png
gollark: Mornings have been cancelled, due to a shortage of time, sadly.
gollark: ddg! Cryoapioforms rotating at 0.223 radians per second
gollark: Unused h is wasted h!

See also

References
  1. May-Britt Moser profile: The 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, nobelprize.org; accessed 7 October 2014.
  2. May-Britt Moser profile, Academia-Net.org; accessed 7 October 2014.
  3. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
  4. Fenton, André A. (1 June 2015). "Coordinating with the "Inner GPS"". Hippocampus. 25 (6): 763–769. doi:10.1002/hipo.22451. ISSN 1098-1063. PMID 25800714.
  5. "May-Britt Moser – Facts". Nobel Foundation. 2014.
  6. "May-Britt Moser – Biographical". Nobel Foundation. 2014.
  7. "May-Britt Moser". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  8. Gorman, James (29 April 2013). "A Sense of Where You Are". New York Times. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  9. "Nobelpris-paret Moser skilles". vg.no. 25 January 2016.
  10. "May-Britt Moser". Women who changed science home. Nobel Foundation.
  11. Moser, M-B. (1995). Structural correlates of spatial learning in the hippocampus of adult rats. Thesis for the degree of Ph.D, University of Oslo (Defended, 9 December 1995)
  12. "Gruppe IV Generell biologi" (in Norwegian). Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters. Archived from the original on 10 December 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
  13. "Gruppe 7: Medisinske fag" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. Retrieved 28 October 2009.
  14. "Medlemmer: Moser, May Britt" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  15. "May-Britt Moser – Biographical". Nobelprize.org: The Official Website of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  16. ""Best female boss" – Madame Beyer award goes to May-Britt Moser". NTNU Medesin og helse. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  17. The Anders Jahre Senior Medical Prize
  18. 13th Perl-UNC Neuroscience Prize Recipients Archived 2 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine UNC Neuroscience Center. Retrieved 23 September 2013
  19. "The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize - Columbia University Irving Medical Center". www.cumc.columbia.edu. 26 November 2013.
  20. Award Ceremonies Amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 21 March 2014
  21. "Utnevnelser til St. Olavs Orden". www.kongehuset.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 21 February 2018.
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