Allan MacLeod Cormack

Allan MacLeod Cormack (February 23, 1924 – May 7, 1998) was a South African American physicist who won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (along with Godfrey Hounsfield) for his work on X-ray computed tomography (CT).[1]

Allan MacLeod Cormack
BornFebruary 23, 1924
Johannesburg, South Africa
DiedMay 7, 1998(1998-05-07) (aged 74)
Winchester, Massachusetts, United States
Alma materUniversity of Cape Town
St John’s College, Cambridge
Known forComputed tomography
AwardsNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1979)
National Medal of Science (1990)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist

Early life and education

Cormack was born in Johannesburg, South Africa. He attended Rondebosch Boys' High School in Cape Town, where he was active in the debating and tennis teams.[2] He received his B.Sc. in physics in 1944 from the University of Cape Town and his M.Sc. in crystallography in 1945 from the same institution. He was a doctoral student at Cambridge University from 1947–49, and while at Cambridge he met his future wife, Barbara Seavey, an American physics student.

Career

After marrying Barbara , he returned to the University of Cape Town in early 1950 to lecture. Following a sabbatical at Harvard in 1956-57, the couple agreed to move to the United States, and Cormack became a professor at Tufts University in the fall of 1957. Cormack became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1966. Although he was mainly working on particle physics, Cormack's side interest in x-ray technology led him to develop the theoretical underpinnings of CT scanning. This work was initiated at the University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital in early 1956 and continued briefly in mid-1957 after returning from his sabbatical. His results were subsequently published in two papers in the Journal of Applied Physics in 1963 and 1964. These papers generated little interest until Hounsfield and colleagues built the first CT scanner in 1971, taking Cormack's theoretical calculations into a real application. For their independent efforts, Cormack and Hounsfield shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. It is notable that the two built a very similar type of device without collaboration in different parts of the world [3]. He was member of the International Academy of Science. In 1990, he was awarded the National Medal of Science.[3]

Death

Cormack died of cancer in Winchester, Massachusetts at age 74. He was posthumously awarded the Order of Mapungubwe on the 10 December 2002 for outstanding achievements as a scientist and for co-inventing the CT scanner.

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References
  1. "1979: Allan MacLeod Cormack (1924-1998)". St John's College, Cambridge.
  2. Allan McLeod Cormack - Biography Archived 2014-04-13 at the Wayback Machine, www.nobelprize.org, Access date: 29 March 2014
  3. "The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details | NSF - National Science Foundation". www.nsf.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-14.

[3] Oransky, Ivan (2004). "Sir Godfrey N Hounsfield". The Lancet. 364 (9439): 1032. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17049-9.

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