M. G. Ramachandran filmography

M. G. Ramachandran (17 January 1917 – 24 December 1987),[1] popularly known by his initials "MGR",[2][3] was an Indian actor, director and producer who had an extensive career primarily in Tamil language films. After starring in numerous commercially successful films from the 1950s to the early 1970s, he has continued to hold a matinée idol status in Tamil Nadu.[2] Ramachandran made his debut in Ellis R. Dungan's 1936 film Sathi Leelavathi, where he played a police inspector.[4][5] He followed it with a string of minor appearances and supporting roles in many films, notably Ashok Kumar (1941), where he played the general of emperor Ashoka's army,[6] and as a captain in Dungan's Meera (1945).[7]

M. G. Ramachandran in Mohini (1948)

Ramachandran's breakthrough came with his first lead role in A. S. A. Sami's swashbuckler film Rajakumari (1947) where he played a villager who marries a princess.[8][9] Based on the Arabian Nights, Rajakumari was a commercially successful venture.[10] He established himself as an action hero akin to Errol Flynn and Douglas Fairbanks in Tamil cinema with Manthiri Kumari (1950) and Marmayogi (1951).[11][12] Both films had political undertones which earned Ramachandran a Robin Hood persona of being a champion for the downtrodden.[13] His performance as the caring brother Rajendran who tries to keep his family together in En Thangai (1952) earned him critical acclaim.[14] In 1953, he made his debut in Malayalam films opposite B. S. Saroja in Genova.[15] Ramachandran continued to play roles which enabled him to adopt his ideas of fighting injustice meted out to the poor such as an outlaw in Malaikkallan (1954), and Nadodi Mannan (1958).[2][13] In the latter, he featured in dual roles, as a king and a commoner, for the first time in his career.[16][17] Both Malaikkallan and Nadodi Mannan were commercially successful,[18] becoming the highest-grossing films of their respective release years.[2][19] In addition to social dramas, Ramachandran received positive feedback and commercial success for swashbuckler films such as Alibabavum 40 Thirudargalum (1956), the first South Indian full-length colour film,[20][21] Madurai Veeran (1956),[22] Chakravarthi Thirumagal (1957),[23] and Mahadhevi (1957).[2][24]

According to Ashish Rajadhyaksha and Paul Willemen in the book Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema, the success of Ramachandran's 1961 film Thirudathe, marked a beginning of transition to roles that had "a contemporary setting". He often played "a saintly member of an oppressed class".[3][9] The act of showering love and affection for his family members was a recurring theme in his films during this period.[25] The films he appeared in during the 1960s played a crucial part in his subsequent career as a politician.[26] The 1963 comedy-drama film Periya Idathu Penn had him play a farmer who seeks revenge from his village's zamindar.[27][lower-alpha 1] The following year, he appeared in Thozhilali as a bus conductor who exposes the fraudulent methods of a rival bus company, and in Padagotti as a fisherman who resolves to end the dispute between two fishing communities.[25][29] In 1965, he collaborated with Tapi Chanakya in Enga Veettu Pillai, where he featured as twins of opposite natures, one a coward and the other courageous. He also featured in B. R. Panthulu's Aayirathil Oruvan the same year as a doctor who joins, and later becomes the leader of, a rebellion against a dictator.[30][31] Both the films were major commercial successes.[2] The romantic comedy Anbe Vaa (1966), where Ramachandran played an industrialist and was his only film under AVM Productions, is considered an antithesis of the roles he was doing during this period and was also commercially successful.[32][33] He continued to achieve success at the box-office with films like Arasa Kattalai and Kaavalkaaran (both released in 1967),[2][34] also garnering acclaim for the latter.[31][35] Ramachandran's portrayal of twins, a club dancer and a criminal, who are separated as children in Kudiyirundha Koyil (1968) garnered him the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor.[31][36] In 1969, he appeared as a prince who brings down a tyrant who usurps his throne and mistreats his people in K. Shankar's historical fiction film Adimai Penn, and as a government clerk who masquerades as a billionaire to defeat the corrupt trio of a doctor, a builder and a merchant in Nam Naadu.[2][37] The former won him the Best Film at the Tamil Nadu State Film Awards.[35]

Ramachandran began the 1970s with roles in such social dramas as Maattukara Velan and Engal Thangam (both released in 1970), both of which enjoyed commercial success.[9][38] The following year, he received the National Film Award for Best Actor for his role as a cycle rickshaw driver in Rickshawkaran, making it the first film and him the first actor from South Indian cinema to win the award.[39] It went on to become the highest-grossing film of the year.[2] He then directed and produced the action-adventure film Ulagam Sutrum Valiban (1973) where he also starred in dual roles as brothers, a scientist and a CBI officer. It became his most commercially successful film to that point.[2][40] Ramachandran retired from filmmaking in 1978 to take up his duties as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu; his last venture, entitled Madhuraiyai Meetta Sundharapandiyan, was a commercial failure.[9][41]

Films

• All films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.

Year	Film	Role(s)	Director(s)	Notes	Ref(s)
1936	Sathi Leelavathi	Rangaiah Naidu	Ellis R. Dungan		[5] [42]
1936	Iru Sahodarargal	Police constable	Ellis R. Dungan	Credited as G. Ramachandran	[42]
1938	Dakshayagnam	Vishnu	Raja Chandrasekhar		[9] [43]
1938	Veera Jagathis	Police constable	T. P. Kailasam R. Prakash		[9] [44]
1939	Maya Machhindra	Sooryakethu	Raja Chandrasekhar	Credited as Ramachandar	[9] [45]
1939	Prahalada	Indra	B. N. Rao		[46]
1941	Vedavathi Alladhu Seetha Jananam	Indrajith	T. R. Raghunath		[9] [47]
1941	Ashok Kumar	Mahendran	Raja Chandrasekhar	Credited as M. G. Ramachandar	[6] [48]
1942	Tamizhariyum Perumal		T. R. Raghunath	Guest appearance	[9]
1943	Dhaasippen	Shiva	Ellis R. Dungan	The film had two alternative titles: Jyothi Malar and Thumbhai Mahatmyam	[49]
1944	Harichandra	Sathyakeerthi	Kadaru Nagabhushanam		[50] [51]
1945	Saalivaahanan	Vikramaditya	B. N. Rao		[52]
1945	Meera	Jayamal	Ellis R. Dungan		[7] [53]
1946	Sri Murugan	Shiva	A. S. A. Sami		[54]
1947	Rajakumari	Mohan	A. S. A. Sami		[9] [10]
1947	Paithiyakkaran	Moorthy	Krishnan–Panju		[9] [55]
1948	Abhimanyu	Arjuna	M. Somasundaram A. Kasilingam	Credited as M. G. Ramachandar	[56]
1948	Raja Mukthi	Mahendra Varman	Raja Chandrasekhar		[9] [57] [58]
1948	Mohini	Vijayakumar	Lanka Sathyam	Credited as M. G. Ramachandar	[9]
1949	Ratnakumar	Baladevan	Krishnan–Panju	Credited as Ramachandar	[9]
1950	Marudhanaattu Ilavarasi	Kandeeban	A. Kasilingam		[9]
1950	Manthiri Kumari	Veeramohan	Ellis R. Dungan		[59] [60]
1951	Marmayogi	Karikalan	K. Ramnoth	Also made in Hindi as Ek Tha Raja	[12] [61]
1951	Sarvadhikari	Prathapan	T. R. Sundaram		[9]
1952	Andhaman Kaidhi	Nataraj	V. Krishnan		[62]
1952	Kumari	Vijayan	R. Padmanaban		[9]
1952	En Thangai	Rajendran	Chitrapu Narayana Rao		[9]
1953	Naam	Kumaran	A. Kasilingam	Also producer	[63] [64]
1953	Panakkaari	Sundar	K. S. Gopalakrishnan		[9]
1953	Genova	Cipresso	F. Nagoor	Malayalam film Also made in Tamil with the same title	[15] [65]
1954	Malaikkallan	Kumaraveeran (Abdul Rahim)[lower-alpha 2]	S. M. Sriramulu Naidu		[66]
1954	Koondukkili	Thangaraj	T. R. Ramanna		[9]
1955	Gulebakavali	Dasan	T. R. Ramanna		[9]
1956	Alibabavum 40 Thirudargalum	Ali Baba	T. R. Sundaram		[20]
1956	Madurai Veeran	Madurai Veeran	Dasari Yoganand		[67]
1956	Thaikkupin Tharam	Muthaiyan	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1957	Chakravarthi Thirumagal	Udhayasuriyan	P. Neelakantan		[9] [68]
1957	Raja Rajan	Rajan	T. V. Sundaram		[9]
1957	Pudhumai Pithan	Jeevagan	T. R. Ramanna		[9]
1957	Mahadhevi	Vallavan	Sundar Rao Nadkarni		[24]
1958	Nadodi Mannan	Marthandan, Veerangan[lower-alpha 3]	M. G. Ramachandran	Also producer	[16]
1959	Thaai Magalukku Kattiya Thaali	Kanagu	R. R. Chandiran		[9]
1960	Baghdad Thirudan	Abu	T. P. Sundaram		[9]
1960	Raja Desingu	Tej Singh alias Desingu, Dawood Khan[lower-alpha 3]	T. R. Raghunath		[69]
1960	Mannadhi Mannan	Manivannan	M. Natesan		[9]
1961	Arasilankumari	Arivazhagan	A. S. A. Sami A. Kasilingam		[70]
1961	Thirudathe	Balu	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1961	Sabaash Mapillai	Vasu	S. Raghavan		[9]
1961	Nallavan Vazhvan	Muthu	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1961	Thaai Sollai Thattadhe	Raju	M. A. Thirumugam		[71]
1962	Raani Samyuktha	Prithviraj Chauhan	Dasari Yoganand		[72]
1962	Maadappura	Ramu	S. A. Subbaraman		[9]
1962	Thayai Katha Thanayan	Sekar	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1962	Kudumba Thalaivan	Vasu	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1962	Paasam	Gopi	T. R. Ramanna		[9]
1962	Vikramaadhithan	Vikramaditya	T. R. Raghunath N. S. Ramadass		[9]
1963	Panathottam	Selvam	K. Shankar		[9]
1963	Koduthu Vaithaval	Selvam	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1963	Dharmam Thalai Kaakkum	Chandran	M. A. Thirumugam		[73]
1963	Kalai Arasi	Mohan, Alien[lower-alpha 3]	A. Kasilingam		[74] [75]
1963	Periya Idathu Penn	Murugappan	T. R. Ramanna		[27]
1963	Anandha Jodhi	Anand	V. N. Reddy A. S. A. Sami		[9]
1963	Needhikkuppin Paasam	Gopal	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1963	Kaanchi Thalaivan	Narasimha Pallavan (Mamallan)[lower-alpha 2]	A. Kasilingam		[76]
1963	Parisu	Venu	Dasari Yoganand		[9]
1964	Vettaikaaran	Babu	M. A. Thirumugam		[77]
1964	En Kadamai	Inspector Nathan	M. Natesan		[9]
1964	Panakkara Kudumbam	Nallathambi	T. R. Ramanna		[9]
1964	Dheiva Thaai	Maran	P. Madhavan		[78]
1964	Thozhilali	Raju	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1964	Padagotti	Manickam	Tatineni Prakash Rao		[29]
1964	Thaayin Madiyil	Raja	Adurthi Subba Rao		[9]
1965	Enga Veettu Pillai	Ilango, Ramu[lower-alpha 3]	Tapi Chanakya		[9]
1965	Panam Padaithavan	Raja	T. R. Ramanna		[9]
1965	Aayirathil Oruvan	Manimaran	B. R. Panthulu		[79]
1965	Kalangarai Vilakkam	Ravi	K. Shankar		[9]
1965	Kanni Thaai	Saravanan	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1965	Thazhampoo	Durai	N. S. Ramadass		[9]
1965	Aasai Mugam	Manohar	P. Pullaiah		[9]
1966	Anbe Vaa	J. B. (Balu)[lower-alpha 2]	A. C. Tirulokchandar		[32]
1966	Naan Aanaiyittal	Pandiyan	Tapi Chanakya		[9]
1966	Mugaraasi	Ramu	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1966	Nadodi	Thyagu	B. R. Panthulu		[80]
1966	Chandhrodhayam	Chandran	K. Shankar		[81]
1966	Thaali Bhagyam	Murugan	Kadaru Nagabhushanam		[9]
1966	Thanipiravi	Muthaiah	M. A. Thirumugam		[82]
1966	Parakkum Paavai	Jeeva	T. R. Ramanna		[83]
1966	Petralthan Pillaiya	Anandhan	Krishnan–Panju		[84]
1967	Thaikku Thalaimagan	Marudhu	M. A. Thirumugam		[9] [85]
1967	Arasa Kattalai	Vijayan	M. G. Chakrapani		[86]
1967	Kaavalkaaran	Mani	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1967	Vivasayee	Muthaiah	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1968	Ragasiya Police 115	Ramu	B. R. Panthulu		[9]
1968	Thaer Thiruvizha	Saravanan, Himself[lower-alpha 3]	M. A. Thirumugam		[9] [87]
1968	Kudiyirundha Koyil	Anand, Sekar (Babu)[lower-alpha 4]	K. Shankar	Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor	[9] [35] [88]
1968	Kannan En Kadhalan	Kannan	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1968	Pudhiya Bhoomi	Katheeravan	Tapi Chanakya		[89]
1968	Kanavan	Valaiyan	P. Neelakantan		[89]
1968	Oli Vilakku	Muthu	Tapi Chanakya		[90]
1968	Kadhal Vaaganam	Sundaram	M. A. Thirumugam		[9] [91]
1969	Adimai Penn	Vengaiya Malaiyan, Vengaiyyan[lower-alpha 3]	K. Shankar	Also producer Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film	[35] [92] [93]
1969	Nam Naadu	Dorai	C. P. Jambulingam		[94]
1970	Maattukara Velan	Velan, Raghu[lower-alpha 3]	P. Neelakantan		[94] [95]
1970	En Annan	Rangan	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1970	Thalaivan	Ilango	P. A. Thomas Singamuthu		[9] [96]
1970	Thedi Vandha Mappillai	Shankar	B. R. Panthulu		[9]
1970	Engal Thangam	Thangam	Krishnan–Panju		[97]
1971	Kumari Kottam	Gopal	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1971	Rickshawkaran	Selvam	M. Krishnan Nair	National Film Award for Best Actor	[9] [35]
1971	Neerum Neruppum	Manivannan, Karikalan[lower-alpha 3]	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1971	Oru Thaai Makkal	Kannan	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1972	Sange Muzhangu	Murugan	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1972	Nalla Neram	Raju	M. A. Thirumugam		[9]
1972	Raman Thediya Seethai	Raman	P. Neelakantan		[9]
1972	Naan Yen Pirandhen	Kannan	M. Krishnan Nair		[9]
1972	Annamitta Kai	Durairaj	M. Krishnan Nair		[9]
1972	Idhaya Veenai	Sundaram	Krishnan–Panju		[9]
1973	Ulagam Sutrum Valiban	Raju, Murugan[lower-alpha 3]	M. G. Ramachandran	Also producer	[40] [98]
1973	Pattikaattu Ponnaiya	Ponnaiah, Muthaiah[lower-alpha 3]	B. S. Ranga		[9]
1974	Netru Indru Naalai	Rathnam (Manickam), Kumar[lower-alpha 4]	P. Neelakantan		[9] [99]
1974	Urimaikural	Gopi	C. V. Sridhar		[9]
1974	Sirithu Vazha Vendum	Ramu, Rahman[lower-alpha 3]	S. S. Balan		[9] [3]
1975	Ninaithadhai Mudippavan	Sundaram, Ranjith Kumar[lower-alpha 3]	P. Neelakantan		[100]
1975	Naalai Namadhe	Shankar, Vijay[lower-alpha 3]	K. S. Sethumadhavan		[9]
1975	Idhayakkani	Mohan	A. Jagannathan		[101]
1975	Pallandu Vazhga	Rajan	K. Shankar		[102]
1976	Needhikku Thalaivanangu	Vijay	P. Neelakantan		[103]
1976	Uzhaikkum Karangal	Ranga	K. Shankar		[9]
1976	Oorukku Uzhaippavan	Selvam, Kumar[lower-alpha 3]	M. Krishnan Nair		[9]
1977	Navarathinam	Thangam	A. P. Nagarajan		[9]
1977	Indru Pol Endrum Vaazhga	Murugan	K. Shankar		[9]
1977	Meenava Nanban	Kumaran	C. V. Sridhar		[9]
1978	Madhuraiyai Meetta Sundharapandiyan	Sundarapandian	M. G. Ramachandran	Also producer	[9]
1990	Avasara Police 100	Raj	K. Bhagyaraj	Posthumous release. Archive footage of Ramachandran's unfinished film Anna Nee En Dheivam used.	[9] [104] [105]
1991	Nallathai Naadu Kekum	Raja	Jeppiaar	Posthumous release. Archive footage of Ramachandran's unfinished film of the same name used.	[104] [106]

See also

M. G. Ramachandran's unrealized projects

Notes

1. The word zamindar refers to a landowner who leases his land to tenant farmers.[28]
2. M. G. Ramachandran played a single character in the film who has two or more different names.
3. M. G. Ramachandran played dual roles in this film.
4. M. G. Ramachandran played dual roles in this film, one of who has two or more different names.

References

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Bibliography

• Joshi, Priya; Dudrah, Rajinder (16 May 2016). The 1970s and Its Legacies in India's Cinemas. New York City: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-83658-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Kannan, R. (2010). Anna: The Life and Times of C.N. Annadurai. New Delhi: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-6700-8328-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Kannan, R. (2017). MGR: A Life. New Delhi: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-93-8649-588-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Kasbekar, Asha (2006). Pop Culture India!: Media, Arts, and Lifestyle. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-636-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Rajadhyaksha, Ashish; Willemen, Paul (1998) [1994]. Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema (PDF). New Delhi: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-563579-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Rajanayagam, S. (2015). Popular Cinema and Politics in South India: The Films of MGR and Rajinikanth. New Delhi: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-138-82203-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

External links

• M. G. Ramachandran filmography on IMDb