Louis Harold Gray

Louis Harold Gray (10 November 1905 – 9 July 1965) was an English physicist who worked mainly on the effects of radiation on biological systems. He was one of the earliest contributors of the field of radiobiology. A summary of his work is given below. Amongst many other achievements, he defined a unit of radiation dosage which was later named after him as an SI unit, the gray.[4][5]

LH Gray (left) and J Boag supervising construction of the Gray Laboratory at Mount Vernon Hospital in north London.
Louis Harold Gray
Born(1905-11-10)10 November 1905
Richmond upon Thames, England
Died9 July 1965(1965-07-09) (aged 59)
Northwood, London[1]
Known forBragg–Gray cavity theory
Gray (unit)
AwardsFellow of the Royal Society[2]
Scientific career
Author abbrev. (botany)

Career
  • 1933 - Hospital physicist at Mount Vernon Hospital, London
  • 1936 - Developed the Bragg–Gray equation, the basis for the cavity ionization method of measuring gamma-ray energy absorption by materials
  • 1937 - Built an early neutron generator at Mount Vernon Hospital
  • 1938 - Studied biological effects of neutrons using the generator
  • 1940 - Developed concept of RBE (Relative Biological Effectiveness) of doses of neutrons
  • 1952 - Initiated research into cells in hypoxic tumors and hyperbaric oxygen
  • 1953 - Established the Gray Laboratory at Mount Vernon Hospital
  • 1953 - 1960 - Under Gray's direction, Jack W. Boag developed pulse radiolysis
  • 1962 - Ed Hart, of Argonne National Laboratory, and Jack Boag discovered the hydrated electron using pulse radiolysis at the Gray Laboratory - This discovery initiated a new direction of research that is still very active today and is vital for understanding the effects of radiation on biological tissue, for instance in cancer treatment.
gollark: For reasons.
gollark: Merely FAKE niceness.
gollark: Mathematically proven impossible.
gollark: Apparently, it's about twice as fast.
gollark: Nope, A72 now.

References
  1. "LH Gray Memorial Trust: About L.H. Gray".
  2. Loutit, J. F.; Scott, O. C. A. (1966). "Louis Harold Gray 1905-1965". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 12 (2): 195–217. Bibcode:1966PMB....11..329.. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1966.0009.
  3. IPNI.  L.H.Gray.
  4. Louis Harold Gray F.R.S. - a chronology, CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, 29 June 2000, archived from the original on 7 April 2014, retrieved 2014-04-04
  5. Slipman, Curtis W.; Chou, Larry H.; Derby, Richard; Simeone, Frederick A.; Mayer, Tom G. (2008), Interventional spine: an algorithmic approach, Elsevier Health Sciences, p. 230–231, ISBN 978-0-7216-2872-1
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