List of states and territories of the United States by population
The states and territories included in the United States Census Bureau's statistics include the fifty states, the District of Columbia, and the five permanently inhabited territories of the United States, including Puerto Rico.[1]
Methodology
The United States Census counts total persons residing in the United States including citizens, non-citizen permanent residents, and non-citizen long-term visitors.[2] Civilian and military federal employees serving abroad and their dependents are counted in their home state.[3]
Electoral apportionment
Based on data from each decennial census, each state is allocated a proportion of the 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives (although each state is guaranteed a minimum of one House seat regardless of population). This apportionment is based on the proportion of each state's population to the combined population of the fifty states (not including the District of Columbia, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, or the United States Virgin Islands). The Electoral College is the body that, every four years, elects the President and Vice President of the United States based on the popular vote in each state and the District of Columbia (DC). Each state's number of votes in the Electoral College is equal to that state's total number of members in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States Congress. The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution effectively grants DC, which is not part of any state, three Electoral College votes. More precisely, DC gets as many Electoral College votes as it would have if it were a state, with the caveat that DC can have no more votes than the least populous state (currently, Wyoming). Currently, this caveat is a moot point since DC would only be entitled to one member of the House of Representatives if it were a state, and is more populous than only two of the seven states with a single member in the House since 2013. Since the Constitution guarantees every state at least one member of the U.S. House of Representatives and two U.S. Senators, it effectively guarantees every state (and, since the ratification of the 23rd Amendment to the Constitution, DC) at least three Electoral College votes. Thus, the total representation in the Electoral College is 538 members (100 senators, plus 435 representatives, plus 3 members for the District of Columbia).[4] Territories of the United States such as Puerto Rico are not included in the electoral college, and so people in those territories cannot vote for the President of the United States;[5] because of this, various scholars conclude that the U.S. national-electoral process is not fully democratic due to U.S. government disenfranchisement of U.S. citizens residing in the U.S. territories.[6][7]
State rankings
Rank | State | Census population | Change, 2010–2019 | Total U.S. House of Representatives Seats |
Estimated population per electoral vote, 2019[note 1] |
Census population per House seat | Percent of the total U.S. population, 2019[note 2] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Current | 2010 | Estimate, July 1, 2019[8] |
April 1, 2010[9] | Percent [note 3] |
Absolute | Estimated, 2019 | 2010 | ||||
1 | 1 | 39,512,223 | 37,253,956 | 6.1% | +2,257,700 | 53 | 718,404 | 745,514 | 702,885 | 11.91% | |
2 | 2 | 28,995,881 | 25,145,561 | 15.3% | +3,850,320 | 36 | 763,050 | 805,441 | 698,503 | 8.74% | |
3 | 4 | 21,477,737 | 18,801,310 | 14.2% | +2,676,427 | 27 | 740,611 | 795,472 | 696,468 | 6.47% | |
4 | 3 | 19,453,561 | 19,378,102 | 0.4% | +75,459 | 27 | 670,812 | 720,502 | 717,707 | 5.86% | |
5 | 6 | 12,801,989 | 12,702,379 | 0.8% | +99,610 | 18 | 640,099 | 711,222 | 705,715 | 3.86% | |
6 | 5 | 12,671,821 | 12,830,632 | –1.2% | –158,811 | 18 | 633,591 | 703,990 | 712,864 | 3.82% | |
7 | 7 | 11,689,100 | 11,536,504 | 1.3% | +152,596 | 16 | 649,394 | 730,569 | 721,032 | 3.52% | |
8 | 9 | 10,617,423 | 9,687,653 | 9.6% | +929,770 | 14 | 663,589 | 758,387 | 691,975 | 3.20% | |
9 | 10 | 10,488,084 | 9,535,483 | 10.0% | +952,601 | 13 | 699,206 | 806,776 | 733,498 | 3.16% | |
10 | 8 | 9,986,857 | 9,883,640 | 1.04% | +103,217 | 14 | 624,179 | 713,347 | 705,974 | 3.01% | |
11 | 11 | 8,882,190 | 8,791,894 | 1.03% | +90,296 | 12 | 634,442 | 740,183 | 732,658 | 2.68% | |
12 | 12 | 8,535,519 | 8,001,024 | 6.7% | +534,495 | 11 | 656,578 | 775,956 | 727,366 | 2.57% | |
13 | 13 | 7,614,893 | 6,724,540 | 13.2% | +890,353 | 10 | 634,574 | 751,489 | 672,454 | 2.29% | |
14 | 16 | 7,278,717 | 6,392,017 | 13.9% | +886,700 | 9 | 661,702 | 808,746 | 710,224 | 2.19% | |
15 | 14 | 6,892,503 | 6,547,629 | 5.3% | +344,874 | 9 | 626,591 | 765,834 | 727,514 | 2.09% | |
16 | 17 | 6,829,174 | 6,346,105 | 7.6% | +483,069 | 9 | 620,834 | 758,797 | 705,123 | 2.06% | |
17 | 15 | 6,732,219 | 6,483,802 | 3.8% | +248,417 | 9 | 612,020 | 748,024 | 720,422 | 2.03% | |
18 | 18 | 6,137,428 | 5,988,927 | 2.48% | +148,501 | 8 | 613,743 | 767,179 | 748,615 | 1.85% | |
19 | 19 | 6,045,680 | 5,773,552 | 4.7% | +272,128 | 8 | 604,568 | 755,710 | 721,694 | 1.82% | |
20 | 20 | 5,822,434 | 5,686,986 | 2.4% | +135,448 | 8 | 582,243 | 727,804 | 710,873 | 1.75% | |
21 | 22 | 5,758,736 | 5,029,196 | 14.5% | +729,540 | 7 | 639,860 | 822,677 | 720,704 | 1.74% | |
22 | 21 | 5,639,632 | 5,303,925 | 6.3% | +335,707 | 8 | 563,963 | 704,954 | 662,991 | 1.70% | |
23 | 24 | 5,148,714 | 4,625,364 | 11.3% | +523,350 | 7 | 572,079 | 735,531 | 660,766 | 1.55% | |
24 | 23 | 4,903,185 | 4,779,736 | 2.6% | +123,449 | 7 | 544,798 | 700,455 | 682,819 | 1.48% | |
25 | 25 | 4,648,794 | 4,533,372 | 2.546% | +115,422 | 6 | 581,099 | 774,799 | 755,562 | 1.40% | |
26 | 26 | 4,467,673 | 4,339,367 | 2.96% | +128,306 | 6 | 558,459 | 744,612 | 723,228 | 1.35% | |
27 | 27 | 4,217,737 | 3,831,074 | 10.1% | +386,663 | 5 | 602,534 | 843,547 | 766,215 | 1.27% | |
28 | 28 | 3,956,971 | 3,751,351 | 5.5% | +205,620 | 5 | 565,282 | 791,394 | 750,270 | 1.19% | |
29 | 30 | 3,565,287 | 3,574,097 | –0.2% | –8,810 | 5 | 509,327 | 713,057 | 714,824 | 1.07% | |
30 | 35 | 3,205,958 | 2,763,885 | 16.0% | +442,073 | 4 | 534,326 | 801,490 | 690,972 | 0.97% | |
31 | 29 | 3,193,694 | 3,725,789 | –14.3% | –532,095 | 1 (non-voting) | — | 3,193,694 | 3,725,789 | 0.96% | |
32 | 31 | 3,155,070 | 3,046,355 | 3.6% | +108,715 | 4 | 525,845 | 788,768 | 761,717 | 0.95% | |
33 | 36 | 3,080,156 | 2,700,551 | 14.1% | +379,605 | 4 | 513,359 | 770,039 | 675,173 | 0.93% | |
34 | 33 | 3,017,804 | 2,915,918 | 3.5% | +101,886 | 4 | 502,967 | 754,451 | 728,990 | 0.91% | |
35 | 32 | 2,976,149 | 2,967,297 | 0.3% | +8,852 | 4 | 496,024 | 744,037 | 742,026 | 0.90% | |
36 | 34 | 2,913,314 | 2,853,118 | 2.1% | +60,196 | 4 | 485,552 | 728,329 | 713,280 | 0.88% | |
37 | 37 | 2,096,829 | 2,059,179 | 1.8% | +37,650 | 3 | 419,366 | 698,943 | 686,393 | 0.63% | |
38 | 39 | 1,934,408 | 1,826,341 | 5.9% | +108,067 | 3 | 386,882 | 644,803 | 608,780 | 0.58% | |
39 | 38 | 1,792,147 | 1,852,994 | –3.3% | –60,847 | 3 | 358,435 | 597,391 | 617,670 | 0.54% | |
40 | 40 | 1,787,065 | 1,567,582 | 14.0% | +219,483 | 2 | 446,516 | 893,033 | 783,826 | 0.54% | |
41 | 41 | 1,415,872 | 1,360,301 | 4.1% | +55,571 | 2 | 353,968 | 707,936 | 680,151 | 0.43% | |
42 | 43 | 1,359,711 | 1,316,470 | 3.3% | +43,241 | 2 | 339,928 | 679,856 | 658,233 | 0.41% | |
43 | 42 | 1,344,212 | 1,328,361 | 1.2% | +15,851 | 2 | 336,053 | 672,106 | 664,181 | 0.41% | |
44 | 45 | 1,068,778 | 989,415 | 8.0% | +79,363 | 1 | 356,259 | 1,068,778 | 989,417 | 0.32% | |
45 | 44 | 1,059,361 | 1,052,567 | 0.6% | +6,794 | 2 | 264,840 | 529,681 | 526,466 | 0.32% | |
46 | 46 | 973,764 | 897,934 | 8.4% | +75,830 | 1 | 324,588 | 973,764 | 897,934 | 0.29% | |
47 | 47 | 884,659 | 814,180 | 8.7% | +70,479 | 1 | 294,886 | 884,659 | 814,180 | 0.27% | |
48 | 49 | 762,062 | 672,591 | 13.3% | +89,471 | 1 | 254,021 | 762,062 | 672,591 | 0.23% | |
49 | 48 | 731,545 | 710,231 | 3.00% | +21,314 | 1 | 243,848 | 731,545 | 710,231 | 0.22% | |
50 | 51 | 705,749 | 601,723 | 17.3% | +104,026 | 1 (non-voting) | 235,250 | — | — | 0.21% | |
51 | 50 | 623,989 | 625,741 | –0.3% | –1,752 | 1 | 207,996 | 623,989 | 625,741 | 0.19% | |
52 | 52 | 578,759 | 563,626 | 2.7% | +15,133 | 1 | 192,920 | 578,759 | 563,626 | 0.17% | |
53 | 53 | 168,485[10] | 159,358[11] | 5.73% | +9,127 | 1 (non-voting) | — | — | — | 0.05% | |
54 | 54 | 106,235[12] | 106,405[13] | –0.16% | –170 | 1 (non-voting) | — | — | — | 0.03% | |
55 | 56 | 51,433[14] | 53,883[15] | –4.55% | –2,450 | 1 (non-voting) | — | — | — | 0.02% | |
56 | 55 | 49,437[16] | 55,519[17] | –10.95% | –6,082 | 1 (non-voting) | — | — | — | 0.02% | |
— | — | Contiguous United States | 325,386,357 | 306,675,006 | 6.2% | +19,011,351 | 432 | 616,262 | 753,209 | 708,285 | 98.06% |
— | — | The fifty states | 327,533,795 | 308,143,836 | 6.3% | +19,389,959 | 435 | 612,213 | 752,951 | 708,405 | 98.71% |
— | — | Fifty states + D.C. | 328,239,523 | 308,745,538 | 6.3% | +19,493,985 | 435 (+ 1 non-voting) | 610,111 | — | — | 98.92% |
— | — | Total U.S. (including D.C. and territories) | 331,808,807 | 312,846,492 | 6.1% | +18,962,315 | 435 (+ 6 non-voting) | — | — | — | 100.00% |
- Each state has a number of votes in the Electoral College equal to two more than its number of representatives in the U.S. House, while DC is granted 3 electoral votes. The Electoral College is used to elect the President and Vice President of the United States.
- Because of rounding of the individual percentages, the entries in this column may not sum to 100%.
- This figure for each state compares to a national increase of 5.97%.
Summary of population by region
Legend |
---|
Division totals – 9 divisions for 50 states and District of Columbia |
Region totals – 4 regions (2 or 3 divisions each) |
Individual territories |
Total U.S. territories |
50 states + District of Columbia |
Divisions & regions as defined by U.S. Census Bureau |
Last col. shows larger region which contains entity in col. 1 |
State/federal district/territory/ division/region |
Rank | 2019 population | Rank | 2010 population |
Rank | 2000 population |
Rank | 2000- 2010 change |
Geographic sort |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
15 | 6,892,503 | 14 | 6,547,629 | 13 | 6,349,097 | 43 | 3.1% | NEng | |
29 | 3,565,287 | 29 | 3,574,097 | 29 | 3,405,565 | 35 | 4.9% | NEng | |
41 | 1,359,711 | 42 | 1,316,470 | 41 | 1,235,786 | 32 | 6.5% | NEng | |
42 | 1,344,212 | 41 | 1,328,361 | 40 | 1,274,923 | 39 | 4.2% | NEng | |
44 | 1,059,361 | 43 | 1,052,567 | 43 | 1,048,319 | 49 | 0.4% | NEng | |
49 | 623,989 | 49 | 625,741 | 49 | 608,827 | 44 | 2.8% | NEng | |
New England | 9 | 14,845,063 | 9 | 14,444,865 | 9 | 13,922,517 | 7 | 3.8% | NEast |
4 | 19,453,561 | 3 | 19,378,102 | 3 | 18,976,457 | 46 | 2.1% | MAtl | |
5 | 12,801,989 | 6 | 12,702,379 | 6 | 12,281,054 | 41 | 3.4% | MAtl | |
11 | 8,882,190 | 11 | 8,791,894 | 9 | 8,414,350 | 37 | 4.5% | MAtl | |
Mid-Atlantic | 4 | 41,137,740 | 4 | 40,872,375 | 4 | 39,671,861 | 8 | 3.0% | NEast |
Northeast | 4 | 55,982,803 | 4 | 55,317,240 | 4 | 53,594,378 | 4 | 3.2% | USA |
3 | 21,477,737 | 4 | 18,801,310 | 4 | 15,982,378 | 8 | 17.6% | SAtl | |
8 | 10,617,423 | 9 | 9,687,653 | 10 | 8,186,453 | 7 | 18.3% | SAtl | |
9 | 10,488,084 | 10 | 9,535,483 | 11 | 8,049,313 | 6 | 18.5% | SAtl | |
12 | 8,535,519 | 12 | 8,001,024 | 12 | 7,078,515 | 16 | 13.0% | SAtl | |
19 | 6,045,680 | 19 | 5,773,552 | 19 | 5,296,486 | 23 | 9.0% | SAtl | |
23 | 5,148,714 | 24 | 4,625,364 | 26 | 4,012,012 | 10 | 15.3% | SAtl | |
38 | 1,792,147 | 37 | 1,852,994 | 37 | 1,808,344 | 45 | 2.5% | SAtl | |
45 | 973,764 | 45 | 897,934 | 45 | 783,600 | 11 | 14.6% | SAtl | |
-- | 705,749 | -- | 601,723 | -- | 572,059 | -- | 5.2% | SAtl | |
South Atlantic | 1 | 65,784,817 | 1 | 59,777,037 | 1 | 51,769,160 | 3 | 15.5% | South |
16 | 6,829,174 | 17 | 6,346,105 | 16 | 5,689,283 | 19 | 11.5% | ESC | |
24 | 4,903,185 | 23 | 4,779,736 | 23 | 4,447,100 | 27 | 7.5% | ESC | |
26 | 4,467,673 | 26 | 4,339,367 | 25 | 4,041,769 | 28 | 7.4% | ESC | |
34 | 2,976,149 | 31 | 2,967,297 | 31 | 2,844,658 | 38 | 4.3% | ESC | |
East South Central | 8 | 19,176,181 | 8 | 18,432,505 | 8 | 17,022,810 | 5 | 8.3% | South |
2 | 28,995,881 | 2 | 25,145,561 | 2 | 20,851,820 | 5 | 20.6% | WSC | |
25 | 4,648,794 | 25 | 4,533,372 | 22 | 4,468,976 | 48 | 1.4% | WSC | |
28 | 3,956,971 | 28 | 3,751,351 | 27 | 3,450,654 | 24 | 8.7% | WSC | |
33 | 3,017,804 | 32 | 2,915,918 | 33 | 2,673,400 | 22 | 9.1% | WSC | |
West South Central | 5 | 40,619,450 | 5 | 36,346,202 | 5 | 31,444,850 | 2 | 15.6% | South |
South | 1 | 125,580,448 | 1 | 114,555,744 | 1 | 100,236,820 | 1 | 14.3% | USA |
6 | 12,671,821 | 5 | 12,830,632 | 5 | 12,419,293 | 42 | 3.3% | ENC | |
7 | 11,689,100 | 7 | 11,536,504 | 7 | 11,353,140 | 47 | 1.6% | ENC | |
10 | 9,986,857 | 8 | 9,883,640 | 8 | 9,938,444 | 50 | -0.6% | ENC | |
17 | 6,732,219 | 15 | 6,483,802 | 14 | 6,080,485 | 31 | 6.6% | ENC | |
20 | 5,822,434 | 20 | 5,686,986 | 18 | 5,363,675 | 34 | 6.0% | ENC | |
East North Central | 3 | 46,902,431 | 3 | 46,421,564 | 2 | 45,155,037 | 9 | 2.8% | MWest |
18 | 6,137,428 | 18 | 5,988,927 | 17 | 5,595,211 | 29 | 7.0% | WNC | |
22 | 5,639,632 | 21 | 5,303,925 | 21 | 4,919,479 | 26 | 7.8% | WNC | |
31 | 3,155,070 | 30 | 3,046,355 | 30 | 2,926,324 | 40 | 4.1% | WNC | |
35 | 2,913,314 | 33 | 2,853,118 | 32 | 2,688,418 | 33 | 6.1% | WNC | |
37 | 1,934,408 | 38 | 1,826,341 | 38 | 1,711,263 | 30 | 6.7% | WNC | |
46 | 884,659 | 46 | 814,180 | 46 | 754,844 | 25 | 7.9% | WNC | |
47 | 762,062 | 48 | 672,591 | 47 | 642,200 | 36 | 4.7% | WNC | |
West North Central | 7 | 21,426,573 | 7 | 20,505,437 | 6 | 19,237,739 | 6 | 6.6% | MWest |
Midwest | 3 | 68,329,004 | 3 | 66,927,001 | 2 | 64,392,776 | 3 | 3.9% | USA |
14 | 7,278,717 | 16 | 6,392,017 | 20 | 5,130,632 | 2 | 24.6% | Mtn | |
21 | 5,758,736 | 22 | 5,029,196 | 24 | 4,301,261 | 9 | 16.9% | Mtn | |
30 | 3,205,958 | 34 | 2,763,885 | 34 | 2,233,169 | 3 | 23.8% | Mtn | |
32 | 3,080,156 | 35 | 2,700,551 | 35 | 1,998,257 | 1 | 35.1% | Mtn | |
36 | 2,096,829 | 36 | 2,059,179 | 36 | 1,819,046 | 15 | 13.2% | Mtn | |
39 | 1,787,065 | 39 | 1,567,582 | 39 | 1,293,953 | 4 | 21.1% | Mtn | |
43 | 1,068,778 | 44 | 989,415 | 44 | 902,195 | 21 | 9.7% | Mtn | |
50 | 578,759 | 50 | 563,626 | 50 | 493,782 | 12 | 14.1% | Mtn | |
Mountain | 6 | 24,854,998 | 6 | 22,065,451 | 7 | 18,172,295 | 1 | 21.4% | West |
1 | 39,512,223 | 1 | 37,253,956 | 1 | 33,871,648 | 20 | 10.0% | Pac | |
13 | 7,614,893 | 13 | 6,724,540 | 15 | 5,894,121 | 13 | 14.1% | Pac | |
27 | 4,217,737 | 27 | 3,831,074 | 28 | 3,421,399 | 18 | 12.0% | Pac | |
40 | 1,415,872 | 40 | 1,360,301 | 42 | 1,211,537 | 17 | 12.3% | Pac | |
48 | 731,545 | 47 | 710,231 | 48 | 626,932 | 14 | 13.3% | Pac | |
Pacific | 2 | 53,492,270 | 2 | 49,880,102 | 3 | 45,025,637 | 4 | 10.8% | West |
West | 2 | 78,347,268 | 2 | 71,945,553 | 3 | 63,197,932 | 2 | 13.8% | USA |
-- | 328,239,523 | -- | 308,745,538 | -- | 281,421,906 | -- | 9.7% | NAmer | |
1 | 3,193,694 | 1 | 3,725,789 | 1 | 3,808,610 | 3 | -2.2% | Terr. | |
2 | [note 1] | 2 | 159,358 | 2 | 154,805 | 1 | 2.9% | Terr. | |
3 | [note 1] | 3 | 106,405 | 3 | 108,612 | 2 | -2.0% | Terr. | |
4 | [note 1] | 4 | 55,519 | 5 | 57,291 | 4 | -3.1% | Terr. | |
5 | [note 1] | 5 | 53,883 | 4 | 69,221 | 5 | -22.2% | Terr. | |
Total Territories | -- | [note 1] | -- | 4,100,954 | -- | 4,198,539 | -- | -2.3% | USA |
- There is no official population estimate for American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and United States Virgin Islands between the decennial censuses.
See also
- Demographics of the United States
- List of U.S. states and territories by area
- List of U.S. states by African-American population
- List of U.S. states by historical population (tables of state populations since 1790)
- List of U.S. states by population density
- List of U.S. states by population growth rate
- List of U.S. states by religiosity
- List of U.S. states by vehicles per capita
- List of U.S. states ranked per five-factor model personality trait
- List of United States cities by population
References
- General
- "National Totals: Vintage 2015". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
- "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved December 26, 2010.
- "2010 Apportionment Population", U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved January 6, 2011
- "2009 Census estimates". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on August 7, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
- Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1995, U.S. Census Bureau, Section 29: Outlying Areas, Table No. 1347. Land Area and Population Characteristics, by [Outlying] Area: 1990 (page 828). Retrieved May 28, 2011
- Specific
- Geographic Terms and Concepts - Island Areas of the United States, U.S. Census Bureau, archived from the original on December 10, 2016, retrieved March 19, 2019
- "FAQ: Does the Census Bureau collect data on the number of unauthorized migrants?". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
- "FAQ: Will 2010 Census apportionment population counts also include any Americans overseas". U. S Census Bureau. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
- Office of the Federal Register. "A Procedural Guide to the Electoral College". National Archives and Records Administration. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
- http://www.gao.gov/archive/1998/og98005.pdf "U.S. Insular Areas: application of the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). U.S. General Accounting Office Report. November 1997. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
- https://books.google.com/?id=xDhWAAAACAAJ&dq=The+Supreme+Court+and+Puerto+Rico:+The+Doctrine+of+Separate+and+Unequal Torruella, Juan R. (1985).Torruella, Juan R. (1985), The Supreme Court and Puerto Rico: The Doctrine of Separate and Unequal, University of Puerto Rico Press, ISBN 0-8477-3031-X
- http://academic.udayton.edu/race/02rights/citizen01.htm José D. Román. "Puerto Rico and a Constitutional Right to vote". University of Dayton. Retrieved October 2, 2007. (excerpted from: José D. Román, "Trying to Fit an Oval Shaped Island into a Square Constitution: Arguments for Puerto Rican Statehood" (), 29 Fordham Urban Law Journal 1681–1713, 1697–1713 (April 2002) (316 Footnotes Omitted))
- "Population, Population Change, and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019 (NST-EST2019-alldata)". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 26, 2020. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
- "Resident Population Data: Population Change". United States Census Bureau. December 23, 2010. Archived from the original on December 25, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
- https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gq.html CIA World Factbook. Guam. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on September 24, 2011. Retrieved September 12, 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/vq.html CIA World Factbook. U.S. Virgin Islands. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on November 1, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cq.html CIA World Factbook. Northern Mariana Islands. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved March 2, 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/aq.html CIA World Factbook. American Samoa. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on July 23, 2012. Retrieved September 11, 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: United States". www.census.gov. Retrieved December 30, 2019.