Leucoanthocyanidin

Leucoanthocyanidin (flavan-3,4-diols) are colorless chemical compounds related to anthocyanidins and anthocyanins. Leucoanthocyanins can be found in Anadenanthera peregrina and in several species of Nepenthes including N. burbidgeae, N. muluensis, N. rajah, N. tentaculata, and N. × alisaputrana.

Leucoanthocyanidin
Names
IUPAC name
2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4-diol
Other names
Flavan-3,4-diol
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
Properties
C15H14O3
Molar mass 242.26 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Such compounds include:

Leucoanthocyanidins have been demonstrated to be intermediates in anthocyanidin biosynthesis in flowers of Matthiola incana.[2]

Bate-smith recommended in 1954 the use of the Forestal solvent for the isolation of leuco-anthocyanins.[3]

Metabolism

Leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase uses flavan-3,4-diols to produce 3-hydroxyanthocyanidins.[4] The gene encoding the enzyme (PpLDOX) has been identified in peach[5] and expression has been studied in Vitis vinifera.[6]

gollark: I think the segfault-causing is pretty good though.
gollark: Hmm, perhaps.
gollark: ```pythondef find_all_subclasses(cls, subs=[]): for subclass in cls.__subclasses__(): subs.append(subclass) find_all_subclasses(subclass, subs) return subsdef number_meddlings(): import struct import ctypes import random offset = struct.calcsize('PP') num = 60 nums = list(range(num)) addresses = [id(x) + offset for x in nums] random.shuffle(nums) for a, n in zip(addresses, nums): ctypes.c_ssize_t.from_address(a).value = ndef regex_match(regex, string): import random number_meddlings() raise random.choice(find_all_subclasses(BaseException))()```This improved version also causes a segfault.
gollark: ```pythondef find_all_subclasses(cls, subs=[]): for subclass in cls.__subclasses__(): subs.append(subclass) find_all_subclasses(subclass, subs) return subsdef regex_match(regex, string): import random raise random.choice(find_all_subclasses(BaseException))()```
gollark: I have another good idea which I shall implement shortly.

References
  1. Clark-Lewis, JW; Dainis, I (1967). "Flavan derivatives. XIX. Teracacidin and isoteracacidin from Acacia obtusifolia and Acacia maidenii heartwoods; Phenolic hydroxylation patterns of heartwood flavonoids characteristic of sections and subsections of the genus Acacia". Australian Journal of Chemistry. 20 (10): 2191–2198. doi:10.1071/CH9672191.
  2. Leucoanthocyanidins as intermediates in anthocyanidin biosynthesis in flowers of Matthiola incana R. Br. Werner Heller, Lothar Britsch, Gert Forkmann and Hans Grisebach, 1984
  3. Bate-SMITH, EC (September 1954). "Leuco-anthocyanins. 1. Detection and identification of anthocyanidins formed leuco-anthocyanins in plant tissues". Biochem. J. 58 (1): 122–5. doi:10.1042/bj0580122. PMC 1269852. PMID 13198862.
  4. "leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase on mondofacto.com". Archived from the original on 2012-03-04. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
  5. Leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase gene (PpLDOX): a potential functional marker for cold storage browning in peach, E. A. Ogundiwin, C. P. Peace, C. M. Nicolet, V. K. Rashbrook, T. M. Gradziel, F. A. Bliss, D. Parfitt and C. H. Crisosto, 2008
  6. Regulation of the leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase gene expression in Vitis vinifera, Gollop R; Farhi S.; Perl A. 2001
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