Kiliya

Kiliya (Ukrainian: Кілія; Russian: Килия; Romanian: Chilia [-Nouă]; Moldovan (Cyrillic): Килия [-Ноуэ]; Polish: Kilia; Greek: Κελλία, Kellía; Turkish: Kilya) is a small city in Odessa Oblast (province) of southwestern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Kiliya Raion (district), and is located in the Danube Delta, in the Bessarabian historic district of Budjak. The Chilia branch of the Danube river, which separates Ukraine from Romania, is named after Kiliya. Population: 20,311 (2015 est.)[1]

Kiliia

Кілія
Old street with the view at the St. Nicholas Church
Coat of arms
Kiliia
Location in Ukraine
Kiliia
Kiliia (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 45°27′N 29°14′E
Country Ukraine
OblastOdessa Oblast
RaionKiliya Raion
City founded862
Government
 • MayorBoychenko Pavlo Ivanovich
Area
 • Total19.5 km2 (7.5 sq mi)
Elevation
5 m (16 ft)
Population
 (2015)
 • Total20,311
 • Density1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
68300 - 68303
Area code(s)+380 4843

History
Historical affiliations

Byzantine Empire Until 1361
From 1361 til 1412 contested between
 Kingdom of Hungary, Wallachia,
 Poland and the Ottoman Empire
Principality of Moldavia 1412-1448
Kingdom of Hungary 1448-1465
Principality of Moldavia 1465-1484
 Ottoman Empire 1484–1812
 Russian Empire 1812–1856
Principality of Moldavia 1856–1859
Romanian United Principalities 1859–1878
 Russian Empire 1878–1917
 Moldavian Democratic Republic 1917–1918
 Kingdom of Romania 1918–1940
 Soviet Union 1940–1941
 Kingdom of Romania 1941–1944
 Soviet Union 1944–1991
 Ukraine 1991–present

A town on the Romanian side of the Chilia branch of the Danube, known as Chilia Veche (Ukrainian: Cтapa Кілія, translit. Stara Kiliya) or "Older Chilia", was founded by the Greek Byzantines - κελλία, kellia in Greek being the equivalent of "granaries", a name first recorded in 1241, in the works of the Persian chronicler Rashid-al-Din Hamadani.

Kiliya is therefore sometimes referred to as Nova Kiliya (Russian: Ново Килия, Ukrainian: Нова Кілія, translit. Novo Kiliya, Romanian: Chilia Nouă), or "New Kiliya". It was founded by Stephen the Great of Moldavia, in order to counteract the Ottoman Empire which had taken control over Chilia Veche in the 15th century. It was a major Moldavian port. However, it was eventually conquered by the Ottomans in 1484, who kept it until 1790, when it was taken by Russian army under the command of the general Ivan Gudovich during Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792). The Times of London reported that "35,000 of the inhabitants were involved in a general massacre," an incident that had "been celebrated in prose and poetry." [2] The city was given back to the Ottomans in 1792, but retaken by the Russians in 1806 and awarded to them officially in 1812.

Kiliya in the 15th century

After being bombarded by the Anglo-French fleet in July 1854 during the Crimean War, it was given to Romania in the Treaty of Paris (1856). In 1878, Kiliya was transferred back to Russia together with Budjak. Between 1918 and 1940 it was again part of Romania, then integrated in the Soviet Union and the Ukrainian SSR (it was briefly held yet again by Romania, from 1941 to 1944, during World War II), and passed on to independent Ukraine after the Soviet downfall.

The oldest building in Kiliya is the semi-subterranean church of St. Nicholas, which may go back to 1485, although an old inscription in the church claims that it was founded on 10 May 1647.

  • Intercession of the Theotokos Church
  • St. Nicholas Church
  • Skyline of Kiliya from one of the churches
  • Tombstone in Kherson of soldier fallen in the siege of Kiliya
  • Tombstone in Kherson of soldier fallen in the siege of Kiliya
  • Kiliya Fortress
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References
  1. "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  2. "The Seat of War on the Danube," The Times, December 29, page 8

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