Hyphenated ethnicity

A hyphenated ethnicity or hyphenated identity is a reference to an ethnicity combined with the name of the country of residence.[1] The term is an extension of the term "hyphenated American". The term refers to the use of a hyphen between the name of an ethnicity and the name of the country in compound nouns: Irish-American, etc., although modern English language style guides recommend dropping the hyphen: "Irish American".

The concept should not be confused with that of mixed ethnicity and multiraciality, i.e., the ethnicity or race of a person whose parents have different ethnicities/races, which can also be written in a hyphenated way.

United States
Main article: Hyphenated American

The term "hyphenated American" originated in 1890s and was used disparagingly as a reference to immigrants who, by brandishing their ethnic origin, allegedly demonstrated an incomplete allegiance to the United States, especially during the World War I period.[2]

Brazil

Jeffrey Lesser wrote: "While there is no linguistic categories that acknowledge hyphenated ethnicity (a third generation Brazilian of Japanese descendant remains 'Japanese' while a fourth-generation Brazilian of Lebanese descent may become a turco, an arabe, a sirio, or a sirio-libanese), in fact immigrant communities aggressively tried to negotiate a status that allowed for both Brazilian nationality and ethnic difference". [3]

gollark: I'm actually writing a triply nested SELECT right now, fun.
gollark: Hmm, it turns out that SQL null is awful and horrible.
gollark: There *are* generally well-audited libraries for unsafe things.
gollark: ++data get rust
gollark: Isn't the borrow checker basically just enforced generalized RAII?

See also

References
  1. Visconti, L., Jafari, A., Batat, W., Broeckerhoff, A., Dedeoglu, A., Demangeot, C., ... Weinberger, M. F. (2014). "Consumer ethnicity three decades after: A TCR agenda", Journal of Marketing Management, 30, 1882-1922. (online)
  2. John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860–1925 (1955) p. 198
  3. Jeffrey Lesser, "(Re) Creating Ethnicity: Middle Eastern Immigration to Brazil", The Americas Vol. 53, No. 1 (Jul., 1996), pp. 45-65 JSTOR 1007473
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