Herisau

Herisau is a municipality of the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden in Switzerland. It is the seat of the canton's government and parliament; the judicial authorities are situated in Trogen.

Herisau
Coat of arms
Location of Herisau
Herisau
Herisau
Coordinates: 47°23′N 9°16′E
CountrySwitzerland
CantonAppenzell Ausserrhoden
Districtn.a.
Government
 • ExecutiveGemeinderat
with 7 members
 • MayorGemeindepräsident (list)
Kurt Geser
(as of June 2019)
 • ParliamentEinwohnerrat
with 31 members
Area
 • Total25.2 km2 (9.7 sq mi)
Elevation
771 m (2,530 ft)
Population
 (2018-12-31)[2]
 • Total15,744
 • Density620/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
Postal code
9100
SFOS number3001
Surrounded byDegersheim (SG), Flawil (SG), Gossau (SG), Hundwil, St. Gallen (SG), Schwellbrunn, Stein, Waldstatt
Websitewww.herisau.ch
SFSO statistics

The central hamlet and the houses around the central square, the Protestant church of 1580, the houses Wetter and zur Rose (both 1737), the hamlet Schwänberg and the government building with the state archive are listed as heritage sites of national significance.[3]

Together with other Alpine towns Herisau engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Herisau was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2003.

History
Aerial view from 300 m by Walter Mittelholzer (1920)

Herisau was first mentioned in 837 as Herinisauva,[4] and its church is mentioned in 907. In 1084 Herisau was destroyed as part of battles around the monastery in St. Gallen. In 1248 and 1249 the town was destroyed again, this time by the monastery to establish loyalty. In 1401 Herisau joined an alliance with other places in Appenzell as part of the Appenzell Wars.

Between 1517 and 1518 Herisau managed to buy itself free from the monastery. The town hall was built in 1601. In 1606 the town was largely destroyed by a fire. In 1648 Schwellbrunn separated and became an independent village. Between 1798 and 1803 Herisau was the capital of the canton Säntis.

Geography

Herisau has an area, as of 2006, of 25.2 km2 (9.7 sq mi). Of this area, 56.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while 27.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 15.5% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (0.6%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).[5]

The municipality is located in the former District of Hinterland. It is located at the crossing point of two major routes through the region, the St. Gallen-Toggenburg road and the Gossau-Appenzell road. In addition to being the capital of the half canton, about one-third of the population of the entire half canton lives in Herisau.[4] It consists of the village of Herisau and scattered hamlets as well as bedroom communities and industrial sections. Before 1648 it controlled about twice the land area as is currently part of the municipality. Until 1648 Schwellbrunn was part of the municipality and until 1720, Waldstatt was part of Herisau.

Demographics

Herisau has a population (as of 2008) of 15,527, of which about 17.9% are foreign nationals.[6] Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -5.2%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (87.0%), with Serbo-Croatian being second most common ( 3.8%) and Italian being third ( 3.4%).[5]

As of 2000, the gender distribution of the population was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.[7] The age distribution, as of 2000, in Herisau is; 1,194 people or 7.5% of the population are between 0–6 years old. 1,775 people or 11.2% are 6-15, and 835 people or 5.3% are 16–19. Of the adult population, 945 people or 6.0% of the population are between 20–24 years old. 4,760 people or 30.0% are 25–44, and 3,831 people or 24.1% are 45–64. The senior population distribution is 1,702 people or 10.7% of the population are between 65–79 years old, and 840 people or 5.3% are over 80.[7]

In the 2007 federal election the FDP received 76.7% of the vote.[5]

The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Herisau about 66.2% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[5]

Historical population
Herisau about 1900

The historical population is given in the following table:[4]

year population Swiss Citizens % German Speaking % Protestant % Roman Catholic
16673,021
17344,816
17805,933
18136,863
18307,014
18508,3878,18997.1%2.9%
18709,7059,48192.9%6.2%
188812,93712,08298.9%87.7%12.0%
190013,49712,42698.1%84.9%14.7%
191015,33613,55095.0%81.4%18.0%
193013,59912,78498.4%82.8%16.6%
195013,40712,81997.6%80.6%18.6%
197014,59712,12886.0%66.3%31.3%
199015,62412,73184.6%55.3%34.1%
200015,88212,53587.0%48.3%32.1%

Weather

Herisau has an average of 154 days of rain per year and on average receives 1,413 mm (55.6 in) of precipitation. The wettest month is July during which time Herisau receives an average of 167 mm (6.6 in) of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 13.9 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is May, with an average of 15.3, but with only 142 mm (5.6 in) of precipitation. The driest month of the year is February with an average of 82 mm (3.2 in) of precipitation over 13.9 days.[8]

Economy

Herisau is located in the centre of eastern Switzerland. As early as 1537 it established itself as an important centre of trade and commerce.

Herisau has an unemployment rate of 2.01%. As of 2005, there were 340 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 115 businesses involved in this sector. 2,959 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 189 businesses in this sector. 4,505 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 651 businesses in this sector.[5]

Sport

SC Herisau plays in the Swiss 1. Liga.

Notable residents
Johannes Zollikofer, 1691
Markus Zuercher, 2009
Sport
gollark: We can only measure it from consumer preferences, and (since people would lie if you directly *asked* about their willingness to pay for various things for various reasons), short of orbital mind-reading lasers, the only useful way to do this is observing markets.
gollark: Value isn't an objective thing like mass or charge or whatever, however.
gollark: Intrinsic value is a lie, actually.
gollark: Practical stuff is fair, but you can also talk to people via the internet, as we are doing.
gollark: But the internet basically offers that anyway, if not the shiny credentials.

See also

References
  1. "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  2. "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  3. Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance (1995), p. 55.
  4. Herisau in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  5. Swiss Federal Statistical Office Archived 2016-01-05 at the Wayback Machine accessed 15-Sep-2009
  6. Brief Statistics for the half-canton Archived 2011-06-12 at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 15 September 2009
  7. Appenzell Outer Rhodes website Archived 2009-09-13 at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 15 September 2009
  8. "Temperature and Precipitation Average Values-Table, 1961-1990" (in German, French, and Italian). Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology - MeteoSwiss. Archived from the original on 27 June 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2009., the weather station elevation is 700 meters above sea level.
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