Guilford, Baltimore

Guilford is a prominent and historic neighborhood located in the northern part of Baltimore, Maryland. It is bounded on the south by University Parkway, on the west by North Charles Street, Warrenton and Linkwood Roads, on the north by Cold Spring Lane and on the east by York Road. The neighborhood is adjacent to the neighborhoods of Tuscany-Canterbury, Loyola-Notre Dame, Kernewood, Wilson Park, Pen Lucy, Waverly Oakenshawe, Charles Village, and the universities of Johns Hopkins and Loyola University Maryland. The neighborhood was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Guilford Historic District
Homes in Guilford
LocationRoughly bounded by N. Charles St., Warrenton Rd., Linkwood Rd., Cold Spring Ln., York Rd., Southway, University Parkway, and Bishops Rd., Baltimore, Maryland
Coordinates39°20′31″N 76°37′00″W
Area210 acres (85 ha)
ArchitectMultiple
Architectural styleColonial Revival, Classical Revival, et al.
NRHP reference No.01000745[1]
Added to NRHPJuly 19, 2001

History

The first known resident of the area was General McDonald who fought for the Continental army during the Revolutionary War. The name Guilford was supposedly named after the Battle of Guilford Court House in North Carolina, in which McDonald was wounded.[2] His son William McDonald inherited his estate in 1850 and built the Guilford Mansion. In 1872 the property was purchased by Baltimore Sun founder, Arunah S. Abell, and would remain in his family for 35 years. In 1907 the property was purchased by the Guilford Park Company who wanted to develop the area into a sophisticated suburban neighborhood on the edge of expanding Baltimore.[3] In 1911 they consolidated with the Roland Park Company and together purchased 210 acres in North Baltimore. Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. was hired to do the landscape and street design.[2] He is responsible for giving the neighborhood its distinct curving streets and terrain. The plan included three parks, “Little Park,” “Stratford Green, and “Sunken Park. In 1939 a fourth park was created called “Guilford Gateways.”[2]

The company spared no expense on utilities, streets, drains and other infrastructure to create a modern and an attractive living destination for the Baltimore elite. The houses were designed by some of the most prominent Baltimore architects of the era, included Edward L. Palmer, Bayard Turnbull, John Russell Pope, W. D. Lamdin and Laurence Hall Fowler.[2] The houses were primarily built in brick or stone and were designed in the popular revival styles of the early 20th century. In 1913 the new neighborhood opened to much local praise. After the completed sales of all the houses in Guilford, the Company allocated the Guilford Association to maintain the integrity of the neighborhood. The Association upholds the covenants of the Deed and Agreement left by the Roland Park Company;[2][4] these included a racial covenant excluding African American property ownership until such covenants were deemed legally unenforceable.[5]

Residents of the neighborhood included artist Grace Turnbull, whose brother Bayard designed her house and studio, which still stands.[6]

gollark: That's nontrivial. The font isn't monospaced.
gollark: I should improve that feature, actually.
gollark: "Potato OS" can update adjacent signs. Maybe you have "Potato OS" computers.
gollark: Unless you need several tens of thousands of iron ingots.
gollark: You can also just do quarrying.

See also

List of Baltimore neighborhoods

References
  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. "Guilford's History". The Guilford Association, Inc. Retrieved 2014-01-20.
  3. Owens, Donna M. (April 12, 2013). "Guilford neighborhood marks 100th anniversary". The Sun. Retrieved January 21, 2014.
  4. Guilford National Register Committee, Ken Hart, and Dean R. Wagner (September 2000). "National Register of Historic Places Registration: Guilford Historic District" (PDF). Maryland Historical Trust. Retrieved 2016-03-01.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. The Roland Park Company (June 16, 1989). "Deed and Agreement between the Roland Park Company and Edward H. Bouton" (PDF). p. 15. Retrieved 2020-03-28.
  6. Group, Baltimore Sun Media. "Turnbull House [Pictures]". Retrieved 11 February 2017.
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