France–Italy border

The France–Italy border is the international boundary between France and Italy.

Cime de la Malédie
A marker on the French side of the border in Alpes-Maritimes
Following the Treaty of Paris, the end of the Saint-Nicolas plateau now delimits the border 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) below the Mont Cenis pass.
The Pont Saint-Ludovic / Ponte San Ludovico border crossing point between Menton, France and Ventimiglia, Italy

Features

The Franco-Italian border is 515 kilometres (320 mi) long,[1] in southeast France and northwest Italy. It begins at the west tripoint of France–Italy–Switzerland (45°55′23″N 07°02′40″E) at the top of Mont Dolent (3,820 m), in the French commune of Chamonix (department of Haute-Savoie), the Italian city of Courmayeur, (Aosta Valley), and the Swiss commune of Orsières (canton of Valais).

The boundary then follows a general direction towards south, to the Mediterranean, it reaches the sea at Menton in France and Ventimiglia in Italy. The border separates three regions (Aosta Valley, Piedmont, and Liguria) and four provinces of Italy (Aosta, Turin, Cuneo, and Imperia) from two regions (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) and five departments of France (Haute-Savoie, Savoie, Hautes-Alpes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, and Alpes-Maritimes).

Road crossings

The Franco-Italian border is mountainous. The points of paved road crossings between the two countries are, from north to south, quoted in this exhaustive list:

History

The border between the two countries dates back to that separating the Kingdom of Sardinia and France during the 19th century. In 1860, the Treaty of Turin links the Savoy and County of Nice to France; the border between the French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia was surveyed the following year.

At the conclusion of the Battle of France in World War II, Italy claimed and administered French territory under the terms of the armistice of 24 June 1940 (the Franco-Italian armistice signed at the Incisa villa near Rome) which were extended from 11 November 1942. The Germans occupied the Italian zone from 1943, and the territory was finally liberated by France in 1944. The border was then changed by the Treaty of Paris in 1947, when France acquired Tende, La Brigue, Mont Chaberton and the Lake of Mont Cenis.

In the 21st century, an ongoing issue to be resolved concerns the demarcation of the border at the top of Mont Blanc.[2]

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References
  1. Alpe No. 47, p. & 47 cards IGN 1993
  2. Directorate General for Europe, Ministry of Foreign Italian case describing its action programme for 2001, p. 5.
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