FLTK

Fast Light Toolkit (FLTK, pronounced fulltick)[3] is a cross-platform widget (graphical control element) library for graphical user interfaces (GUIs), developed by Bill Spitzak and others. Made to accommodate 3D graphics programming, it has an interface to OpenGL, but it is also suitable for general GUI programming.

FLTK
Initial release1998 (1998)
Stable release1.3.5 (March 3, 2019 (2019-03-03)[1]) [±]
Preview releaserelease-1.3.4-2 (December 22, 2019 (2019-12-22)) [±]
Repository
Written inC++
Operating systemUnix-like with X11, macOS, Microsoft Windows, AmigaOS 4
TypeUser interface library
LicenseGNU Lesser General Public License version 2 with an exception to allow static linking[2]
Websitewww.fltk.org

Using its own widget, drawing and event systems abstracted from the underlying system-dependent code, it allows for writing programs which look the same on all supported operating systems.

FLTK is free and open-source software, licensed under GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) with an added clause permitting static linking from applications with incompatible licenses.

In contrast to user interface libraries like GTK, Qt, and wxWidgets, FLTK uses a more lightweight design and restricts itself to GUI functionality. Because of this, the library is very small (the FLTK "Hello World" program is around 100 KiB), and is usually statically linked. It also avoids complex macros, separate code preprocessors, and use of some advanced C++ features: templates, exceptions, and run-time type information (RTTI) or, for FLTK 1.x, namespaces. Combined with the modest size of the package, this makes it relatively easy to learn for new users.[4]

These advantages come with corresponding disadvantages. FLTK offers fewer widgets than most GUI toolkits and, because of its use of non-native widgets, does not have native look-and-feel on any platform.

Meaning of the name

FLTK was originally designed to be compatible with the Forms Library written for Silicon Graphics (SGI) machines (a derivative of this library called XForms is still used quite often). In that library, all functions and structures start with fl_. This naming was extended to all new methods and widgets in the C++ library, and this prefix FL was taken as the name of the library. After FL was released as open source, it was discovered that searching "FL" on the Internet was a problem, because it is also the abbreviation for Florida. After much debating and searching for a new name for the toolkit, which was already in use by several people, Bill Spitzak came up with Fast Light Tool Kit (FLTK).[5]

Architecture

FLTK is an object-oriented widget toolkit written in the programming language C++. While GTK is mainly for the X Window System, FLTK works on other platforms, including Microsoft Windows (interfaced with the Windows API), and OS X (interfaced with Quartz). A Wayland back-end is being discussed.[6] FLTK2 has gained experimental support for optionally using the cairo graphics library.

Language bindings

A library written in one programming language may be used in another language if language bindings are written. FLTK has a range of bindings for various languages.[7]

FLTK was mainly designed for, and is written in, the programming language C++. However, bindings exist for other languages, for example Lua,[8] Perl,[9] Python,[10] Ruby,[11] Rust[12] and Tcl.[13]

For FLTK 1.x, this example creates a window with an Okay button:

#include <FL/Fl.H>
#include <FL/Fl_Window.H>
#include <FL/Fl_Button.H>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   Fl_Window* w = new Fl_Window(330, 190);
   new Fl_Button(110, 130, 100, 35, "Okay");
   w->end();
   w->show(argc, argv);
   return Fl::run();
}

GUI designers

FLTK includes Fast Light User Interface Designer (FLUID), a graphical GUI designer that generates C++ source and header files.

Use

Many programs and projects use FLTK, including:

  • Nanolinux, 14 MB Linux distribution[14][15][16][17][18][19]
  • XFDOS, a FreeDOS-based distribution with a GUI, porting Nano-X and FLTK[20][21][22][23]
  • Agenda VR3, a Linux-based personal digital assistant with software based on FLTK.
    • third-party Agenda VR3 software
  • Amnesia: The Dark Descent, by Frictional Games uses FLTK as its launcher application
  • MwendanoWD, Logic puzzle for personal computer by YPH.[24]
  • Audio:
  • DiSTI GL Studio, human-machine interface development tool[27]
  • Engineering:
    • ForcePAD, an intuitive tool to visualise the behavior of structures subject to loading and boundary conditions[28]
    • Gmsh, an open-source finite element mesh generator
    • RoboCIM, software to simulate and control operation of a servo robot system and external devices[29]
  • Equinox Desktop Environment (EDE)
  • FlBurn optical disc burning software for Linux[30]
  • Graphics:
    • Avimator, a Biovision Hierarchy (BVH) editor
    • CinePaint, deep-paint software, migrating from GTK to FLTK, open-source
    • ITK-SNAP, software application for medical image segmentation, open-source
    • Nuke, a digital compositing program. Until version 5, now replaced by Qt
    • Open Movie Editor[31]
    • OpenVSP, NASA parametric aircraft sketching, recently open-sourced[32]
    • PosteRazor, open-source poster printing software for Windows, OS X, Linux[33]
  • SmallBASIC, Windows port
  • Web browsers:
    • Dillo, Dillo-2 was based on FLTK-2, abandoning this FLTK branch, with no official release, was a major cause of Dillo-3 being started, using FLTK1.3
    • Fifth, replicates functioning of early Opera[34]
    • NetRider[35]
  • X window managers:

Versions

This version history is an example of the sometimes tumultuous nature of open-source development.[36]

1.0.x

This is a prior stable version, now unmaintained.

1.1.x

This is a prior stable version, now unmaintained.

2.0 branch

This was a development branch, long thought to be the next step in FLTK's evolution, with many new features and a cleaner programming style. It never achieved stability, and development has largely ceased. The branch is inactive now.

1.2.x

This was an attempt to take some of the best features of 2.0 and merge them back into the more popular 1.1 branch. It is no longer developed.

1.3.x

Current stable release.[37] Provides UTF-8 support.

1.4.x

Current development branch. Adds more features to 1.3.[38]

3.0 branch

This branch is mostly a conceptual model for future work. Now inactive.

gollark: https://cdn.substack.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c11548e-fdaa-41e6-8613-92199ef7dec5_1023x577.png
gollark: https://images-ext-2.discordapp.net/external/ipOgLS05v7Yg1eDrnWrXSBuhTcCFef4Tqz6pBIhw1gE/https/www.qwantz.com/comics/comic2-4015.png
gollark: There we go.
gollark: Maybe I need `reshape` somehow.
gollark: It makes some array operationoids really easy and some really incredibly hard.

See also

References
  1. https://www.fltk.org/articles.php?L1635
  2. "FLTK License Agreement".
  3. "FLTK home".
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-05-18. Retrieved 2015-05-13.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. https://www.fltk.org/articles.php?L363+I0+TFAQ+P1+Q
  6. "STR #3371: Wayland Display Server Protocol support - Fast Light Toolkit (FLTK)". www.fltk.org. Retrieved 2020-08-06.
  7. "GTK Language Bindings".
  8. "murgaLua homepage".
  9. https://www.fltk.org/wiki.php?LC+P139+TC+Q
  10. "pyFLTK homepage".
  11. "Ruby/FLTK homepage".
  12. "crate FLTK's documentation".
  13. "Tcl/Fltk homepage".
  14. "Nanolinux Official Website".
  15. https://eerielinux.wordpress.com/2014/11/30/tiny-to-the-extreme-nanolinux/
  16. https://eerielinux.wordpress.com/2014/12/30/an-interview-with-the-nanolinux-developer/
  17. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1999-04-20. Retrieved 2019-08-15.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. http://sites.utoronto.ca/webdocs/HTMLdocs/PCTOOLS/pc_editors.html
  19. http://www.georgpotthast.de/
  20. https://eerielinux.wordpress.com/2012/10/12/an-extraordinary-tk-example/
  21. https://eerielinux.wordpress.com/2014/12/30/an-interview-with-the-nanolinux-developer/
  22. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1999-04-20. Retrieved 2019-08-15.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  23. http://www.georgpotthast.de/
  24. YPH
  25. "Giada, hardcore loopmachine". Archived from the original on 2011-09-25. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  26. Prodatum
  27. DiSTI GL Studio
  28. ForcePAD
  29. RoboCIM - Robotics software
  30. FlBurn
  31. Open Movie Editor
  32. OpenVSP
  33. PosteRazor
  34. Fifth browser
  35. NetRider
  36. "What are the Versions of FLTK?". Retrieved 2010-07-23.
  37. https://www.fltk.org/articles.php?L825 Taken 5 March 2017.
  38. https://www.fltk.org/articles.php?L825 Taken 5 March 2017.


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