Ernst Biberstein

Ernst Emil Heinrich Biberstein (or Bieberstein) (15 February 1899, Hilchenbach – 8 December 1986) was an SS-Obersturmbannführer (Lieutenant Colonel), member of the SD and commanding officer of Einsatzkommando 6. He was born Ernst Schzymanowski or Szymanowski.

Ernst Biberstein
Ernst Biberstein at the Nuremberg Trials
Born(1899-02-15)15 February 1899
Hilchenbach, Province of Westphalia
Died8 December 1986(1986-12-08) (aged 87)
Neumünster
Allegiance German Empire
 Nazi Germany
Service/branch Schutzstaffel (SS)
Years of service1917-1919, 1936 – 1945
RankObersturmbannführer
Commands heldEinsatzkommando 6

Early life

Ernst Biberstein was born Ernst Szymanowski in Hilchenbach, Province of Westphalia. His early education was at Mülheim. He was a private in World War I from March 1917 to 1919. Upon discharge, he studied theology from March 1919 through 1921 and became a Protestant pastor on 28 December 1924. In 1935 he entered the Reichskirchenministerium and was later transferred to the Reichssicherheitshauptamt.

Nazism

Biberstein joined the Nazi party in 1926 and the SS on 13 September 1936 (membership number 272692). From March through October 1940 he was again a soldier. In 1941, he changed his name from Szymanowski to Biberstein. After the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, he was assigned command of Einsatzkommando 6 in June 1942.

Nuremberg and later life

Biberstein was a defendant at the Einsatzgruppen Trial during the Nuremberg Trials. His trial began in September 1947 and ended on 9 April 1948. At his arraignment, along with all other defendants, he pleaded not guilty on all charges. Einsatzkommando 6 was charged with having executed some two to three thousand people. It was brought to light that at Rostow, Biberstein had personally supervised the execution of some 50 to 60 people. The victims were stripped of valuable articles (and partially of clothes), gassed, and left in a mass grave. He was also present at executions where victims were made to kneel at the edge of a pit and killed with a submachine gun.

Biberstein was ultimately found guilty and sentenced to death by hanging. His sentenced was reviewed by the "Peck Panel", and later commuted to life imprisonment in 1951. He was released in 1958 and temporarily returned to the clergy. He died in 1986 in Neumünster.

In media

Biberstein was portrayed in the 1978 NBC Holocaust television miniseries by Edward Hardwicke.

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