Eliza Doolittle

Eliza Doolittle is a fictional character and the protagonist in George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion (1913) and its 1956 musical adaptation, My Fair Lady.

For other uses, see Eliza Doolittle (disambiguation).
Eliza Doolittle
Pygmalion character
Julie Andrews as Eliza Doolittle meets Rex Harrison as Professor Henry Higgins in the 1956 musical adaptation of Pygmalion, My Fair Lady
First appearancePygmalion
Created byGeorge Bernard Shaw
Portrayed byMrs Patrick Campbell
In-universe information
AliasLiza
Nickname"The Flower Girl" (Act I)
GenderFemale
OccupationFlower girl
FamilyAlfred P. Dolittle (father)
SpouseFreddy Eynsford-Hill
NationalityEnglish
Audrey Hepburn as Eliza Doolittle on the set of the 1964 movie musical My Fair Lady.

Eliza (from Lisson Grove, London) is a Cockney flower girl, who comes to Professor Henry Higgins asking for elocution lessons, after a chance encounter at Covent Garden. Higgins goes along with it for the purposes of a wager: That he can turn her into the toast of elite London society. Her Cockney dialect includes words that are common among working class Londoners, such as ain't; "I ain't done nothing wrong by speaking to the gentleman" said Doolittle.[1]

Doolittle receives voice coaching and learns the rules of etiquette. The outcome of these attentions varies between the original play and the various adaptations (see the Pygmalion article).

History

The part of Eliza was originally played by Mrs Patrick Campbell, at that time the most famous actress on London's West End stage. Shaw had written the role for her, and although many considered her too old for the role she triumphed.[2] The unprecedented use of the word "bloody" - as a scripted intensive - caused a sensation when Campbell delivered it.

For the 1938 film Pygmalion, George Bernard Shaw personally requested the young English actress Wendy Hiller play Doolittle, a part she had previously played on stage opposite Leslie Howard as Higgins. Her performance served as the definitive film portrayal until Audrey Hepburn played the role in the highly successful 1964 film musical My Fair Lady.

Julie Andrews originated the musical version of Doolittle on stage in My Fair Lady, with Rex Harrison as Higgins. Sally Ann Howes took the role of Eliza Doolittle in 1958 when Julie Andrews left. Harrison went on to reprise his role in the 1964 film alongside Audrey Hepburn as Doolittle. At the 37th Academy Awards, the award for Best Actress went to Andrews for her performance as Mary Poppins. Hepburn was not nominated. Despite this, many critics greatly applauded Hepburn's "exquisite" performance.[3] "The happiest thing about [My Fair Lady]", wrote Bosley Crowther, "is that Audrey Hepburn superbly justifies the decision of Jack Warner to get her to play the title role."[4] Her co-star Rex Harrison, also called Hepburn his favourite leading lady and Gene Ringgold of Soundstage also commented that "Audrey Hepburn is magnificent. She is Eliza for the ages,"[5] while adding, "Everyone agreed that if Julie Andrews was not to be in the film, Audrey Hepburn was the perfect choice."[5]

Martine McCutcheon played the role in the 2001 London revival of My Fair Lady. Despite missing many performances (citing health problems), having to have various understudies perform the role and withdrawing nearly five months early from the production's transfer to the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, she won the award for best actress in a musical at the 2002 Laurence Olivier Awards. One of the understudies was then-unknown "First Lady of the West End" Kerry Ellis.

Lauren Ambrose played the role in the 2018 Lincoln Center Theater revival of My Fair Lady on Broadway, a performance for which she was nominated for the 2018 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical and won the 2018 Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Actress in a Musical. Kirsten Anderson has been Ambrose's alternate, performing the role once a week. Laura Benanti replaced Ambrose in October 2018 to perform the role through July 2019.

Eliza Doolittle Day

A song from My Fair Lady, titled "Just You Wait", sung by Eliza, includes this passage:

One day I’ll be famous! I’ll be proper and prim;
Go to St. James so often I will call it St. Jim!
One evening the king will say:
'Oh, Liza, old thing,
I want all of England your praises to sing.
Next week on the twentieth of May
I proclaim ‘Liza Doolittle Day!'[6]

Fans of My Fair Lady have, ever after, been fond of making an informal observance of Eliza Doolittle Day each May 20.[7][8][9]

gollark: If you have multiple mainboards you *also* have two separate computers.
gollark: They're effectively separate computers linked over PCIe.
gollark: They also *do not work* as things which magically add extra cores to the CPU you have installed.
gollark: I think there was some similar product which used mobile CPUs, but this one uses some xeons.
gollark: Ah, they called them "visual compute accelerators" or something.

See also
  • ELIZA, an artificial intelligence program named after the character

References
  1. Shaw, George Bernard. "Pygmalion/Act I". Retrieved 19 June 2016 – via Wikisource.
  2. Huggett, Richard (1969). The Truth About Pygmalion. p. 20-27. Random House.
  3. Audrey Hepburn Obituary. Telegraph
  4. "My Fair Lady (1964) Screen: Lots of Chocolates for Miss Eliza Doolittle:'My Fair Lady' Bows at the Criterion". NY Times
  5. Ringgold, Gene. "My Fair Lady – the finest of them all!", Soundstage, December 1964
  6. Just You Wait lyrics from My Fair Lady
  7. PlayBill
  8. NPR
  9. On This Day
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