Elections in Guatemala

Elections in Guatemala include, on the national level, a head of state – the president – and a unicameral legislature. Guatemala's president and vice-president are elected on one ballot for a four-year term by the people.

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The Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la República) has 158 members, elected for a four-year term, partially in multi-member departmental constituencies and partially by proportional representation both using the D'Hondt method.

Guatemala also elects deputies to the supranational Central American Parliament.

Political culture
Further information: List of political parties in Guatemala

Political parties in Guatemala are generally numerous and unstable. No party has won the presidency more than once. In every election period the majority of the parties are small and newly formed.

Schedule

Election
Position20152016201720182019
Type Presidential (September)
National Congress (September)
Gubernatorial (September)		NonePresidential (June)
National Congress (June)
Gubernatorial (June)
President and
vice president		 President and vice presidentNonePresident and vice president
National Congress All seatsNoneAll seats
Provinces, cities and municipalities All positionsNoneAll positions

Inauguration
Position20162017201820192020
Type Presidential (January)
National Congress (January)
Gubernatorial (January)		NonePresidential (January)
National Congress (January)
Gubernatorial (January)
President and
vice president		 14 JanuaryNone14 January
National Congress 14 JanuaryNone14 January
Provinces, cities and municipalities 15 JanuaryNone15 January

Last elections
Main article: 2011 Guatemalan general election
 Summary of the 11 September and 6 November 2011 Guatemalan presidential election result
Candidates — Parties 1st round 2nd round
Votes % Votes %
Otto Pérez Molina — Patriotic Party (PP) 1,611,493 36.01% 2,300,979 53.74%
Manuel Baldizón — Renewed Democratic Liberty (LIDER) 1,038,287 23.20% 1,981,003 46.26%
Eduardo Suger — Commitment, Renovation and Order (CREO) 732,842 16.38%
Mario Estrada — National Change Union (UCN) 383,643 8.57%
Harold Caballeros — Vision with Values (VIVA) & Encounter for Guatemala (EG) 275,475 6.16%
Rigoberta Menchú — Broad Left Front— Winaq,
Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (URNG-MAIZ) & New Nation Alternative (ANN)		 146,353 3.27%
Juan Gutiérrez — National Advancement Party (PAN) 123,648 2.76%
Patricia de Arzú — Unionist Party (PU) 97,381 2.18%
Alejandro Giammattei — Social Action Centre (CASA) 46,395 1.04%
Adela Camacho de Torrebiarte — Action of National Development (ADN) 19,038 0.43%
Valid votes 4,474,555 100.00% 4,281,982 100.00%
Blank votes 398,962 58,202
Invalid votes 219,713 124,934
Total votes (voter turnout: 69.38% / 60.83%) 5,093,230 4,465,118
Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral[1]

Second round[2]

 Summary of the 11 September 2011 Congress of the Republic of Guatemala election results
Parties and alliances Votes % +/– Seats +/–
Patriotic Party (Partido Patriota, PP) 1,171,337 26.62% +10.71 56 +26
National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza, UNE)
Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional, GANA)		 993,198 22.57% –16.571 48 –372
National Change Union (Union del Cambio Nacional, UCN) 417,935 9.50% +5.44 14 +10
Renewed Democratic Liberty (Libertad Democrática Renovada, LIDER) 390,319 8.87% +8.87 14 +14
Commitment, Renewal and Order (Compromiso, Renovación y Orden, CREO) 381,652 8.67% +8.67 12 +12
Vision with Values (Visión con Valores, VIVA)
Encounter for Guatemala (Encuentro por Guatemala, EG)		 346,557 7.87% +1.703 6 +23
Winaq
Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity — Broad Left Movement
(Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca — Movimiento Amplio de Izquierda, URNG–MAIZ)
Alternative New Nation (Alternativa Nueva Nación, ANN)		 141,938 3.23% –1.394 3 +15
National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional, PAN) 137,390 3.12% –1.46 2 –2
Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco, FRG) 120,455 2.74% –7.06 1 –14
Unionist Party (Partido Unionista, PU) 118,788 2.70% –3.40 1 –7
style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" Victory (VICTORIA) 71,501 1.62% +1.62 1 +1
Social Action Centre (Centro de Acción Social, CASA) 47,390 1.08% –3.81 – –5
National Development Action (Acción de Desarrollo Nacional, ADN) 39,251 0.89% +0.89 – ±0
National Convergence Front (Frente de Convergencia Nacional, FCN) 23,272 0.53% +0.53 – ±0
Valid votes 4,400,983 100.00 — 158 —
Blank votes 351,659
Invalid votes 337,388
Total votes (turnout 69.34%) 5,090,030
Source: Supreme Electoral Tribunal of Guatemala (TSE)
2 2007: UNE – 48 seats; GANA – 37 seats.
3 2007: only Encounter for Guatemala.
4 2007: URNG-MAIZ and ANN as two separate parties.
5 2007: only URNG-MAIZ.

2007 general election
Main article: 2007 Guatemalan general election
 Summary of the 9 September and 4 November 2007 Guatemalan presidential election results
Candidates — Parties 1st round 2nd round
Votes % Votes %
Álvaro Colom — National Unity of Hope (UNE) 926,244 28.23% 1,449,153 52.82%
Otto Pérez Molina — Patriotic Party (PP) 771,175 23.51% 1,294,645 47.18%
Alejandro Giammattei — Grand National Alliance (GANA) 565,270 17.23%
Eduardo Suger — Social Action Centre (CASA) 244,448 7.45%
Luis Rabbé — Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG) 239,208 7.29%
Mario Estrada — National Change Union (UCN) 103,603 3.16%
Rigoberta Menchú — Encounter for Guatemala (EG) 101,316 3.09%
Fritz García Gallont — Unionist Party (PU) 95,743 2.92%
Óscar Castañeda — National Advancement Party (PAN) 83,826 2.56%
Miguel Ángel Sandoval — Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity–MAIZE (URNG–MAIZ) 70,080 2.14%
Manuel Conde Orellana — Democratic Union (UD) 24,971 0.76%
Pablo Monsanto — New Nation Alliance (ANN) 19,377 0.59%
Héctor Rosales — Authentic Integral Development (DIA) 18,819 0.57%
Vinicio Cerezo Blandón — Guatemalan Christian Democracy (DCG) 16,529 0.50%
Valid votes (turnout 60.5%/48.3%) 3,280,609 100.0% 2,743,798 100.0%
Blank votes 132,983 50,601
Invalid votes 208,260 101,214
Total votes 3,621,852 2,895,613
Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral
 Summary of the 9 September 2007 Congress of the Republic of Guatemala election results
Parties and alliances Votes % +/– Seats +/–
National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza, UNE) 721,988 22.81% +4.4% 48 +16
Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional, GANA) 522,480 16.51% –7.8%1 37 –101
Patriotic Party (Partido Patriota, PP) 503,442 15.91% +15.9%1 30 +301
Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco, FRG) 310,038 9.80% –9.9% 15 –28
Encounter for Guatemala (Encuentro por Guatemala, EG) 195,151 6.17% +6.17% 4 +4
Unionist Party (Partido Unionista, PU) 192,983 6.10% +0.7% 8 +1
Social Action Centre (Centro de Acción Social, CASA) 154,718 4.89% +4.9% 5 +5
National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional, PAN) 144,910 4.58% –6.3% 4 –13
National Change Union (Union del Cambio Nacional, UCN) 128,593 4.06% +4.1% 4 +4
Guatemalan National Revolucionary Unity–MAIZE
(Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca–MAIZ, URNG–MAIZ)		 103,480 3.27% –0.9% 2 ±0
Authentic Integral Development (Desarrollo Integral Auténtico, DIA) 45,142 1.43% –1.6% — –1
Democratic Union (Unión Democrática, UD) 44,488 1.41% –0.8% 1 –1
New National Alliance (Alianza Nueva Nación, ANN) 42,790 1.35% –3.5% — –6
Front for Democracy (Frente por la Democracia, EL FRENTE) 28,798 0.91% +0.9% — ±0
Guatemalan Christian Democracy (Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca, DCG) 26,190 0.83% –2.4% — –1
Valid votes (turnout 60.5%) 3,165,191 100.0 — 158 —
Blank votes 212,615
Invalid votes 244,082
Total votes 3,621,888
Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral and Prensa Libre

1 In the 2003 election, the Patriotic Party was part of the Grand National Alliance, which has since become a party.

2003 general election
Main article: 2003 Guatemalan general election

2003 Presidential election
 Summary of the 9 November and 28 December 2003 Guatemala presidential election results
Candidates — Parties 1st round 2nd round
Votes % Votes %
Óscar Berger Perdomo - Grand National Alliance 921,233 34.3 1,235,303 54.1
Álvaro Colom Caballeros - National Unity of Hope 707,578 26.4 1,046,868 45.9
Efraín Ríos Montt - Guatemalan Republican Front 518,328 19.3
Leonel López Rodas - National Advancement Party 224,127 8.4
Fritz García-Gallont Bischof - Unionist Party 80,943 3.0
Rodrigo Asturias - Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity 69,297 2.6
Eduardo Suger - Authentic Integral Development 59,774 2.2
Jacobo Arbenz Vilanova - Guatemalan Christian Democracy 42,186 1.6
José Angel Lee - Social Participative Democracy 37,505 1.4
Fransisco Arredondo Mendoza - National Union 11,979 0.4
Manuel Conde Orellana - Social and Political Movement National Change 10,829 0.4
Total (turnout 45.8 %) 2,937,169 100.0 2,282,171 100.0
Valid votes 2,683,779 2,190,873
Blank votes 114,004 24,192
Void/Spoilt/invalid 139,384 67,106
Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral

2003 Parliamentary election
 Summary of the 9 November 2003 Congress of the Republic of Guatemala election results
Parties and alliances Votes % Seats
Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional) 620,121 24.3 47
Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco) 502,470 19.7 43
National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza) 457,308 18.4 32
National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional) 278,393 10.9 17
Unionist Party (Partido Unionista) 138,713 5.4 7
New National Alliance (Alianza Nueva Nación) 123,853 4.9 6
Guatemalan National Revolucionary Unity (Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca) 107,276 4.2 2
Guatemalan Christian Democracy (Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca) 82,324 3.2 1
Authentic Integral Development (Desarrollo Integral Auténtico) 75,295 3.0 1
Democratic Union (Unión Democrática) 55,793 2.2 2
Social Participative Democracy (Democracia Social Participativa) 28,425 1.1 -
Transparency (Transparencia) 27,740 1.1 -
Total (turnout 57.8 %) 2,552,374 100.0 158
Invalid and blank votes 446,491
Registered voters 5,073,282
Source: Supreme Electoral Tribunal
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See also

References
  1. Tribunal Supremo Electoral (27-09-2011) Acuerdo No. 1319-2011 - Resultados oficiales. Consulted: 2011-09-29.
  2. Tribunal Supremo Electoral. (01/12/2011) Segunda Elección Presidencial. Resultados preliminares. Consulted: 2011-12-01
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