Delfim Moreira

Delfim Moreira da Costa Ribeiro (Portuguese: [dewˈfim moˈrejrɐ da ˈkɔstɐ riˈbejru]; 7 November 1868 – 1 July 1920) was a Brazilian politician who served as tenth President of Brazil.

This name uses Portuguese naming customs: the first or maternal family name is Moreira and the second or paternal family name is Costa Ribeiro.

This article is about the Brazilian president. For the Brazilian city in Minas Gerais state, see Delfim Moreira, Minas Gerais. For the Portuguese long-distance runner, see Delfim Moreira (athlete).

His Excellency Delfim Moreira
President of Brazil
In office 15 November 1918 – 28 July 1919
Preceded by	Venceslau Brás
Succeeded by	Epitácio Pessoa
Vice President of Brazil
In office 28 July 1919 – 1 July 1920
President	Epitácio Pessoa
Preceded by	Urbano Santos
Succeeded by	Bueno de Paiva
Personal details
Born	(1868-11-07)7 November 1868 Cristina, Minas Gerais, Empire of Brazil
Died	1 July 1920(1920-07-01) (aged 51) Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Nationality	Brazilian
Political party	PRM
Signature
Other offices held 1914–1918: President of Minas Gerais 1910–1914: Secretary of the Interior, Minas Gerais 1909–1911: Federal Deputy for Minas Gerais 1907–1909: State Senator, Minas Gerais 1902–1906: Secretary of the Interior, Minas Gerais

Biography

He was born in Minas Gerais state to a Portuguese father and to a Portuguese Brazilian mother who traced her ancestry back to the early settlers of Brazil.[1]

Delfim Moreira, elected vice president under Rodrigues Alves in 1918, provisionally ruled the country as the Brazilian Constitution provided for new elections in case of disability of the President before completing two years in office. Rodrigues Alves never even entered office, for he was stricken by the "Spanish flu" and died on 16 January 1919. Delfim Moreira himself also did not have good health, suffering from some psychological conditions, therefore his short tenure was known as "the republican regency" since the government Minister of Transportation and Public Works, Afrânio de Melo Franco, stood out in the president's decision-making.

Three days after the new government took over the country, a general strike hit the capital and the city of Niterói. The president ordered the closure of unions in Rio de Janeiro, on 22 November.

On 21 June 1919, a dissident faction of the anarchists founded the Brazilian Communist Party. Four months later, the government expelled from the country about a hundred of them, mostly foreigners, who worked in the workers movement of the cities of São Paulo, Santos, Rio de Janeiro and Niterói, due to the discovery of an alleged plot aimed at overthrowing the government.

When Epitácio Pessoa assumed headship of the government, Moreira became his Vice President. As Vice President, he also served as the President of the Senate.[2] He died in the city of Santa Rita do Sapucaí, on 1 July 1920. He was succeeded by Bueno de Paiva.

Venceslau Brás declares war against the Central Powers in October, 1917. At his side, the former president and then Minister of Foreign Affairs, Nilo Peçanha, and the president of Minas Gerais and future president of the Republic, Delfim Moreira.

President Delfim Moreira picture from the National Archive of Brazil

See also

• List of Presidents of Brazil

References

1. http://www.buratto.net/doria/AntasMoraes.pdf
2. "República Velha (1889 - 1930) - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br.

• Biography and Presidency of Delfim Moreira

Political offices
Preceded by Venceslau Brás	President of Brazil 1918–1919	Succeeded by Epitácio Pessoa
Preceded by Urbano Santos	Vice President of Brazil 1918–1920	Succeeded by Bueno de Paiva
Preceded by Bueno Brandão	Governor of Minas Gerais 1914–1918	Succeeded by Artur Bernardes