Cruzipain

Cruzipain is a cysteine protease expressed by Trypanosoma cruzi.[1]

Cruzipain
Identifiers
EC number3.4.22.51
CAS number141588-22-9
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum

It is classified under EC 3.4.22.51.

Cruzipain is a sulfated glycoprotein which plays a role in the parasitic disease known as Chagas disease. It is found to aid the parasite in entering the host cell and in evading an immune response.[2]

Cruzipain can help parasites escape the response from the adaptive immune system by interfering with the functions of immunoglobulins from the immunoglobin G subclasses.[3] These immunoglobulins are bound to receptors[4] and cruzipain interacts with these immunoglobulins by cleaving their hinges.[3]

During smooth muscle cell invasion, cruzipain may mobilize vasoconstricting endothelin receptors, which may interfere with the vasoconstrictor's ability to cause the blood vessels to become narrower.[3]

Cruzipain aids in the process of breaking down host tissue and is prepared to signal the escape mechanism if it detects any response from the host's immune system.[5]

References

  1. Lalmanach G, Boulangé A, Serveau C, Lecaille F, Scharfstein J, Gauthier F, Authié E (May 2002). "Congopain from Trypanosoma congolense: drug target and vaccine candidate". Biological Chemistry. 383 (5): 739–49. doi:10.1515/BC.2002.077. PMID 12108538.
  2. Duschak VG, Couto AS (2009). "Cruzipain, the major cysteine protease of Trypanosoma cruzi: a sulfated glycoprotein antigen as relevant candidate for vaccine development and drug target. A review". Current Medicinal Chemistry. 16 (24): 3174–202. doi:10.2174/092986709788802971. PMID 19689291.
  3. Uehara LA, Moreira OC, Oliveira AC, Azambuja P, Lima AP, Britto C, et al. (December 2012). "Cruzipain promotes Trypanosoma cruzi adhesion to Rhodnius prolixus midgut". PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 6 (12): e1958. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001958. PMC 3521651. PMID 23272264.
  4. Vidarsson G, Dekkers G, Rispens T (2014-10-20). "IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions". Frontiers in Immunology. 5: 520. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00520. PMC 4202688. PMID 25368619.
  5. Larrieu E, Mujica G, Gauci CG, Vizcaychipi K, Seleiman M, Herrero E, et al. (2017-06-01). "Pilot Field Trial of the EG95 Vaccine Against Ovine Cystic Echinococcosis in Rio Negro, Argentina: Second Study of Impact". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 9 (10): e0004134. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004134. PMC 4627725. PMID 26517877.
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