CAPN9

Calpain-9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAPN9 gene.[5][6][7]

CAPN9
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ZIV, 2P0R
Identifiers
Aliases	CAPN9, GC36, nCL-4, calpain 9
External IDs	OMIM: 606401 MGI: 1920897 HomoloGene: 38208 GeneCards: CAPN9
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1q42.2 Start 230,747,384 bp[1] End 230,802,003 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 8 (mouse)[2] Band 8|8 E2 Start 124,576,111 bp[2] End 124,618,731 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • calcium ion binding • peptidase activity • cysteine-type peptidase activity • hydrolase activity • metal ion binding • calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity Cellular component • intracellular • cytoplasm • cellular component Biological process • digestion • proteolysis • sarcomere organization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10753	73647
Ensembl	ENSG00000135773	ENSMUSG00000031981
UniProt	O14815	Q9D805
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006615 NM_016452 NM_001319676	NM_023709
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001306605 NP_006606 NP_057536	NP_076198
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 230.75 – 230.8 Mb	Chr 8: 124.58 – 124.62 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Calpains are ubiquitous, well-conserved family of calcium-dependent, cysteine proteases. The calpain proteins are heterodimers consisting of an invariant small subunit and variable large subunits. The large subunit possesses a cysteine protease domain, and both subunits possess calcium-binding domains. Calpains have been implicated in neurodegenerative processes, as their activation can be triggered by calcium influx and oxidative stress. The protein encoded by this gene is expressed predominantly in stomach and small intestine and may have specialized functions in the digestive tract. This gene is thought to be associated with gastric cancer. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135773 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031981 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Lee HJ, Sorimachi H, Jeong SY, Ishiura S, Suzuki K (May 1998). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel tissue-specific calpain predominantly expressed in the digestive tract". Biol Chem. 379 (2): 175–184. doi:10.1515/bchm.1998.379.2.175. PMID 9524069.
6. Yoshikawa Y, Mukai H, Hino F, Asada K, Kato I (Jul 2000). "Isolation of two novel genes, down-regulated in gastric cancer". Jpn J Cancer Res. 91 (5): 459–63. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2000.tb00967.x. PMC 5926377. PMID 10835488.
7. "Entrez Gene: CAPN9 calpain 9".

Further reading

• Huang Y, Wang KK (2001). "The calpain family and human disease". Trends in Molecular Medicine. 7 (8): 355–362. doi:10.1016/S1471-4914(01)02049-4. PMID 11516996.
• Suzuki K, Sorimachi H, Yoshizawa T, et al. (1996). "Calpain: novel family members, activation, and physiologic function". Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler. 376 (9): 523–9. doi:10.1515/bchm3.1995.376.9.523. PMID 8561910.
• Davis TL, Walker JR, Finerty PJ, et al. (2007). "The crystal structures of human calpains 1 and 9 imply diverse mechanisms of action and auto-inhibition". J. Mol. Biol. 366 (1): 216–229. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.11.037. PMID 17157313.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–16903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Lee HJ, Tomioka S, Kinbara K, et al. (1999). "Characterization of a human digestive tract-specific calpain, nCL-4, expressed in the baculovirus system". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 362 (1): 22–31. doi:10.1006/abbi.1998.1021. PMID 9917325.

External links

• Human CAPN9 genome location and CAPN9 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: C02.006
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: O14815 (Human Calpain-9 (CAPN9)) at the PDBe-KB.