Communist Party of Turkestan

The Communist Party of Turkestan was the Turkestani branch of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). It was formed in June 1918. At the time of its formation, the party was joined by a large section of Jadids.[1]

Communist Party of Turkestan
LeaderNazir Turiakylov (1920-1922)
Abdulu Rahimbaev (1920-1921,1922)
Ferdinand Svetlov (1923-1924)
Founded1918
Dissolved1924
IdeologyCommunism
  • Elections

In the spring of 1919 the RCP(b) leadership stressed "particular care and attention" toward "the remnants of national feelings of the toiling masses of the oppressed or dependent nations." Thus the Muslim Bureau (Musbiuro) of the Territorial Committee of the Communist Party of Turkestan was formed. Turar Rïsqulov, a Kazakh from Awliya Ata, was elected as the Chairman of Musbiuro.[2][3]

In 1920 the 5th Territorial Congress of the Communist Party of Turkestan was held. The congress suggested that a unified Turkic Soviet Republic be formed, a demand that was later ignored by the RCP(b).[4]

In line with the line of attracting the Muslim masses to the party, the party employed different criteria on religious activities of Muslim and Orthodox members. In 1922, 1500 Russian Orthodox were purged from the Communist Party of Turkestan on the grounds of 'religious prejudice', but not a single Muslim.[1]

In 1924 the Communist Party of Turkestan was dissolved, as the boundaries of Soviet Central Asia were re-drawn.

Ethnic composition

As of 1922, the party membership was composed of:[5]

Number %
Russians 9,424 49.7
Kazakh/Kyrgyz 4,409 23.3
Uzbek 2,021 10.7
Turkmen 867 4.6
Tajik 421 2.2
Others (Tatar, Karakalpak, etc.) 1,803 9.5
Total 18,945
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References
  1. Crouch, Dave (Spring 2006). "The Bolsheviks and Islam". International Socialism. 2 (110). Retrieved 8 September 2018 – via marxists.de.
  2. Khalid, Adeeb (1998). The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform - Jadidism in Central Asia. Berkeley: University of California Press. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
  3. Lenin, V. I. (22 November 1919). "To the Communists of Turkestan". Retrieved 8 September 2018 – via marxists.org.
  4. Dilleen 2005, p. 152.
  5. Dilleen 2005, p. 162.

Works cited
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