Black Horse Tavern (Gettysburg, Pennsylvania)

The Black Horse Tavern (Bream's Tavern) is a large stone residence at the Pennsylvania Route 116 intersection with a north-south road at Marsh Creek. The tavern was used as for approximately 65 years[4] before 1909, the mill tract rented by William E. Myers was used as a Battle of Gettysburg field hospital.

Black Horse Tavern
Two-story former tavern with addition
Location83 Black Horse Tavern Road,[1] Cumberland Township
Coordinates39°49′08″N 77°17′00″W
Area0.5 acres (0.20 ha)
Built1812
NRHP reference No.78002331[2]
(GNIS ID #: 1203112)[3]
Added to NRHPMarch 30, 1978

History

Built in 1812[5] along the 1791 Nichol's Gap Road (c. 1869 Fairfield and Gettysburg Turnpike),[6] "Francis Bream purchased the farm and tavern in 1843." During the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg the intersection was a maneuver point for Confederate artillery[7] (the Hagerstown Road forded Marsh Creek).[8] A stone arch roadway bridge was subsequently built at the tavern[9] and in 1927, the highway near the structure was rerouted from over Bream's Hill to an excavation of the new Fairfield Road with a new bridge at "Plank's".[10]

External image
GettysburgDaily.com images
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References
  1. author tbd. "Searching for Black Horse Tavern" (tour guide webpage). GettysburgDaily.com. Retrieved 2012-01-01.
  2. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  3. "Black Horse Tavern (1203112)". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2012-01-01.
  4. Zacher, Susan M. (1977). "Black Horse Tavern" (National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form). National Historic Landmarks & National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania. Retrieved 2011-12-08. (also available at the Library of Congress: Cultural Resources Geographic Information System). Archived 2012-04-15 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Black Horse Tavern... (Report). Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record. HAER No. PA-114. Retrieved 2012-01-01.
  6. Beitel, Calvin Gustavus (1874). A Digest of Titles of Corporations Chartered by the Legislature... J. Campbell & son. Retrieved 2011-11-22 – via Internet Archive. Gettysburg.
  7. "The Fight at Gettysburg: The Confederate Assault on Cemetery Hill" (PDF). The New York Times (originally from the Louisville Courier-Journal). July 29, 1881. Retrieved 2012-01-01. At length there came an order to turn back [toward Cashtown on July 2] and take another road around by Black Horse Tavern, and [I] have never forgotten that name since. My general recollection is that nearly three hours were lost in that delay and countermarch, and that it was about 4 P. M. when Hood became engaged heavily (Confederate artillery commander Alexander)
  10. "County to Build Another Bridge" (Google News Archive). The Star and Sentinel. September 24, 1927. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
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