Baltic Air Policing

The Baltic air-policing mission is a NATO air defence Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) in order to guard the airspace over the three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

Baltic Air Policing
Royal Air Force Eurofighter Typhoon (bottom) escorts Russian Air Force Su-27 Flanker (top) over the Baltic in June 2014
Location	Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
Date	30 March 2004 – present
Executed by	NATO
Outcome	Ongoing

Mission

Ämari and Zokniai air bases in the Baltic states.

Within the Alliance, preserving airspace integrity is conducted as a collective task jointly and collectively using fighter aircraft for Air Policing. Air policing is a purely defensive mission. Since the 1970s, NATO has established a comprehensive system of air surveillance and airspace management means, as well as Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) assets for intercepts (QRA(I)) provided by its member nations. By means of radar sites, remote data transmission, Control and Reporting Centres (CRCs) and Combined Air Operations Centres (CAOCs) the Alliance ensures constant surveillance and control of its assigned airspace 24 hours a day and 365 days a year. NATO exploits these facilities to react within seconds to air traffic incidents in the Allies’ airspace. This structure of weapon systems, control centres and procedures is referred to as the NATO Integrated Air Defence System (NATINADS). NATINADS has been and remains one cornerstone of Alliance solidarity and cohesion. The responsible Allied Air Headquarters are at Izmir, Turkey and Ramstein, Germany. The dividing line is the Alps. The Headquarters Allied Air Command Ramstein’s air area of responsibility is divided in two Air Policing Areas (APAs):

• APA 1 is controlled by the CAOC Finderup,[1] Denmark (deactivated in 2013);
• APA 2 is controlled by the CAOC Uedem, Germany.

NATO members without their own Air Policing assets are assisted by other NATO members. Luxembourg is covered by interceptors from Belgium, while Slovenia and Albania are covered by Italian and Greek aircraft.[2]

Since March 2004, when the Baltic States joined NATO, the 24/7 task of policing the airspace of the Baltic States was conducted on a three-month rotation from Lithuania's First Air Force Base in Zokniai/Šiauliai International Airport, near the northern city of Šiauliai, and starting 2014 at the Ämari Air Base in Harju County, Estonia. Starting with the Turkish deployment, rotations changed to a four-month basis. Usual deployments consist of four fighter aircraft with between 50 and 100 support personnel.

To ensure Air Policing performance is conducted in a safe and professional way, adequate training was and still is required, as NATO member nations deploy their assets to Šiauliai Air Base, Lithuania, on a rotational basis. To standardize training across nations, Headquarters Allied Air Command Ramstein introduced a series of training events formerly called Baltic Region Training Events, now referred to as Ramstein Alloy to capitalize on experienced aircrews deployed to Šiauliai and to offer superior training for Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian air forces and control facilities.[3] The three host nations contributed €2.2 million in 2011 to cover the deployment expenses and are supposed to contribute €3.5 million yearly by 2015. In 2012, the Alliance allocated €7 million for Šiauliai airfield modernisation from the Security Investment Programme.[4]

Two French Mirage 2000s during a Baltic Air Policing deployment in 2010

Hungary performed the mission for the first time in 2015,[5] also Italy carried out the mission in January–April 2015,[6] with 14 members having participated in Baltic Air Policing so far.

In 2013, the Baltic patrol was called in when the Swedish Air Force was unable to respond to a simulated attack by Russian bombers against Stockholm.[7]

During the 2014 Crimean crisis, the U.S. Air Force deployed six F-15C Eagle fighter jets from US-run Lakenheath air base in eastern England to the Lithuanian Air Force Base near Šiauliai.[8][9] These aircraft will augment the present mission comprising four U.S. F-15C Eagle aircraft. The U.S. heightened its NATO presence to increase the strength of the Baltic Air Policing mission. Another two U.S. KC-135 aerial refuelling aircraft brought aircraft service personnel.[10] In May 2014, NATO established its second air base in Estonia's Ämari near Tallinn, beginning with a Danish deployment.[11] Additionally in May 2014, Polish Air Force units at Malbork Air Base were reinforced by the French Air Force [12][13]

According to a former staff of the National Defence University of Finland the Baltic air bases are untenable in a war scenario as they lack hardened aircraft shelters which makes them vulnerable to attack.[14] Also Russia operates long-range SAMs in Kaliningrad, Pskov and Leningrad Oblast which would severely hamper or stop air operations from the area.[14]

Deployments

LT-LV-EE Baltic Air Policing medal bar

Starting date[15]	Country	Air force	Aircraft	Based in	Reference
30 March 2004	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[16][17]
1 July 2004	Denmark	Royal Danish Air Force	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[18]
30 October 2004	United Kingdom	Royal Air Force	4x Panavia Tornado F.3	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[19][20]
1 January 2005	Norway	Royal Norwegian Air Force	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[21]
30 March 2005	Netherlands	Royal Netherlands Air Force	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[22]
30 June 2005	Germany	German Air Force	4x F-4F Phantom II	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[23]
12 October 2005	United States	United States Air Force	4x F-16CJ Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[24]
1 January 2006	Poland	Polish Air Force	4x MiG-29A	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[25]
31 March 2006	Turkey	Turkish Air Force	4x F-16C Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[26]
1 August 2006	Spain	Spanish Air Force	3x Mirage F1M	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[26][27]
1 December 2006	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[28]
1 April 2007	France	French Air Force	4x Mirage 2000C	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[29]
1 August 2007	Romania	Romanian Air Force	MiG-21 Lancer 'C'	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[30]
1 November 2007	Portugal	Portuguese Air Force	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[31][32]
16 December 2007	Norway	Royal Norwegian Air Force	F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[33]
15 March 2008	Poland	Polish Air Force	4x MiG-29A	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[34]
30 June 2008	Germany	German Air Force	4x F-4F Phantom II	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[35]
30 September 2008	United States	United States Air Force	4x F-15C Eagle	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[36]
2 January 2009	Denmark	Royal Danish Air Force	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[37]
1 May 2009	Czech Republic	Czech Air Force	4x JAS 39C Gripen	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[38]
1 September 2009	Germany	German Air Force	4x Eurofighter Typhoon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[39]
3 November 2009	Germany	German Air Force	4x F-4F Phantom II	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[40]
4 January 2010	France	French Air Force	4x Mirage 2000C	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[41]
1 May 2010	Poland	Polish Air Force	4x MiG-29A	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[42]
1 September 2010	United States	United States Air Force	4x F-15C Eagle	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[43]
5 January 2011	Germany	German Air Force	6x F-4F Phantom II	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[44]
28 April 2011	France	French Air Force	4x Mirage 2000C	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[45][46]
2 September 2011	Denmark	Royal Danish Air Force	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[47][48]
4 January 2012	Germany	German Air Force	6x F-4F Phantom II	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[49][50]
26 April 2012	Poland	Polish Air Force	4x MiG-29A	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[51]
1 September 2012	Czech Republic	Czech Air Force	4x JAS 39C Gripen	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[52]
3 January 2013	Denmark	Royal Danish Air Force	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[53]
30 April 2013	France	French Air Force	4x Mirage F1CR	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[54][55]
3 September 2013	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[56][57][58]
3 January 2014	United States	United States Air Force	4 x F-15C Eagle	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[59]
1 May 2014	Poland	Polish Air Force	4 x MiG-29A	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[60]
	United Kingdom	Royal Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[60]
	Denmark	Royal Danish Air Force	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Ämari, Estonia.	[60]
	France	French Air Force	4 x Dassault Rafale	Malbork, Poland.	[60]
1 September 2014	Portugal	Portuguese Air Force	6 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[61]
	Canada	Royal Canadian Air Force	4 x CF-188 Hornet	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[61]
	Germany	German Air Force	Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[61]
	Netherlands	Royal Netherlands Air Force	F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Malbork, Poland	[61]
1 January 2015	Italy	Italian Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[62]
2 January 2015	Spain	Spanish Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[63]
5 January 2015	Poland	Polish Air Force	4 x MiG-29A	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[62]
7 January 2015	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Malbork, Poland	[64]
1 May 2015	Norway	Royal Norwegian Air Force	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[65]
	Italy	Italian Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[65][66]
	United Kingdom	Royal Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[65]
	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Malbork, Poland	[65]
25 August 2015	Germany	German Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[67]
31 August 2015	Hungary	Hungarian Air Force	4 x JAS 39C Gripen	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[68]
7 January 2016	Spain	Spanish Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[69]
	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Ämari, Estonia	[69]
28 April 2016	United Kingdom	Royal Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[70]
4 May 2016	Portugal	Portuguese Air Force	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[71]
31 August 2016	France	French Air Force	4 x Mirage 2000-5F	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[72]
	Germany	German Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[73]
5 January 2017	Netherlands	Royal Netherlands Air Force	|4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[74]
	Germany	German Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[75]
2 May 2017	Poland	Polish Air Force	4 x F-16C Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[76]
3 May 2017	Spain	Spanish Air Force	5 x EF-18 Hornet	Ämari, Estonia	[77]
30 August 2017	United States	United States Air Force	4 x F-15C Eagle	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[78]
5 September 2017	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Ämari, Estonia	[79]
8 January 2018	Denmark	Royal Danish Air Force	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[80]
10 January 2018	Italy	Italian Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[81]
2 May 2018	Portugal	Portuguese Air Force	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[82]
	Spain	Spanish Air Force	6 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[82]
3 May 2018	France	French Air Force	4 x Mirage 2000-5F	Ämari, Estonia	[83]
30 August 2018	Germany	German Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[84]
31 August 2018	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[85]
3 January 2019	Poland	Polish Air Force	F-16C Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[86]
1 May 2019	Hungary	Hungarian Air Force	4 x JAS 39C Gripen	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[87]
	Spain	Spanish Air Force	5 x EF-18 Hornet	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[87]
	United Kingdom	Royal Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Ämari, Estonia	[87]
3 September 2019	Belgium	Belgian Air Component	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[88][89]
	Denmark	Royal Danish Air Force	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[88][90]
	Czech Republic	Czech Air Force	4 x JAS 39C Gripen	Ämari, Estonia	[88][91]
2 January 2020	Poland	Polish Air Force	F-16C Fighting Falcon	Ämari, Estonia	[92]
30 April 2020	France	French Air Force	4 x Mirage 2000-5F	Ämari, Estonia	[93][94]
1 May 2020	United Kingdom	Royal Air Force	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[95][96]
	Spain	Spanish Air Force	6x EF-18 Hornet	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[97][98]
15 July 2020	Germany	German Air Force	Eurofighter Typhoons	Šiauliai, Lithuania	[99]

Accidents

• 30 August 2011 - A French Mirage collided with Lithuanian trainer jet L-39, which crashed into a marsh. Both pilots ejected.[100]
• 29 April 2013 - A Danish F-16 landed in Tallinn after it suffered a bird strike, which caused minor engine damage.[101]
• 9 October 2015 - A German Eurofighter's right external tank dropped "while taxiing to the start position" on the taxiway in Ämari airbase, Estonia. The necessary torque of the tightening bolts "was not present".[102]
• 8 August 2018 - A Spanish Eurofighter accidentally launched an AMRAAM missile without a target while on patrol over Estonia. The missile was not confirmed to have self-destructed as designed.[103]

Gallery

• 
  United States air force F-15C Eagle near Vilnius (November 10, 2008)
• 
  Squadron of Belgian Air Component fighters F-16 Fighting Falcon
• 
  Royal Danish Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcon near Vilnius (March 27, 2009)
• 
  French Mirage 2000s during a Baltic Air Policing deployment in 2010.
• 
  A German Luftwaffe McDonnell Douglas F-4F Phantom II landing at Zokniai airport (Lithuania, 4 January 2011).
• 
  Czech Saab Gripen fighters over the Curonian Spit while participating in the Baltic Air Policing mission in 2012.
• 
  A U.S. Air Force F-15C Eagle aircraft assigned to the 493rd Expeditionary Fighter Squadron taxis to a runway March 18, 2014, as part of Baltic Air Policing in Šiauliai, Lithuania.
• 
  Royal Netherlands Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcons during a Baltic Air Policing deployment (Lithuania, 15 March 2017)

See also

• Icelandic Air Policing

References

1. CAOC Finderup 1993-2013 Archived July 22, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
2. "L'A.M. assicura lo spazio aereo albanese" (in Italian). Retrieved 20 September 2011. L’Aeronautica Militare assicura già dal 2007, con i propri velivoli, l’"Air Policing" dello spazio aereo sloveno.
3. "Baltic Region Training Event". Archived from the original on 2014-10-30. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
4. A Mission in the Interest of the Whole Alliance. PISM Bulletin No 88 (421), September 21, 2012
5. Hungary will join NATO's Air Policing mission in Baltics.
6. Italy’s Typhoon fighter jets secure airspace of Iceland. 10 June 2013
7. Benitez, Jorge (22 April 2013). "Russian jets practiced attacks on Sweden". NATO Source. Atlantic Council. Archived from the original on 2013-04-26. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
8. US sends six fighters for NATO Baltics patrols: Lithuania Archived March 8, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
9. 6 F-15s, KC-135 to augment NATO mission in Baltics
10. "The United States augment its participation in NATO's air policing mission in the Baltics". Archived from the original on 2014-10-30. Retrieved 2014-03-06.
11. "NATO opens an air base in Estonia". estonianworld.com. 2 May 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
12. NATO's tripled Baltic Air Policing Mission begins by Nicholas de Larrinaga Jane's Defence Weekly 29 April 2014
13. [ http://aco.nato.int/alliance-solidarity-in-the-baltic-region-continues.aspx Alliance Solidarity in the Baltic Region Continues] Allied Command Operations 26 Aug 2014
14. Gestrin-Hagner, Maria (2015-01-20). "(sv) Försvarsexpert: Flygövning fredstida spel för gallerierna". Hufvudstadsbladet. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
15. NATO Air - policing mission, Lithuanian Armed Forces
16. Belgium Baltic Air Policing
17. "Operation Baltic Air Policing". Retrieved 26 October 2019.
18. Air-police functions in the Baltic States to be taken over by Danish personnel
19. Hansard, 14/12/04
20. "Eastern Europe: Military Aircraft". Retrieved 26 October 2019.
21. Norwegian Ministry of Defence:Norwegian fighter aircraft on a temporary NATO mission in the baltic
22. Air policing mission in the Baltic States to be taken over by Dutch troops
23. Germans takes over Baltic NATO mission
24. 23rd EFS protects Baltic skies
25. Zakończenie misji AIR POLICING przez Siły Powietrzne RP. Archived 2010-02-18 at the Wayback Machine mon.gov.pl
26. Turkish Military Personnel to Take Over Execution of NATO Air Policing Mission Over the Baltic States.
27. Spain to carry out NATO patrol in Baltic countries
28. "Belgium F-16s to police Baltic airspace". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
29. "The Baltic Air Policing operation will handed over to French". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
30. "Romania Performs Air Police Service In The Baltic Countries". Archived from the original on 2012-08-19. Retrieved 2013-03-19.
31. Portuguese F-16s to defend Baltic skies
32. A participação dos Jaguares na missão Baltics Air Policing 2007 (Portuguese Air Force 301 Squadron) (in Portuguese)
33. Oro policijos misiją Baltijos valstybėse iš portugalų perima norvegai (in Lithuanian)
34. Gazeta.pl: Prezydent podpisał postanowienie o użyciu wojska w dwóch zagranicznych operacjach (in Polish)
35. "German contingent took over Baltic Air-policing mission". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
36. "QRA Baltic Air-policing mission transferred to US troops". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
37. "NATO Baltic Air-policing mission will be transferred to Danish Contingent". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
38. Air Contingent of the Czech Republic took over the NATO Baltic Air-policing mission
39. "German Air Contingent took over Baltic Air-policing mission from Czechs". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
40. German Air Force to conduct once more NATO Air Policing over Baltic States
41. Air Baltic 2010 – France takes over Archived 2012-05-25 at Archive.today
42. "Air Contingents on the NATO Baltic Air-policing mission will rotate". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
43. "US Air Contingent readying to take over NATO Baltic Air-policing mission". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
44. Richthofengeschwader sichert baltischen Luftraum (in German)
45. Šiauliuose leisis Prancūzijos naikintuvai (in Lithuanian)
46. "French Air Force takes command of NATO's Baltic Air Policing Mission". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
47. "NATO oro policijos misiją Baltijos šalyse perims Danijos kariai" (in Lithuanian). Archived from the original on 2014-08-10. Retrieved 2013-03-19.
48. "Danish F-16s Take-Over Baltic Air Policing Mission". Retrieved 26 October 2019.
49. Šiauliuose nusileido Vokietijos karinių oro pajėgų naikintuvai (in Lithuanian)
50. "F-4 Phantom of the German Air Force landed in Šiauliai". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
51. Orlik 4 na posterunku, sp.mil.pl Archived 2012-10-18 at the Wayback Machine (in Polish)
52. Czech Gripen Baltic Airspace Policing Encore
53. Baltijos erdvėje patruliuos Danijos karinių oro pajėgų naikintuvai (in Lithuanian)
54. NATO oro policijos misijoje danus keičia Prancūzijos karinių oro pajėgų kariai (in Lithuanian)
55. "Denmark's Air Contingent replaced by France's air capabilities on the Baltic Air policing mission". Retrieved 26 October 2019.
56. Nicholas Fiorenza (17 June 2013). "Belgium To Take Over Baltic Air Policing". Retrieved 17 June 2013.
57. Belgian Air Force (2 July 2013). "Baltic Air Policing" (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 August 2013.
58. AIRheads/MB (26 July 2013). "Belgian F-16s take on Baltic Air Policing". Archived from the original on 11 December 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
59. "U.S. air contingent took over NATO's Baltic Air Policing mission from Belgian troops". 3 January 2014.
60. "Allies enhance NATO air-policing duties in Baltic States, Poland, Romania". 29 April 2014.
61. "Responsibility for the security of the Baltic airspace will be passed on to Portugal and Canada at the Lithuanian Air Force Base in Šiauliai". 31 August 2014.
62. "End of 2014 Marks Hand-Over of NATO's Baltic Air Policing". 1 January 2015.
63. "Second Participation of Spanish Air Force in NATO Baltic Air Policing". 2 January 2015.
64. "Surveillance aérienne de Pologne" (in French). 16 January 2015.
65. "Norway takes the lead in NATO's Baltic Air Policing mission". Retrieved 30 April 2015.
66. "Italy ended its NATO Baltic Air Policing mission". 28 August 2015.
67. "RAF hands over NATO Air Policing to Luftwaffe at Ämari, Estonia". 25 August 2015.
68. "Hungary takes over lead role in Baltic Air Policing". 31 August 2015.
69. "Spain and Belgium ensure Safe Skies over the Baltic Region". 7 January 2016.
70. "Augmenting Baltic Air Policing Nations hand over responsibility". 28 April 2016.
71. "Portugal assumes lead over Baltic Air Policing at Šiauliai". 4 May 2016.
72. "Lead in Baltic Air Policing handed over to France at Šiauliai, Lithuania". 31 August 2016.
73. "Baltic Air Policing augmenting nations pass baton at Ämari, Estonia". 31 August 2016.
74. "France hands over lead in Baltic Air Policing to the Netherlands at Siauliai". 5 January 2017.
75. "Germany continues augmenting Baltic Air Policing". 6 January 2017.
76. "Baltic Air Policing mission changes lead nation at Šiauliai Air Base". 2 May 2017.
77. "Spanish F-18 jets to augment NATO Baltic Air Policing". 3 May 2017.
78. "US Air Force assumes lead of 45th rotation of Baltic Air Policing". 30 August 2017.
79. "First Ally to conduct Baltic Air Policing, Belgium, back at Ämari". 5 September 2017.
80. "NATO Air Policing in Baltics continues with Denmark in lead". 8 January 2018.
81. "Italy welcomed in Estonia to augment NATO's Baltic Air Policing mission". 10 January 2018.
82. "Portugal to take over lead of Baltic Air Policing". 2 May 2018.
83. "French Air Force takes up NATO mission in Baltics". 3 May 2018.
84. "Germany starts Baltic Air Policing mission in Estonia". 30 August 2018.
85. "NATO Air Policing in Baltic region continues with Belgium in lead". 31 August 2018.
86. "Poland first Ally to safeguard Baltic Airspace in 2019". 3 January 2019.
87. "Hungary takes over lead role in Baltic Air Policing". 1 May 2019.
88. "Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark take up NATO air-policing duties". 25 October 2019.
89. "Czechs and Belgians take over in latest Baltic air police rotation". Retrieved 25 October 2019.
90. "Denmark takes over NATO Air Policing in the Baltics". Retrieved 25 October 2019.
91. "NATO announces change in Baltic air policing duties". Retrieved 25 October 2019.
92. "Poland takes over Baltic Air Policing in Estonia, Belgium continues to lead from Lithuania". 17 January 2020.
93. "France to Take Over NATO Baltic Air Policing Duties at Ämari". 3 June 2020.
94. "Meet Flight Lieutenant Quentin, a French fighter pilot protecting the Baltic skies". 3 June 2020.
95. "RAF Typhoons begin NATO Air Policing mission in Lithuania". 3 June 2020.
96. "NATO and European Security signalled through Joint Expeditionary Force Readiness Declaration and Baltic Air Policing deployment". 3 June 2020.
97. "Spain successfully completes first month leading NATO's Baltic Air Policing". 3 June 2020.
98. "Spain, France and UK take up Baltic air policing second 2020 rotation". 3 June 2020.
99. "GERMAN FIGHTER JETS JOIN RAF BALTIC AIR POLICING DETACHMENT AT ŠIAULIAI AIRBASE, LITHUANIA". 9 August 2020.
100. Lithuanian L-39 crashes after collision with French Mirage
101. Danish jets make unscheduled landing after bird collision in Estonian airspace.
103. https://news.sky.com/story/spanish-fighter-jet-accidentally-fires-missile-in-estonia-11465025

• Three years of NATO Baltic Air Policing

External links

• Ministry of National Defence Republic of Lithuania NATO Air - policing mission
• Estonian Ministry of Defence
• Estonian Air Force
• Headquarters Allied Air Command Ramstein - NATO Air Policing
• NATO AIRCOM Exercises