August 1955
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The following events occurred in August 1955:
August 1, 1955 (Monday)
- Norway's Ministry of Pay and Prices is established, headed by Gunnar Bråthen.
August 2, 1955 (Tuesday)
- Died: Wallace Stevens, 75, American poet
August 3, 1955 (Wednesday)
- The English-language première of Samuel Beckett's play Waiting for Godot, directed by Peter Hall, takes place at the Arts Theatre, London.
August 4, 1955 (Thursday)
- The 1955 Mitropa Cup football competition is won by Vörös Lobogó, with ÚDA Praha as runners-up after the second leg of the final.
- While her act is being filmed for NBC variety series The Jimmy Durante Show, Carmen Miranda complains of feeling ill and out of breath, but finishes her performance.[1][2]
August 5, 1955 (Friday)
- Died: Carmen Miranda, 46, Portuguese Brazilian singer and actress (pre-eclampsia)[3]
August 6, 1955 (Saturday)
- The French Southern and Antarctic Territories are created, as an overseas territory of France.
August 7, 1955 (Sunday)
- The French département of Bône is created out of the eastern extremity of the former département of Constantine in Algeria.
August 8, 1955 (Monday)
- Composer Luigi Nono marries Arnold Schoenberg's daughter Nuria in Venice.[4]
- Died: Grace Hartman, 48, American actress
August 9, 1955 (Tuesday)
- The Canadian National Railway opens its part of Walkley Yard in Ottawa, Canada.
- Born: Maud Olofsson, Swedish politician, in Arnäsvall
August 10, 1955 (Wednesday)
- The Division of Stirling is created in a Western Australia electoral redistribution.[5]
August 11, 1955 (Thursday)
- As a formation of nine United States Air Force Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcars flies over Edelweiler, near Stuttgart, West Germany, on a training mission carrying troops, one of them, a C-119G, experiences engine trouble, loses altitude momentarily, pulls upward abruptly, and collides with another C-119G. Both aircraft crash, killing all 19 people aboard one and all 47 aboard the other. The combined death toll of 66 makes it the worst aviation accident in German history at the time and the deadliest ever involving any variant of the C-119. It will tie with the March 22 crash of a United States Navy R6D-1 Liftmaster in Hawaii and the October 6 crash of United Airlines Flight 409 in Wyoming as the deadliest air accident of 1955.[6][7]
- Burhanuddin Harahap becomes Prime Minister of Indonesia.
August 12, 1955 (Friday)
- Hurricane Connie strikes North Carolina as a Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson scale.
- Died:
- Thomas Mann, 80, German novelist, Nobel Prize laureate
- James B. Sumner, 67, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
August 13, 1955 (Saturday)
- Died Florence Easton, 72, English-born operatic soprano
August 14, 1955 (Sunday)
- The US schooner Levin J. Marvel capsizes and sinks in Chesapeake Bay with the loss of twelve of the 24 people on board.[8] It was lost during high waves in Hurricane Connie.[9]
August 15, 1955 (Monday)
- Rear Admiral Royce de Mel becomes the first native Commander of the Royal Ceylon Navy.[10][11] He would later be implicated in the 1962 Ceylonese coup d'état attempt.
August 16, 1955 (Tuesday)
- A new world record glider speed of 67.304km/h over a triangular course of 200km is set by Edward Makula, the first of seven world records Makula would hold in the course of his career.[12]
August 17, 1955 (Wednesday)
- Died: Fernand Léger, 74, French painter and sculptor
August 18, 1955 (Thursday)
- The First Sudanese Civil War begins.
- First meeting of the Organization of Central American States (Organización de Estados Centroamericanos, ODECA), in Antigua Guatemala.
August 19, 1955 (Friday)
- Hurricane Diane hits the northeastern United States, killing over 200 people, and causing over $1.0 billion in damage.
August 20, 1955 (Saturday)
- Hundreds of people are killed in anti-French rioting in Morocco and Algeria, → Battle of Philippeville.
- Flying a U.S. Air Force North American F-100C Super Sabre, Horace A. Haines sets a world speed record of 822.135 mph (1,323.889 km/h).[13]
August 21, 1955 (Sunday)
August 22, 1955 (Monday)
- Eleven schoolchildren are killed when their school bus is hit by a freight train in Spring City, Tennessee, United States after the driver disregards a crossing signal; a further 39 are injured.
August 23, 1955 (Tuesday)
- The Westland Widgeon helicopter makes its maiden flight.
- Died: Rudolf Minger, 73, Swiss politician
August 24, 1955 (Wednesday)
August 25, 1955 (Thursday)
- In China, the Sufan movement issues its "Directive on the thorough purge and cleansing of hidden counter-revolutionaries"
- The last Soviet Army occupation forces leave Austria.
August 26, 1955 (Friday)
- Satyajit Ray's film Pather Panchali is released in Calcutta, India, receiving a poor initial response but quickly attracting audiences to become a classic of Indian cinema.[14]
August 27, 1955 (Saturday)
- The first edition of the Guinness Book of Records is published, in London, compiled by Norris and Ross McWhirter.
- Born: Sergey Khlebnikov, Soviet speed skater (d. 1999)
- Died: Augusto Turati, 67, Italian fascist politician
August 28, 1955 (Sunday)
- The Challenge Round of the 1955 Davis Cup tennis competition is won by Australia at the West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills, New York, USA.[15]
- Died: Emmett Till, 14, African-American teenager, murdered in Mississippi for speaking to a white woman.
August 29, 1955 (Monday)
- A British Royal Air Force English Electric Canberra sets a new world altitude record of 65,876 ft (20,079 m).[16]
- The 1955 CCCF Championship soccer competition ends in victory for Costa Rica.[17]
August 30, 1955 (Tuesday)
- Grodno Zoo, in Belarus, receives its first Asian elephant, from Vietnam.[18]
August 31, 1955 (Wednesday)
- Lockheed Aircraft Corporation engineering test pilot Stanley Beltz is killed in a crash near Lancaster, California, USA, while piloting an F-94B Starfire modified to test the nose section of the BOMARC missile.[19]
- The Hudson and Manhattan Railroad begins experiments with air conditioning on its subway cars, a technology that the New York City Subway system declared impractical before then.[20] This experiment results in the first successful production application of air conditioning in a rapid transit car, 50 cars (20 owned by H&M, 30 by H&M parent PRR) built by St. Louis Car Company in 1958.
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References
- "Carmen Miranda Of Movies Dies". The Milwaukee Sentinel. 6 August 1955. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
- "Actress Dies After Making Video Film". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. 6 August 1955. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
- Encyclopedia of World Biography | 2006; COPYRIGHT 2004 The Gale Group Inc.
- Paxman, Jon (2014). Classical Music 1600–2000: A Chronology. London: Omnibus. ISBN 978-1-84449-773-7.
- Division of Stirling - Australian Electoral Commission
- Aviation Safety Network: Accident Description
- Aviation Safety Network: Accident Description
- "Twelve Drown When Schooner Capsizes". The Times (53299). London. 15 August 1955. col C, p. 5.
- David Longshore (2008). Encyclopedia of Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Cyclones, New Edition. Facts on File, Inc. p. 105. Retrieved 2013-01-23.
- "Past Commanders". navy.lk. Archived from the original on 2 September 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
- "Sri Lanka Navy: Diamond Jubilee celebrations". navy.lk. Archived from the original on 2016-02-06. Retrieved 7 October 2015.
- FAI: records by Edward Makula Archived 2011-06-08 at the Wayback Machine - accessed 2008-01-11
- Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987, ISBN 978-0-517-56588-9, p. 352.
- Robinson, Andrew (1989). Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06946-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Donald, David, ed., The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997, ISBN 978-0-7607-0592-6, p. 89.
- "CCCF Championship 1955 (Tegucigalpa, Honduras, Aug 14-28)". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 7 March 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
- Website of Grodno Zoo
- Logan, Willy, "Death of a Quiet Birdman," Aviation History, September 2010, p. 21.
- Klapouchy, B. (2005). "Hudson and Manhattan Railroad: Operating History". Archived from the original on 2005-09-08. Retrieved 2005-08-31.
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