Aaron A. Sargent

Aaron Augustus Sargent (September 28, 1827 – August 14, 1887) was an American journalist, lawyer, politician and diplomat. In 1878, Sargent historically introduced what would later become the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, giving women the right to vote. He was sometimes called the "Senator for the Southern Pacific Railroad".

Aaron Augustus Sargent
United States senator from California
In office March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1879
Preceded by	Cornelius Cole
Succeeded by	James T. Farley
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 2nd district
In office March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1873
Preceded by	William Higby
Succeeded by	Horace F. Page
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's at-large district
In office March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863
Preceded by	Charles L. Scott
Succeeded by	William Higby
Member of the California Senate
In office 1856
Personal details
Born	(1827-09-28)September 28, 1827 Newburyport, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	August 14, 1887(1887-08-14) (aged 59) San Francisco, California, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Profession	Politician, Lawyer

Early life and education

Born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, he attended the common schools and then was apprenticed to a cabinetmaker. In his youth he worked as a printer in Philadelphia and then, in 1847, moved to Washington, D.C., where he was a secretary to a Congressman.

Career

He moved to California in 1849 and settled in Nevada City in 1850. There he was on the staff of the Nevada Daily Journal, eventually becoming that newspaper's owner. He was admitted to the California bar in 1854 and began practicing in Nevada City, becoming district attorney for Nevada County in 1856. He served in the California Senate in 1856.

Congress

Sargent was elected as a Republican to the 37th Congress; skipped several terms and was reelected to the 41st and 42nd Congresses. In 1861 he was the author of the first Pacific Railroad Act that was passed in Congress.

He was elected to the United States Senate and served 1873 to 1879. During his time in the Senate he was chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Mines and Mining during the 44th Congress and chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Naval Affairs during the 45th Congress.

Introducing the 19th Amendment

In January 1878, Senator Sargent introduced the 29 words that would later become the 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution, allowing women the right to vote. Sargent's wife, Ellen Clark Sargent, was a leading voting rights advocate and a friend of such suffrage leaders as Susan B. Anthony. The bill calling for the amendment would be introduced unsuccessfully each year for the next forty years.

Ambassador to Germany

Sargent returned to California in 1880. After leaving the Senate he practiced law in San Francisco for three years, leaving to become United States Ambassador to Germany for two years, and held office until the action of the German authorities in excluding American pork from the empire made his incumbency personally distasteful. He turned down the appointment of Ambassador to Russia after William H. Hunt's death and made an unsuccessful attempt for the Republican nomination for the Senate in 1885.

Death and legacy

He died in San Francisco in 1887.[1] According to Sargent's descendants, A.A. Sargent's ashes were spread over the placer mine he had in Nevada City. A monument to him may be found in the old pioneer cemetery in Nevada City.

Sargent was a noted proponent of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, arguing in Overland Monthly in support of exclusion and for the renewal of the 1882 Exclusion Act after its expiration in 1892. The Chinese Exclusion Act was eventually renewed in 1892, and again—indefinitely—in 1902, staying in effect until 1943.

References

1. "Ex-Senator Sargent". The New York Times. August 15, 1887. Retrieved 2010-03-31. Aaron A. Sargent, ex-United States Senator for California, died here this morning. He had been ... for some time, but was ... to his house only for the last two weeks. His disease was enlargement of the spleen, resulting in blood-poisoning. After his last return here he engaged in law practice, establishing...

Sargent, A. (1885, The Wyoming anti-Chinese riot. Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine (1868–1935), OL. VI., 507-507. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/137560189

Sargent, A. (1886, "The wyoming anti-chinese riot."—again. Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine (1868–1935), OL. VII., 54-54. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/137565135

Shepard, Christopher. "No Chinese Wanted: Aaron Sargent and Chinese Immigration, 1862-1886." Journal of the West. 51 no. 1 (Winter 2013): 50-57.

External links

• United States Congress. "Aaron A. Sargent (id: S000065)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Charles L. Scott	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's at-large congressional district 1861–1863	Succeeded by William Higby
Preceded by William Higby	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 2nd congressional district 1869–1873	Succeeded by Horace F. Page
U.S. Senate
Preceded by Cornelius Cole	U.S. senator (Class 3) from California 1873–1879 Served alongside: Eugene Casserly, John S. Hager and Newton Booth	Succeeded by James T. Farley
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Andrew D. White	United States Ambassador to Germany 1882–1884	Succeeded by John A. Kasson